Gurgaon

Located in the National Capital Region, Gurgaon is one of the most rapidly growing cities in Greater Delhi. In the last few years Gurgaon has boomed as the hub of IT and other new-age businesses. One of Delhi’s four major satellite cities, Gurgaon has of late been settled by several people due to the flourishing industrial scenario.

Having derived its name from Guru-Gram, Gurgaon has a legend behind it stating that it was an ancestral village presented by Kauravas and Pandavas to their guru Dronacharya. Apart from the Gurgaon city, the other smaller towns in the district include Nuh, Ferozepur Jhirka, Sohna, and Pataudi. These places offer ample good quality accommodation options. In fact, a motel at Sohna provides air-conditioned quarters for comfortable stay for the tourists. A four-bed dormitory, family huts and simple camping huts are available according to the budget schemes of various tourists. The Statesman Vintage Car Rally held in February every year is one of the major events that take place here.

Having grown into one of the largest and chic IT hubs of India in the last few years, Gurgaon evokes a lot of curiosity in the minds of the tourists and the corporate world. People want to know more about Gurgaon and its people. Situated in the National Capital Region, it is one of the fastest developing cities in Greater Delhi. Of late Gurgaon has flourished as the center of Information Technology and other new-age businesses. One of Delhi’s four major satellite cities, Gurgaon has of late been settled by several people due to the flourishing industrial scenario.

History
Legend about Gurgaon says that it was an ancestral village gifted by the Pandavas and the Kauravas to their teacher Dronacharya. This is believed to be the place where Dronacharya gave lessons on archery to the Pandavas. During the Medieval period, it underwent several ups and downs at the hands of Muslim Rulers. It was towards the end of 1803 that the East India Company took over control of Gurgaon through a treaty signed by Surji Arjungaon. The battle of Indian freedom saw active participation of the several people of Gurgaon.

Climate and clothing in Gurgaon
Dry and hot summers with temperatures reaching as high as 45°C and chilly winters which range between 21° C and 7° C mark the climatic conditions of Gurgaon. However, the monsoons from July to September bring considerable respite. Prefer carrying along with you light cotton clothes in summers and light woolens in the winters.

Tourist Attractions
Tourist attractions in Gurgaon are plenty. Although primarily a commercial city, Gurgaon is home to quite a number of interesting tourist sites. For instance, the Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary, at a distance of 16 km from the town, is an ideal place for ardent bird watchers and bird lovers. Home to over 100 species of birds, and founded by Dr. Salim Ali, the sanctuary preserves important species like Saras, crane, spot bill, ruddy duck, and rosy pelicans. A visit during winters (November-February) when many migratory birds fly to this place will be thoroughly exciting. The bird sanctuary is also home to hide outs, watch towers and a museum to provide for the desires of an inquisitive tourist or a wildlife enthusiast. Guest rooms, restaurant, family cottages, bar, hide outs, water towers and catering wing, are there for bird watchers and tourists.

Another of the interesting sites in one of the newly developed tourist destinations in India is the Sheetala Devi Temple. Situated one and a half kilometers in the outskirts of Gurgaon near a pond, this famous Hindu temple is also called ‘Shakti Peeth’. The deity worshipped here is of Mata Sheetala Devi - the goddess of small-pox. It is visited by a large number of pilgrims of all religions and beliefs.

The Damdama Lake, located a few kilometers to the south of Gurgaon off Alwar road is a wonderful tourist spot. The adventure resort called Water Banks provides deluxe tents along the lake. Boating facilities and hot air ballooning are available here. Damdama Lake, south of Gurgaon, offers picnic spots, boating and rides on hot air balloons.

Nuh, a town, around 45km away, on Delhi-Alwar road, became a place of note during the rule of Bahadur Singh of Ghasera, due to its popularity in the salt trade. Here you can visit a masonry tank made of red sandstone, the tomb of Sheikh Musa, which is a blend of Muslim and Rajput architectural styles, and the shaking towers.

Other activities
Other than visiting the sightseeing options you can also indulge in a shopping spree at the shopping sites in the unofficial Mall Capital of India. Malls in gurgaon have become the ultimate shopping destinations for local customers. They have everything to offer to their visitors from restaurants, pubs and bars to international brands to electronic gadgets to foot wears. Customer can save time and money by visiting these malls of Gurgaon. These malls provide lots of variety to choose; from jewellery to apparels to gifts and accessories to art gallery to home and furnishings etc. The progress of the retail stores in these shopping malls of Gurgaon shows that the future of these shopping malls in Gurgaon is bright especially when the city is ready to accommodate n number of residents.

How to Reach Gurgaon
By Air: Indira Gandhi International Airport, at New Delhi, 10 km away from Gurgaon is the nearest airport from this city.

By Rail: Regular train services connect Gurgaon to all parts of the country. The Gurgaon railway station is situated towards the end of the city and links Rewari on one side and Delhi on the other.

By Road: The state transport bus services linking Gurgaon to the adjacent cities within and around the state are commendable options of road transport. Also, private taxis, buses, metered auto-rickshaws, and state buses are comfortably accessible.

Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur, the city of Handlooms and Gita Press, is situated in the north-eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. It is merely 90 Km from Nepal border, hence it becomes a halt for people travelling cross borders. It is also close to Kushinagar, one of the most sacred pilgrimages for Buddhists.

AN INTRODUCTION
Gorakhpur is small city in the north of Uttar Pradesh. The city is known for its proximity to Kushinagar and Nepal. Situated on the banks of river Rapti and Rohini at a height of 77 m from the sea level, Gorakhpur was earlier known as Ramgram and used to be the capital of the Koliyas in the ancient days. Gorakhpur got its name after famous saint Gorakhnath, who flourished here and blessed people with his teachings. Buddha is also said to have visited this place and moved to Kushinagar from Gorakhpur. Gorakhpur was also an important centre for activities of freedom fighters. Famous 'Chauri-Chaura' incident took place here, where 19 British policemen were burnt inside the police station. Currently Gorakhpur enjoys a peaceful environ, with people from different communities living in harmony. The city is a hub of the Handloom products. Gita Press, world famous publisher of Hindu religious books, is also from Gorakhpur. A naturopathy hospital, Arogya Mandir, once the second largest of its kind in Asia, is also situated in Gorakhpur.

PLACE OF INTEREST
Gorakhnath Temple: The Gorakhnath temple is dedicated to saint Gorakhnath of 12th century, who gave Gorakhpur its name. The temple is an architecture delight. It evokes a strong sense of devotion in the devotees. The vast temple complex houses many small temples. Presiding deity of the temple is Saint Gorakhnath. His seat, where he used to preach, has been converted to the shrine.

Gita Press: The Gita Press building is as beautiful as are its publications. Famous globally, the Gita press publishes religious books of Hindu religion. The press is beautifully designed in form of a temple. All 18 parts of "Shri Madbhagwat Gita" are written on marble walls. Other wall hangings and paintings reveal the events of life of Lord Rama & Krishna. All sorts of Hindu religious books and handloom-textiles are sold here on subsidised rates.

Arogya Mandir: The Arogya Mandir is a naturopathy centre. The treatment centre was established in 1940 and for many years it was the largest naturopathy centre in India. It is known for the large buildings and lush green surroundings.

EXCURSIONS
Kushinagar: 51 Km from Gorakhpur is Kushinagar, where Budha attained salvation. He delivered his last sermon in this city. Kushinagar is as holy as Bodhgaya and Nalanda, as Budha spent his last days in the town. Many temples, monuments, buildings have been built by the governments of China, Japan, Thailand and Sri Lanka.

Kapilavastu: 97 Km north of Gorakhpur, Kapilvastu is now being developed as an International Buddhist Pilgrimage Centre. Here, Lord Buddha spent 29 years of his early life. There is big stupa, from where the relics of Buddha were discovered during excavations. Ruins of monasteries & palaces can be seen at Ganvaria. There are some other religious places of worship, the Shiv Temple, Narahi, Kubernath and Palta Devi being few of them.

GETTING THERE
By Air: Gorakhpur civil airport is 8 Km from city centre. It has flights on regular basis to Delhi, Varanasi, Lucknow and Kolkata.

By Rail: Gorakhpur is well connected with all major tourist-centers of India.

By Road: Gorakhpur falls on NH 28 and 29. The roadways network connects Gorakhpur to the cities of Uttar Pradesh and to other cities of India. Some important distances are: Lucknow 276 Km, Varanasi 231 Km, Allahabad 139 Km, Agra 624 Km, Delhi 783 Km and Mumbai 1690 Km.

Gwalior

Situated in the state of Madhya Pradesh, around 321 km from Delhi, Gwalior holds a special position in the chapter of Indian history. Gwalior got its name from a famous saint Gwalipa who cured the Kachwaha clan chieftain from Leprosy. The history of Gwalior dates back to 8th century. Due to its position right between north India and south India, the city was captured many times by different dynasties like Tomars, Lodhis, Mughals and Marathas to gain power of this strategic location. Many battles have been fought on this soil and numerous heroes have been lost here. This princely state still retains its royalty with Scindias having their dynastic seat here. This city now is seen as a symbol of valor, strength, and glory. You can visit this state at any time of the year however October to March season is the best. Summers in the city are a bit harsh as the temperature can easily sore above the 40 C mark. Similarly the winters here are a bit nippy with temperature dropping to single digits regularly.

The city is quite famous for the Tansen Music Festival that is held here every year in the month of November and December. Many renowned prodigies of classical music perform here attracting huge number of music lovers. The festival takes place at the famous Tansen Memorial. When you are exploring the charms of Gwalior, shop for exquisite handicrafts and antique showpieces that are great memorabilia to take home. There are many government run shops inside the Gwalior fort as well which offer a huge variety.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The climate of Gwalior is extreme with hot summers and cold winters. The maximum temperature during the summer months can touch as high as 46°C, while in the winters it can go down to below 5°C. Monsoon starts from the first week of June and remains there till August/September.

HISTORY
According to a legend, Gwalior derives its name from a great sage Gwalipa who cured a chief of the Kachwaha clan suffering from leprosy.

Gwalior's strategic position between north and south India made it an important possession and was captured by several ruling houses. The first historical holders of the city were the Huns. Between 11th to 14th century AD, Gwalior came under the influence of Kachwaha Rajputs, the Pratiharas, Qutub-ud-din Aibak, and Iltutmish, and remained under Muslim possession until 1398. Under the Tomars, whose most important king was Man Singh (1486-1517), Gwalior rose to prominence. Gwalior was finally surrendered to Ibrahim Lodhi in 1518. Held in succession by the Mughals, Jats, Marathas and the British, Gwalior was finally handed over to Jiyaji Rao Scindia at a formal durbar in 1885. The Scindias were the last ruling family of Gwalior and are still influential in the political arena of India.

Today, the city is also famous for the educational institutions like Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Travel and Tourism Management, Scindia School, and Laxmibai National Institute of Physical Education attracting students from every nook and corner of the country.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
The mighty Gwalior Fort was built in the 15th century by Raja Mansingh Tomar on a hilltop that overlooks the city. The outer wall of the fort stands two miles in length and 35 m in height. A steep road winds upwards to the fort, flanked by statues of the Jain Tirthankaras, carved into the rock face.

Man Mandir is the Fort's piece de resistance. The palace built by Man Singh Tomar is a delicate structure exhibiting a sense of joy and abandon through use of color, motif, and design. There are chambers for affairs of state as well as those for relaxation, adorned appropriately and ornately with carved animals, flowers, and the human form.

If Man Mandir reflects Man Singh's aesthetic sensibilities, Gujari Mahal speaks of his love. The courage and beauty of Mrignayani and her love with Raja Mansingh are now a part of popular folk tradition. The palace has been now converted in a museum and houses very good collection of Jain and Hindu artifacts.


Contrasting with the predominant north Indian style of architecture is the Teli-ka-Mandir. This temple is believed to the oldest in the Fort, built in the ninth century and Dravidian in form. The sculptures are distinctly north Indian. Some believed it was so named because it was built in the Telangana style; others say this was because it was built by telis (oil merchants). A more recent study ascribes it to Telap Raj, a prime minister of the region.

The Sas-Bahu temples, in another part of the Fort, are not, as people believe, dedicated to a mother-in-law (Sas) and daughter-in-law (Bahu). Sas-Bahu is the name traditionally given to two adjoining temples of different sizes. The larger of the two is profusely sculpted with graceful figures and intricate patterns. This is more apparent in the interior where, above the sculpted walls and pillars, an elaborately carved lotus adorns the roof.

The chhatris, memorials to former Scindia rulers, are executed in the typical Bundelkhandi style with conical spires and heavily carved exteriors.

At another point in the city is the tomb of Mohammad Ghaus. Although of little importance from a historical perspective, the sheer beauty of the tomb is breathtaking. The stone carving for which the skilled artisans of Gwalior were justly famous is apparent in the huge panels of lacy screen work, which combine with an interesting architectural design to create a delicate, ethereal appeal.

Adjacent is a small white, austere tomb. This is the memorial to Tansen, a famed musician, and one of the nine gems of the Mughal emperor Akbar's court.

Much of modern Gwalior is associated with the Scindias who were prolific builders. The Jai Vilas Palace at Lashkar is an opulent Italianate structure, set in carefully laid lawns. Part of the palace is used as a residence for the family while the other has been converted into a museum that effectively documents a more leisurely and princely lifestyle. The museum exhibits, consisting of collections of the Scindia family, include such things as chandeliers weighing several tons, a silver toy train whose wagons were used as serving dishes and a glass cradle from Italy used for the Lord Krishna at Janmashtami.

Other important tourist attractions in the city are Surya Mandir (sun temple), a replica of the famed Konark Sun Temple in Orissa, Baija Taal cultural complex, museum of the freedom fighters, and Kala Vithika.

PLACES AROUND GWALIOR
Shivpuri (112 km) on the Agra-Bombay Road is famous for its Madhav National Park and the Chhatris (memorials to former rulers).

Orchha (120 km), former capital of the Bundela Rajputs, has interesting palaces and temples. Other interesting places include Datia (69 km), Marwar (122 km), and Pawaya (68 km).

Chanderi (239 km) is a well-preserved medieval town famed for the craft of sari weaving, with beautiful structures executed in the Bundelkhandi style.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
Tansen Music Festival is held every winter in the months of November/December. The festival is a major cultural event, drawing prominent performers and music lovers from all parts of the country.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: Gwalior is connected by Indian Airlines to Bombay, Bhopal, Indore, and Delhi.

By Rail: Gwalior is on the main Delhi-Bombay and Delhi-Madras rail link. Among major trains, the Taj and Shatabdi Express connect Gwalior with Delhi and Agra. Gwalior is well linked with Agra (118 km), Mathura, Jaipur (350 km), Delhi (321 km), Lucknow, Bhopal (423 km), Chanderi (239 km), Indore (486 km), Jhansi (101 km), Khajuraho (275 km), Ujjain (455 km), and Shivpuri (114 km).

By Road: The most common and cheapest way of moving around the city is the six-seater auto-rickshaws. Taxis are also available so are mini buses.

Jhansi - Land of the Gallant Queen

Jhansi is not only the most important city in Bundelkhand region but also one of the most important in entire Uttar Pradesh. The city has lots of historical, cultural and heritage value attached to it. The city has actually become synonymous to the Rani of Jhansi, Lakshmi Bai and the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857.

The city is known for its resistance against the British in 1857. In fact, wherever you go in the city, you will find some or other place or monument that reminds of the bloodbath of 1857. Jhansi Fort that is situated a kilometer off to the town was the seat of the siege that followed the revolt. It was here that the 12th Native Regiment of the Royal British Armed Force stated the mutiny by ruthlessly murdering the British Resident and citizens of the Fort. Close by is Rani Mahal that was the seat of various conspiracies that were hatched by Lakshmi Bai, Tantya Tope and Nana Sahib.

The city is situated amidst 3 National highways namely NH 25, NH 26 and NH 3 and thus is well connected to the rest of India. The city is growing as the heartland of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh that has for long been infested by bandits and goons. The hard life of people in this region is hardened more by the lack of water and arable land thanks to the semi-arid climate and a topography ridden by "Gully erosion". These are some of the reasons behind the backwardness of this area that has extremely good tourism prospects.

HISTORY
Not much of Jhansi’s history before the 9th century is known. The city was first ruled by the kings of Rajput Chandela dynasty belonging to Khajuraho. Their rule was followed by the Khangars who are known to have built the fort of Karar, located in the town’s vicinity.

In the 14th century, the Bundelas gained the control of the reign and it was then that the name Bundelkhand was allotted to the area. The popular Fortress of Jhansi was built by the Orchha rulers in the year 1610. Legends have it that the name of the city was christened as Jhansi, when King Orchha saw a shadow on a mound and uttered the word – Jhain si (meaning a shadow).

The city was frequented by Mughals, Chhatrasal and the Marathas. The history of Jhansi reiterates the velour and audacity of Rani Laxmibai. She was the widow of a childless king, who was not allowed to adopt an heir (a popular custom in that time) by the British.

In the year 1817 the Peshwas of Pune handed over the reigns of Jhansi to the East India Company. However, the lack of an heir gave the British a right over the throne to which Lakshmi Bai protested. As a result, she was suppressed. She did not lose hope and planned on avenging the British.

She actively participated in the revolt of 1857 and died as a martyr on June 17th 1958. Her contribution in India’s independence is considered very important. The rule of Jhansi came under the British Empire in the year 1886 and it was then, that the British gained complete control over it.

It was added to the United Province which was rechristened as Uttar Pradesh in 1947, after India’s independence.

WEATHER
Jhansi is situated in the North-Central India and thus experiences a climate that ranges from warm subtropical to Semi-arid in nature. The city witnesses a chilly but dry winters that persists from December to February. The maximum temperature remains around 24°C where as the minimum hovers in the range of 3-4°C. The city experience very little of fog but one can find a layer of smog in late winters.

Summers in Jhansi are hot and humid with mercury rising up to 45°C in daytime. Evenings are relatively cooler. Hot dry winds called “Loo” blow during the summer. These can prove fatal at times

Due to its location in a semi-arid region of Bundelkhand, Jhansi receives about 50 cm of annual rainfall mostly from the Southwest monsoon winds between July and September.

Jhansi is an important tourist destination in Uttar Pradesh and is known for its insight in to the life and History of the Bundelkhand region. The place has also gained prominence because of its relation with Jhansi ki Rani, Lakshmi Bai and the Great Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. The city offers quite a few attractions that are a must visit for every tourist. These are as follows: -

PLACES OF TOURIST INTEREST
Jhansi Fort: Jhansi Fort is not only one of the best-fortified areas in Uttar Pradesh but also one of the best fortified in India. Raja Bir Singh Deo of Orchha commissioned this fort in the early 17th century. The fort was earlier built on the top of the hillock in order to act as an army stronghold and garrison but was later modified in to residential quarters.

Jhansi Museum: The Jhansi museum is located in the Jhansi Fort itself. The Jhansi museum is a not-to-be-missed tourist destination in Jhansi. The museum not only gives an insight to the history and heritage of Jhansi but whole of Bundelkhand region. The museum also gives a deep insight in to the life of Chandela dynasty. Among others, The Jhansi Museum houses weapons, statues, dresses and photographs that represent the Chandela dynasty.

Rani Mahal: Rani Mahal of Jhansi was actually the palace of Lakshmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi. The palace of Lakshmi Bai has now been converted in to a museum that treasures the memory of Rani Lakshmi Bai as well as the archeological remains of 9th to 12th century that has been excavated and unearthed recently.


EXCURSIONS AROUND JHANSI
There are quite a few excursion destinations around Jhansi. These excursion spots have historical and heritage value attached to them. Nearly all these sites are in a range of 70-80 Kilometers from Jhansi and that is why you need not stay there for the night. Following are some of the major excursions around Jhansi: -

Chitrakoot: This religious town falls between Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and is famous because it was home to Tulsi Das, the composer of Ramcharitmanas. The town that is situated amidst hills boasts of several temples and relics related to the life and times of Lord Rama. Notable among these are Sphatik Shila, Hanuman Dhara, Ram Ghat and Janki Kund

Barua Sagar: Barua Sagar is located just 24 kilometers from the city of Jhansi. This otherwise sleepy village rose to prominence because of some of the historical events that marked this place in 18th century. Barua Sagar is a spot where the local Budels took on the mighty Maratha Empire in the year 1744 A.D. The place is named after the Barua Sagar Tal, a large lake created over 250 years ago when Raja Udit Singh of Orchha built the embankment. The place is also famous for a magnificent fort. The fort commands an excellent view of the lake and surrounding landscape.

Parichha: Parichha that is situated 25 odd kilometers from Jhansi is an interesting excursion location around Jhansi. The place is famous for a dam that has been built on the Betwa River. The area is rich in scenic beauty. A good sighting spot from the dam gives a marvelous view of Betwa River and its reservoir. The reservoir is ideal for water sports such as white water surfing.

Samthar: Samthar is situated 65 kilometers from downtown Jhansi. The place that was formerly called Samshergarh was an independent estate during the periods of turmoil that stretched all through 17th and 18th century. The place was ruled and defended by valiant Gujjar warriors. There are quite a few places that are in depleted condition due to lack of maintenance. The place can be visited for some good frescos that are done on the outer as well as inner walls of the palaces.

Orchha: 18 km from Jhansi, Orchha is a city, frozen in time. It was founded in the 16th century by the Bundela chieftain, Rudra Pratap Singh, who built this new capital on a large wooded island, on the river Betwa. Today, remains of the fort and palaces speak eloquently of Orchha’s time of glory, of its splendid legacy of art and culture.

Todi-Fatehpur: The place is 50 kilometers from Jhansi and is considered a good excursion destination. The place boasts off a palace that covers an area of 5 acres. This palace cum force is built on a hillock and is surrounded by three massive stonewalls.

HOW TO REACH JHANSI
By Air: The nearest airport from Jhansi is Gwalior that is at the distance of 100 kilometers from the city. It is well connected to cities like Delhi, Varanasi, Mumbai and Bangalore etc. Nearly all the major Public as well as private carriers’ offers their service to and from the city of Agra

By Rail: Jhansi is well connected to the major cities of India. Jhansi Cantonment Railway Station is the main Railway station in the city. Regular expresses as well as super-fast trains are available to destinations like Delhi, Varanasi, Jaipur, Lucknow, Mumbai and Kolkata. Book the tickets in advance to avoid rush.

By Road: Jhansi is well connected to the cities like Mathura, Delhi, Chandigarh, Kanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi, Agra, Chitrakoot, etc. Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation plies several buses to these cities. Various privately run luxury buses are also available. Jhansi falls on National Highway No. 25 and 26 that in turn are linked by a good network of roads.

Jabalpur - City of the Rocks

Situated in the heart of Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur is one of the largest and most important cities in the state. It is located on the banks of Holy River of Narmada and is around 336 km from Bhopal. Jabalpur has served as a capital to many ruling dynasties like Kalchuri and Gond. After 1817, Jabalpur was under the control of British who made it the commission headquarters of Narmada territory. The city is covered with mountains from all sides thus deriving its name from an Arab word ‘Jabal’, which means mountain. This shows that there should have been a trade link between Arabs and the city. You will also find many graves of Arab that further strengthens this. Another belief goes that a famous Sage named 'Jabali' lived here giving it the name Jabalpur. Jabalpur covers an area of 154 sq. km. The city has become world famous due to the presence of Marble Rocks on the outskirts. Jabalpur is also the closest to Kanha National Park and Bandhavgarh National Park that give the city an extra edge over other parts of Madhya Pradesh.

The temperature here in summers in the high thirties making travel in the city a bit uncomfortable for unprepared tourist. However monsoon season and winters are extremely pleasant for exploring the many attractions in the city. Shopping in the city is really an unforgettable experience as you get to buy things that you will probably not get anywhere else in India. The market places in the city have an olden time charm about them. Shop for locally made jute crafts, dress material with stunning zadosi embroidery and silver wares.

TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
Attractions in Jabalpur literally cover everything from natural splendors to imposing monuments, from museums to historically important places. Jabalpur is a complete tourist package that mesmerizes one and all who come to this unique city.

Madan Mahal Fort: This 900 year old fort dominates the skyline of Jabalpur. Built by the Gond king, Madan Shah in the year 1116, it rests atop a rocky cliff. Madan Mahal Fort offers some enthralling views of the low-lying vistas below. Atypical of ancient forts, this edifice does not display any ornamental artwork or sculptured embellishments. It is the sheer simplicity of the fort that overwhelms one with a sense of calm and makes it worth a visit.

Rani Durgavati Memorial and Museum: Built in the year 1964, to commemorate Queen Durgavati, Rani Durgavati Memorial and Museum is a storehouse of various treasured relics. The museum is home to precious miscellanies like ancient sculptures and rare manuscripts. Antique idols of Gods and Goddesses that dates back to the 10th century are also preserved in the place. A section of the museum is completely set aside, to store objects and artifacts related to the life of Mahatma Gandhi.

Pisan Hari Jain Temples / Pisan Hari Ka Mandir: This cluster of ancient Jain temples, believed to be nearly 150 years old, is set atop a hillock, 7 km from the city of Jabalpur. Located near the Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, these temples owe their name to a poor lady. The word 'Pisan' in Hindi means 'to grind'. It is believed that the lady initiated the construction of the temples, with the money earned from milling flour. Today, the temples form a major tourist attraction of Jabalpur, mainly because of their beauty and religious connotation.

Sangram Sagar and Bajnamath: These medieval constructions were erected under the imperial regime of the famous Gond King, Sangram Shah. Built in a time span that stretches from 1480 to 1540, these ancient buildings stand at a distance of 15 km from the main city of Jabalpur. Their imposing stance is worth a sight. Aquatic birds like red crested pochards, coots and pin-tailed ducks waddle in the nearby Sangram Sagar Lake and add to the attraction of the place.

Chausat Yogini Temple: Positioned at the top of a hill and approached by a long stairway, Chausat Yogini Temple is dedicated to Goddess Durga. The temple, with its elevated location, offers some breathtaking views of the Narmada River and the marble-crowned landscape. This 10th century temple has deftly carved stone idols of Hindu deities, belonging to the Kalchuri period. According to legends, it has a secret underground passageway that links to Queen Durgavati's palace.

Tilwara Ghat: Located 12 km from the Jabalpur Railway Station, Tilwara Ghat is one of the places from where Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were immersed. It sites on the holy bank of the Narmada and is famous for being the venue of the open session of the Tripuri Congress in 1939. An ancient Mahadev temple (Tilwadeshwar) is located here and draws many visitors to the place. Some of its nearby attractions include Mala Devi Mandir, Pariyat Tank, Bargi Dam, Lamheta Ghat and Roopnath Lingam.

PLACES AROUND JABALPUR
Marble Rocks: Just 21 km west of Jabalpur, is a small village called Bhedaghat. The village is world famous for splendid Marble Rocks on the banks of Narmada River. Covered with dark volcanic seams of green and black, they tower to almost 100 ft above the soft flowing Narmada on either side. They are fabulous to look at during the daytime when sun sparkles on the pure white surfaces of these rocks. During the night as well, they give you a mesmerizing view under the moonlit skies. The Marble Rocks have been considered as one of the thousand places that you should see before you die. The best way to enjoy the sheer charm of these rocks is by taking a boat ride in Narmada.

Kanha National Park: 160 km southeast of Jabalpur, is famous for tigers and leopards. One can also see sambhar, chital, barasingha (different species of deer) and gaur (Indian bison). It is also famous for wildlife safaris and for bird watching.

Bandhavgarh National park: 197 km northeast of Jabalpur, is located amidst the Vindhya ranges. Though it is much smaller than Kanha, it has a higher density of wild cats.

SHOPPING
The Arab of India, Jabalpur is a merger of the terra firma flavour and the contemporary shopping hubs. They have the old bazaar that displays the traditional handicrafts and the ethnic collection of the state, and the glassy shopping malls satisfy the vision of even the most ardent shopper. Shopping in Jabalpur is a special experience that will surely take you to the higher grade. When you are in Jabalpur first try to indulge into buying something that is invaluable and posh and the answer to your search will definitely be the exclusive traditional artifacts of the state that includes the toys and terracotta items. You should not miss buying the Chanderi and Maheshwari saris that are an exclusive of Jabalpur, and due to modern influence losing its due importance. The crafts of Jute and the silver and brass ware items should also be purchased. Go to Mrignayani, which is a government emporium for handicrafts especially jute items. The old bazaars in Jabalpur are the ideal place for the antiques and other items that are traditional. The vociferous chowks and the strident Galis are the perfect way to buy inexpensive items.

GETTING THERE
By Air: Jabalpur has its own domestic airport and receives regular flights from Delhi, Bhopal and other major cities of India.

By Rail: Jabalpur railhead is situated on the main Mumbai-Howrah line and most trains on this line have a stop here. There are overnight trains running from Kolkata, Bangalore, Mumbai and Delhi.

By Road: Transport Buses from almost all cities of Madhya Pradesh frequent to Jabalpur. Some private transport operators also have their luxury and semi-luxury coaches plying in and out of the city.

Guwahati

Guwahati was formerly known as Pragjyotishpur (the City of Eastern Light). Its etymological root is derived from two Assamese words, "Guwa," meaning areca nut and "Haat," meaning market. Couched between the picturesque hills of the eastern flanks of the Himalayan mountain range, Guwahati houses the political capital of the state, Dispur. The gateway to the seven other northeastern states, Guwahati is a vital tourist link point, besides being an attraction in itself.

LOCATION
Situated on the banks of the mighty Brahmaputra, at an altitude of 55 meters above sea level, Guwahati is the junction of three important roads, National Highways 31, 37 and 40. It is split into two parts by the river and North Guwahati is almost a separate town. One can visit it via the Saraighat Bridge or by the ferries that ply on the river. The nearest important city is Calcutta (1182 km), while the capitals of the other northeastern states are at distances varying from 110 km to 650 km. The city experiences an annual rainfall of 180 cm (from May to September). While summer temperatures range from 22 to 38°C, in winters the mercury ranges from 10 to 25°C. The best time to visit this cosmopolitan city is from October to April.

HISTORY
There is magical aura that still lingers over the ever-expanding city. The demon king Narkasura is said to have built this ancient city. Another reason for Guwahati's charm is its being the ancient 'Kamrup', the birthplace of Kamdeva, the God of Love.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Guwahati is particularly famous for its Kamakhya temple situated atop the Nilachal hill, at a distance of 10 km from the railway station. Noted to be the most sacred among the tantrik shrines of Shakti worship in the world, Kamakhya, was built in the 10th century by the Koch king, Naranarayan. It is a common practice here to offer animal sacrifice to appease the Goddess. Above Kamakhya is another small temple, Bhubaneshwari, from where one can have a bird's eye view of the city.

The Shiva temple of Umananda, reached by motor boats and public ferries from Umananda Ghat, stands on an island in the middle of the Brahmaputra.

Atop another hill in east Guwahati is the Navagraha temple-the "temple of the nine planets,"- an ancient seat of astrology and astronomy. Housed in a red beehive-shaped dome, the central lingam is encircled by further nine representing the planets (graha)-Sun (Surya, Ravi), Moon (Chandra, Soma), Mercury (Buddh), Venus (Sukra), Mars (Mangal), Jupiter (Brhaspati) and Saturn (Sani). Two more were added, Rahu and Ketu, the dragon's head and the dragon's tail, or the ascending and descending nodes of the moon.

Nearby, there is the Vashistha Ashram, an interesting old shrine, with plenty of verdure and three beautiful streams, Lalita, Kanta and Sandhya. It is at a distance of 12 km from the railway station and is said to have been the abode of sage Vashistha. Several other temples like the Ugratara temple, famous for its golden idol and buffalo sacrifices, are also strewn across the city.

Besides these religious sites, one must visit the Guwahati Zoo, which is the largest natural zoo of the country. The various museums-the State Museum, Anthropological Museum, Forest Museum, and Cottage Industries Museum-are treasure houses of Assam's rich cultural past. The Guwahati planetarium, located on MG Road, is one of the finest in the country.

To complete one's tour of Guwahati, one must visit the Srimanta Sankardev Kalakshetra. Built in the 1990's, this modern complex at Panjabari provides a one-stop review of the artistic excellence of the region.

PLACES AROUND GUWAHATI
The Manas wildlife sanctuary, 176 km from the city, is situated on the banks of river Manas. It is the only tiger project of its kind in Assam.

Pabitora, a small wildlife sanctuary, 60 km from Guwahati is also worth a visit. Rhino and various species of deer abound here.

Hajo, 25 km west of Guwahati, is a sacred place for Hindus, Muslims and Buddhists. The town also boasts the Hayagriba Madhava Temple, accessible via a long stone stairway. At the foot of the stairway is a large pond inhabited by one of Hajo's oldest residents: a giant turtle. Hajo is also renowned for its bell metal work.

Chandubi, 64 km from the city, is a natural lagoon and a fine picnic spot, 64 km from Guwahati. The
lake is a perfect holiday resort, with ample fishing and rowing opportunities.

Madan Kamdev, about 35 km from Guwahati, is famous for its impressive archeological ruins and the Durga temple dating back to the 11th and 12th centuries.

Sualkuchi, 32 km from Guwahati, is a village where almost all the inhabitants are weavers, involved in the traditional art of silk weaving.

Tezpur is 181 km east of Guwahati, and is a town of both historic importance and adventure sports.

Barpeta, 185 km from Guwahati, is notable for the monastery and shrine dedicated to the Vaishnavite saint, Sankardeva.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
The most notable festival here is the Bohag Bihu, which marks the beginning of the Assamese New Year and falls sometime in mid-April. Various local delicacies like pithas, larus, and other sweetmeats are available then. All these preparations are strictly vegetarian. The Durga Puja, celebrated in the month of October, is another major festival. In the months of June-July, there is the famous Ambubashi Mela at Kamakhya temple that attracts thousands of pilgrims from all over the country.

HOW TO REACH
There are regular flight services to Guwahati from Delhi, Kolkata, Imphal, Agartala, Aizawl, Dibrugarh and Jorhat. The busy and overcrowded Paltan Bazar railway station is the destination for many trains from every corner of India.