India Luxury Car

Gurgaon

2010-12-10T03:33:00.000-08:00

Located in the National Capital Region, Gurgaon is one of the most rapidly growing cities in Greater Delhi. In the last few years Gurgaon has boomed as the hub of IT and other new-age businesses. One of Delhi’s four major satellite cities, Gurgaon has of late been settled by several people due to the flourishing industrial scenario.

Having derived its name from Guru-Gram, Gurgaon has a legend behind it stating that it was an ancestral village presented by Kauravas and Pandavas to their guru Dronacharya. Apart from the Gurgaon city, the other smaller towns in the district include Nuh, Ferozepur Jhirka, Sohna, and Pataudi. These places offer ample good quality accommodation options. In fact, a motel at Sohna provides air-conditioned quarters for comfortable stay for the tourists. A four-bed dormitory, family huts and simple camping huts are available according to the budget schemes of various tourists. The Statesman Vintage Car Rally held in February every year is one of the major events that take place here.

Having grown into one of the largest and chic IT hubs of India in the last few years, Gurgaon evokes a lot of curiosity in the minds of the tourists and the corporate world. People want to know more about Gurgaon and its people. Situated in the National Capital Region, it is one of the fastest developing cities in Greater Delhi. Of late Gurgaon has flourished as the center of Information Technology and other new-age businesses. One of Delhi’s four major satellite cities, Gurgaon has of late been settled by several people due to the flourishing industrial scenario.

History
Legend about Gurgaon says that it was an ancestral village gifted by the Pandavas and the Kauravas to their teacher Dronacharya. This is believed to be the place where Dronacharya gave lessons on archery to the Pandavas. During the Medieval period, it underwent several ups and downs at the hands of Muslim Rulers. It was towards the end of 1803 that the East India Company took over control of Gurgaon through a treaty signed by Surji Arjungaon. The battle of Indian freedom saw active participation of the several people of Gurgaon.

Climate and clothing in Gurgaon
Dry and hot summers with temperatures reaching as high as 45°C and chilly winters which range between 21° C and 7° C mark the climatic conditions of Gurgaon. However, the monsoons from July to September bring considerable respite. Prefer carrying along with you light cotton clothes in summers and light woolens in the winters.

Tourist Attractions
Tourist attractions in Gurgaon are plenty. Although primarily a commercial city, Gurgaon is home to quite a number of interesting tourist sites. For instance, the Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary, at a distance of 16 km from the town, is an ideal place for ardent bird watchers and bird lovers. Home to over 100 species of birds, and founded by Dr. Salim Ali, the sanctuary preserves important species like Saras, crane, spot bill, ruddy duck, and rosy pelicans. A visit during winters (November-February) when many migratory birds fly to this place will be thoroughly exciting. The bird sanctuary is also home to hide outs, watch towers and a museum to provide for the desires of an inquisitive tourist or a wildlife enthusiast. Guest rooms, restaurant, family cottages, bar, hide outs, water towers and catering wing, are there for bird watchers and tourists.

Another of the interesting sites in one of the newly developed tourist destinations in India is the Sheetala Devi Temple. Situated one and a half kilometers in the outskirts of Gurgaon near a pond, this famous Hindu temple is also called ‘Shakti Peeth’. The deity worshipped here is of Mata Sheetala Devi - the goddess of small-pox. It is visited by a large number of pilgrims of all religions and beliefs.

The Damdama Lake, located a few kilometers to the south of Gurgaon off Alwar road is a wonderful tourist spot. The adventure resort called Water Banks provides deluxe tents along the lake. Boating facilities and hot air ballooning are available here. Damdama Lake, south of Gurgaon, offers picnic spots, boating and rides on hot air balloons.

Nuh, a town, around 45km away, on Delhi-Alwar road, became a place of note during the rule of Bahadur Singh of Ghasera, due to its popularity in the salt trade. Here you can visit a masonry tank made of red sandstone, the tomb of Sheikh Musa, which is a blend of Muslim and Rajput architectural styles, and the shaking towers.

Other activities
Other than visiting the sightseeing options you can also indulge in a shopping spree at the shopping sites in the unofficial Mall Capital of India. Malls in gurgaon have become the ultimate shopping destinations for local customers. They have everything to offer to their visitors from restaurants, pubs and bars to international brands to electronic gadgets to foot wears. Customer can save time and money by visiting these malls of Gurgaon. These malls provide lots of variety to choose; from jewellery to apparels to gifts and accessories to art gallery to home and furnishings etc. The progress of the retail stores in these shopping malls of Gurgaon shows that the future of these shopping malls in Gurgaon is bright especially when the city is ready to accommodate n number of residents.

How to Reach Gurgaon
By Air: Indira Gandhi International Airport, at New Delhi, 10 km away from Gurgaon is the nearest airport from this city.

By Rail: Regular train services connect Gurgaon to all parts of the country. The Gurgaon railway station is situated towards the end of the city and links Rewari on one side and Delhi on the other.

By Road: The state transport bus services linking Gurgaon to the adjacent cities within and around the state are commendable options of road transport. Also, private taxis, buses, metered auto-rickshaws, and state buses are comfortably accessible.

Gorakhpur

2010-12-10T01:15:00.000-08:00

Gorakhpur, the city of Handlooms and Gita Press, is situated in the north-eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. It is merely 90 Km from Nepal border, hence it becomes a halt for people travelling cross borders. It is also close to Kushinagar, one of the most sacred pilgrimages for Buddhists.

AN INTRODUCTION
Gorakhpur is small city in the north of Uttar Pradesh. The city is known for its proximity to Kushinagar and Nepal. Situated on the banks of river Rapti and Rohini at a height of 77 m from the sea level, Gorakhpur was earlier known as Ramgram and used to be the capital of the Koliyas in the ancient days. Gorakhpur got its name after famous saint Gorakhnath, who flourished here and blessed people with his teachings. Buddha is also said to have visited this place and moved to Kushinagar from Gorakhpur. Gorakhpur was also an important centre for activities of freedom fighters. Famous 'Chauri-Chaura' incident took place here, where 19 British policemen were burnt inside the police station. Currently Gorakhpur enjoys a peaceful environ, with people from different communities living in harmony. The city is a hub of the Handloom products. Gita Press, world famous publisher of Hindu religious books, is also from Gorakhpur. A naturopathy hospital, Arogya Mandir, once the second largest of its kind in Asia, is also situated in Gorakhpur.

PLACE OF INTEREST
Gorakhnath Temple: The Gorakhnath temple is dedicated to saint Gorakhnath of 12th century, who gave Gorakhpur its name. The temple is an architecture delight. It evokes a strong sense of devotion in the devotees. The vast temple complex houses many small temples. Presiding deity of the temple is Saint Gorakhnath. His seat, where he used to preach, has been converted to the shrine.

Gita Press: The Gita Press building is as beautiful as are its publications. Famous globally, the Gita press publishes religious books of Hindu religion. The press is beautifully designed in form of a temple. All 18 parts of "Shri Madbhagwat Gita" are written on marble walls. Other wall hangings and paintings reveal the events of life of Lord Rama & Krishna. All sorts of Hindu religious books and handloom-textiles are sold here on subsidised rates.

Arogya Mandir: The Arogya Mandir is a naturopathy centre. The treatment centre was established in 1940 and for many years it was the largest naturopathy centre in India. It is known for the large buildings and lush green surroundings.

EXCURSIONS
Kushinagar: 51 Km from Gorakhpur is Kushinagar, where Budha attained salvation. He delivered his last sermon in this city. Kushinagar is as holy as Bodhgaya and Nalanda, as Budha spent his last days in the town. Many temples, monuments, buildings have been built by the governments of China, Japan, Thailand and Sri Lanka.

Kapilavastu: 97 Km north of Gorakhpur, Kapilvastu is now being developed as an International Buddhist Pilgrimage Centre. Here, Lord Buddha spent 29 years of his early life. There is big stupa, from where the relics of Buddha were discovered during excavations. Ruins of monasteries & palaces can be seen at Ganvaria. There are some other religious places of worship, the Shiv Temple, Narahi, Kubernath and Palta Devi being few of them.

GETTING THERE
By Air: Gorakhpur civil airport is 8 Km from city centre. It has flights on regular basis to Delhi, Varanasi, Lucknow and Kolkata.

By Rail: Gorakhpur is well connected with all major tourist-centers of India.

By Road: Gorakhpur falls on NH 28 and 29. The roadways network connects Gorakhpur to the cities of Uttar Pradesh and to other cities of India. Some important distances are: Lucknow 276 Km, Varanasi 231 Km, Allahabad 139 Km, Agra 624 Km, Delhi 783 Km and Mumbai 1690 Km.

Gwalior

2010-12-09T22:35:00.000-08:00

Situated in the state of Madhya Pradesh, around 321 km from Delhi, Gwalior holds a special position in the chapter of Indian history. Gwalior got its name from a famous saint Gwalipa who cured the Kachwaha clan chieftain from Leprosy. The history of Gwalior dates back to 8th century. Due to its position right between north India and south India, the city was captured many times by different dynasties like Tomars, Lodhis, Mughals and Marathas to gain power of this strategic location. Many battles have been fought on this soil and numerous heroes have been lost here. This princely state still retains its royalty with Scindias having their dynastic seat here. This city now is seen as a symbol of valor, strength, and glory. You can visit this state at any time of the year however October to March season is the best. Summers in the city are a bit harsh as the temperature can easily sore above the 40 C mark. Similarly the winters here are a bit nippy with temperature dropping to single digits regularly.

The city is quite famous for the Tansen Music Festival that is held here every year in the month of November and December. Many renowned prodigies of classical music perform here attracting huge number of music lovers. The festival takes place at the famous Tansen Memorial. When you are exploring the charms of Gwalior, shop for exquisite handicrafts and antique showpieces that are great memorabilia to take home. There are many government run shops inside the Gwalior fort as well which offer a huge variety.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The climate of Gwalior is extreme with hot summers and cold winters. The maximum temperature during the summer months can touch as high as 46°C, while in the winters it can go down to below 5°C. Monsoon starts from the first week of June and remains there till August/September.

HISTORY
According to a legend, Gwalior derives its name from a great sage Gwalipa who cured a chief of the Kachwaha clan suffering from leprosy.

Gwalior's strategic position between north and south India made it an important possession and was captured by several ruling houses. The first historical holders of the city were the Huns. Between 11th to 14th century AD, Gwalior came under the influence of Kachwaha Rajputs, the Pratiharas, Qutub-ud-din Aibak, and Iltutmish, and remained under Muslim possession until 1398. Under the Tomars, whose most important king was Man Singh (1486-1517), Gwalior rose to prominence. Gwalior was finally surrendered to Ibrahim Lodhi in 1518. Held in succession by the Mughals, Jats, Marathas and the British, Gwalior was finally handed over to Jiyaji Rao Scindia at a formal durbar in 1885. The Scindias were the last ruling family of Gwalior and are still influential in the political arena of India.

Today, the city is also famous for the educational institutions like Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Travel and Tourism Management, Scindia School, and Laxmibai National Institute of Physical Education attracting students from every nook and corner of the country.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
The mighty Gwalior Fort was built in the 15th century by Raja Mansingh Tomar on a hilltop that overlooks the city. The outer wall of the fort stands two miles in length and 35 m in height. A steep road winds upwards to the fort, flanked by statues of the Jain Tirthankaras, carved into the rock face.

Man Mandir is the Fort's piece de resistance. The palace built by Man Singh Tomar is a delicate structure exhibiting a sense of joy and abandon through use of color, motif, and design. There are chambers for affairs of state as well as those for relaxation, adorned appropriately and ornately with carved animals, flowers, and the human form.

If Man Mandir reflects Man Singh's aesthetic sensibilities, Gujari Mahal speaks of his love. The courage and beauty of Mrignayani and her love with Raja Mansingh are now a part of popular folk tradition. The palace has been now converted in a museum and houses very good collection of Jain and Hindu artifacts.

Contrasting with the predominant north Indian style of architecture is the Teli-ka-Mandir. This temple is believed to the oldest in the Fort, built in the ninth century and Dravidian in form. The sculptures are distinctly north Indian. Some believed it was so named because it was built in the Telangana style; others say this was because it was built by telis (oil merchants). A more recent study ascribes it to Telap Raj, a prime minister of the region.

The Sas-Bahu temples, in another part of the Fort, are not, as people believe, dedicated to a mother-in-law (Sas) and daughter-in-law (Bahu). Sas-Bahu is the name traditionally given to two adjoining temples of different sizes. The larger of the two is profusely sculpted with graceful figures and intricate patterns. This is more apparent in the interior where, above the sculpted walls and pillars, an elaborately carved lotus adorns the roof.

The chhatris, memorials to former Scindia rulers, are executed in the typical Bundelkhandi style with conical spires and heavily carved exteriors.

At another point in the city is the tomb of Mohammad Ghaus. Although of little importance from a historical perspective, the sheer beauty of the tomb is breathtaking. The stone carving for which the skilled artisans of Gwalior were justly famous is apparent in the huge panels of lacy screen work, which combine with an interesting architectural design to create a delicate, ethereal appeal.

Adjacent is a small white, austere tomb. This is the memorial to Tansen, a famed musician, and one of the nine gems of the Mughal emperor Akbar's court.

Much of modern Gwalior is associated with the Scindias who were prolific builders. The Jai Vilas Palace at Lashkar is an opulent Italianate structure, set in carefully laid lawns. Part of the palace is used as a residence for the family while the other has been converted into a museum that effectively documents a more leisurely and princely lifestyle. The museum exhibits, consisting of collections of the Scindia family, include such things as chandeliers weighing several tons, a silver toy train whose wagons were used as serving dishes and a glass cradle from Italy used for the Lord Krishna at Janmashtami.

Other important tourist attractions in the city are Surya Mandir (sun temple), a replica of the famed Konark Sun Temple in Orissa, Baija Taal cultural complex, museum of the freedom fighters, and Kala Vithika.

PLACES AROUND GWALIOR
Shivpuri (112 km) on the Agra-Bombay Road is famous for its Madhav National Park and the Chhatris (memorials to former rulers).

Orchha (120 km), former capital of the Bundela Rajputs, has interesting palaces and temples. Other interesting places include Datia (69 km), Marwar (122 km), and Pawaya (68 km).

Chanderi (239 km) is a well-preserved medieval town famed for the craft of sari weaving, with beautiful structures executed in the Bundelkhandi style.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
Tansen Music Festival is held every winter in the months of November/December. The festival is a major cultural event, drawing prominent performers and music lovers from all parts of the country.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: Gwalior is connected by Indian Airlines to Bombay, Bhopal, Indore, and Delhi.

By Rail: Gwalior is on the main Delhi-Bombay and Delhi-Madras rail link. Among major trains, the Taj and Shatabdi Express connect Gwalior with Delhi and Agra. Gwalior is well linked with Agra (118 km), Mathura, Jaipur (350 km), Delhi (321 km), Lucknow, Bhopal (423 km), Chanderi (239 km), Indore (486 km), Jhansi (101 km), Khajuraho (275 km), Ujjain (455 km), and Shivpuri (114 km).

By Road: The most common and cheapest way of moving around the city is the six-seater auto-rickshaws. Taxis are also available so are mini buses.

Jhansi - Land of the Gallant Queen

2010-12-09T21:41:00.000-08:00

Jhansi is not only the most important city in Bundelkhand region but also one of the most important in entire Uttar Pradesh. The city has lots of historical, cultural and heritage value attached to it. The city has actually become synonymous to the Rani of Jhansi, Lakshmi Bai and the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857.

The city is known for its resistance against the British in 1857. In fact, wherever you go in the city, you will find some or other place or monument that reminds of the bloodbath of 1857. Jhansi Fort that is situated a kilometer off to the town was the seat of the siege that followed the revolt. It was here that the 12th Native Regiment of the Royal British Armed Force stated the mutiny by ruthlessly murdering the British Resident and citizens of the Fort. Close by is Rani Mahal that was the seat of various conspiracies that were hatched by Lakshmi Bai, Tantya Tope and Nana Sahib.

The city is situated amidst 3 National highways namely NH 25, NH 26 and NH 3 and thus is well connected to the rest of India. The city is growing as the heartland of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh that has for long been infested by bandits and goons. The hard life of people in this region is hardened more by the lack of water and arable land thanks to the semi-arid climate and a topography ridden by "Gully erosion". These are some of the reasons behind the backwardness of this area that has extremely good tourism prospects.

HISTORY
Not much of Jhansi’s history before the 9th century is known. The city was first ruled by the kings of Rajput Chandela dynasty belonging to Khajuraho. Their rule was followed by the Khangars who are known to have built the fort of Karar, located in the town’s vicinity.

In the 14th century, the Bundelas gained the control of the reign and it was then that the name Bundelkhand was allotted to the area. The popular Fortress of Jhansi was built by the Orchha rulers in the year 1610. Legends have it that the name of the city was christened as Jhansi, when King Orchha saw a shadow on a mound and uttered the word – Jhain si (meaning a shadow).

The city was frequented by Mughals, Chhatrasal and the Marathas. The history of Jhansi reiterates the velour and audacity of Rani Laxmibai. She was the widow of a childless king, who was not allowed to adopt an heir (a popular custom in that time) by the British.

In the year 1817 the Peshwas of Pune handed over the reigns of Jhansi to the East India Company. However, the lack of an heir gave the British a right over the throne to which Lakshmi Bai protested. As a result, she was suppressed. She did not lose hope and planned on avenging the British.

She actively participated in the revolt of 1857 and died as a martyr on June 17th 1958. Her contribution in India’s independence is considered very important. The rule of Jhansi came under the British Empire in the year 1886 and it was then, that the British gained complete control over it.

It was added to the United Province which was rechristened as Uttar Pradesh in 1947, after India’s independence.

WEATHER
Jhansi is situated in the North-Central India and thus experiences a climate that ranges from warm subtropical to Semi-arid in nature. The city witnesses a chilly but dry winters that persists from December to February. The maximum temperature remains around 24°C where as the minimum hovers in the range of 3-4°C. The city experience very little of fog but one can find a layer of smog in late winters.

Summers in Jhansi are hot and humid with mercury rising up to 45°C in daytime. Evenings are relatively cooler. Hot dry winds called “Loo” blow during the summer. These can prove fatal at times

Due to its location in a semi-arid region of Bundelkhand, Jhansi receives about 50 cm of annual rainfall mostly from the Southwest monsoon winds between July and September.

Jhansi is an important tourist destination in Uttar Pradesh and is known for its insight in to the life and History of the Bundelkhand region. The place has also gained prominence because of its relation with Jhansi ki Rani, Lakshmi Bai and the Great Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. The city offers quite a few attractions that are a must visit for every tourist. These are as follows: -

PLACES OF TOURIST INTEREST
Jhansi Fort: Jhansi Fort is not only one of the best-fortified areas in Uttar Pradesh but also one of the best fortified in India. Raja Bir Singh Deo of Orchha commissioned this fort in the early 17th century. The fort was earlier built on the top of the hillock in order to act as an army stronghold and garrison but was later modified in to residential quarters.

Jhansi Museum: The Jhansi museum is located in the Jhansi Fort itself. The Jhansi museum is a not-to-be-missed tourist destination in Jhansi. The museum not only gives an insight to the history and heritage of Jhansi but whole of Bundelkhand region. The museum also gives a deep insight in to the life of Chandela dynasty. Among others, The Jhansi Museum houses weapons, statues, dresses and photographs that represent the Chandela dynasty.

Rani Mahal: Rani Mahal of Jhansi was actually the palace of Lakshmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi. The palace of Lakshmi Bai has now been converted in to a museum that treasures the memory of Rani Lakshmi Bai as well as the archeological remains of 9th to 12th century that has been excavated and unearthed recently.

EXCURSIONS AROUND JHANSI
There are quite a few excursion destinations around Jhansi. These excursion spots have historical and heritage value attached to them. Nearly all these sites are in a range of 70-80 Kilometers from Jhansi and that is why you need not stay there for the night. Following are some of the major excursions around Jhansi: -

Chitrakoot: This religious town falls between Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and is famous because it was home to Tulsi Das, the composer of Ramcharitmanas. The town that is situated amidst hills boasts of several temples and relics related to the life and times of Lord Rama. Notable among these are Sphatik Shila, Hanuman Dhara, Ram Ghat and Janki Kund

Barua Sagar: Barua Sagar is located just 24 kilometers from the city of Jhansi. This otherwise sleepy village rose to prominence because of some of the historical events that marked this place in 18th century. Barua Sagar is a spot where the local Budels took on the mighty Maratha Empire in the year 1744 A.D. The place is named after the Barua Sagar Tal, a large lake created over 250 years ago when Raja Udit Singh of Orchha built the embankment. The place is also famous for a magnificent fort. The fort commands an excellent view of the lake and surrounding landscape.

Parichha: Parichha that is situated 25 odd kilometers from Jhansi is an interesting excursion location around Jhansi. The place is famous for a dam that has been built on the Betwa River. The area is rich in scenic beauty. A good sighting spot from the dam gives a marvelous view of Betwa River and its reservoir. The reservoir is ideal for water sports such as white water surfing.

Samthar: Samthar is situated 65 kilometers from downtown Jhansi. The place that was formerly called Samshergarh was an independent estate during the periods of turmoil that stretched all through 17th and 18th century. The place was ruled and defended by valiant Gujjar warriors. There are quite a few places that are in depleted condition due to lack of maintenance. The place can be visited for some good frescos that are done on the outer as well as inner walls of the palaces.

Orchha: 18 km from Jhansi, Orchha is a city, frozen in time. It was founded in the 16th century by the Bundela chieftain, Rudra Pratap Singh, who built this new capital on a large wooded island, on the river Betwa. Today, remains of the fort and palaces speak eloquently of Orchha’s time of glory, of its splendid legacy of art and culture.

Todi-Fatehpur: The place is 50 kilometers from Jhansi and is considered a good excursion destination. The place boasts off a palace that covers an area of 5 acres. This palace cum force is built on a hillock and is surrounded by three massive stonewalls.

HOW TO REACH JHANSI
By Air: The nearest airport from Jhansi is Gwalior that is at the distance of 100 kilometers from the city. It is well connected to cities like Delhi, Varanasi, Mumbai and Bangalore etc. Nearly all the major Public as well as private carriers’ offers their service to and from the city of Agra

By Rail: Jhansi is well connected to the major cities of India. Jhansi Cantonment Railway Station is the main Railway station in the city. Regular expresses as well as super-fast trains are available to destinations like Delhi, Varanasi, Jaipur, Lucknow, Mumbai and Kolkata. Book the tickets in advance to avoid rush.

By Road: Jhansi is well connected to the cities like Mathura, Delhi, Chandigarh, Kanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi, Agra, Chitrakoot, etc. Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation plies several buses to these cities. Various privately run luxury buses are also available. Jhansi falls on National Highway No. 25 and 26 that in turn are linked by a good network of roads.

Jabalpur - City of the Rocks

2010-12-09T03:46:00.000-08:00

Situated in the heart of Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur is one of the largest and most important cities in the state. It is located on the banks of Holy River of Narmada and is around 336 km from Bhopal. Jabalpur has served as a capital to many ruling dynasties like Kalchuri and Gond. After 1817, Jabalpur was under the control of British who made it the commission headquarters of Narmada territory. The city is covered with mountains from all sides thus deriving its name from an Arab word ‘Jabal’, which means mountain. This shows that there should have been a trade link between Arabs and the city. You will also find many graves of Arab that further strengthens this. Another belief goes that a famous Sage named 'Jabali' lived here giving it the name Jabalpur. Jabalpur covers an area of 154 sq. km. The city has become world famous due to the presence of Marble Rocks on the outskirts. Jabalpur is also the closest to Kanha National Park and Bandhavgarh National Park that give the city an extra edge over other parts of Madhya Pradesh.

The temperature here in summers in the high thirties making travel in the city a bit uncomfortable for unprepared tourist. However monsoon season and winters are extremely pleasant for exploring the many attractions in the city. Shopping in the city is really an unforgettable experience as you get to buy things that you will probably not get anywhere else in India. The market places in the city have an olden time charm about them. Shop for locally made jute crafts, dress material with stunning zadosi embroidery and silver wares.

TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
Attractions in Jabalpur literally cover everything from natural splendors to imposing monuments, from museums to historically important places. Jabalpur is a complete tourist package that mesmerizes one and all who come to this unique city.

Madan Mahal Fort: This 900 year old fort dominates the skyline of Jabalpur. Built by the Gond king, Madan Shah in the year 1116, it rests atop a rocky cliff. Madan Mahal Fort offers some enthralling views of the low-lying vistas below. Atypical of ancient forts, this edifice does not display any ornamental artwork or sculptured embellishments. It is the sheer simplicity of the fort that overwhelms one with a sense of calm and makes it worth a visit.

Rani Durgavati Memorial and Museum: Built in the year 1964, to commemorate Queen Durgavati, Rani Durgavati Memorial and Museum is a storehouse of various treasured relics. The museum is home to precious miscellanies like ancient sculptures and rare manuscripts. Antique idols of Gods and Goddesses that dates back to the 10th century are also preserved in the place. A section of the museum is completely set aside, to store objects and artifacts related to the life of Mahatma Gandhi.

Pisan Hari Jain Temples / Pisan Hari Ka Mandir: This cluster of ancient Jain temples, believed to be nearly 150 years old, is set atop a hillock, 7 km from the city of Jabalpur. Located near the Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, these temples owe their name to a poor lady. The word 'Pisan' in Hindi means 'to grind'. It is believed that the lady initiated the construction of the temples, with the money earned from milling flour. Today, the temples form a major tourist attraction of Jabalpur, mainly because of their beauty and religious connotation.

Sangram Sagar and Bajnamath: These medieval constructions were erected under the imperial regime of the famous Gond King, Sangram Shah. Built in a time span that stretches from 1480 to 1540, these ancient buildings stand at a distance of 15 km from the main city of Jabalpur. Their imposing stance is worth a sight. Aquatic birds like red crested pochards, coots and pin-tailed ducks waddle in the nearby Sangram Sagar Lake and add to the attraction of the place.

Chausat Yogini Temple: Positioned at the top of a hill and approached by a long stairway, Chausat Yogini Temple is dedicated to Goddess Durga. The temple, with its elevated location, offers some breathtaking views of the Narmada River and the marble-crowned landscape. This 10th century temple has deftly carved stone idols of Hindu deities, belonging to the Kalchuri period. According to legends, it has a secret underground passageway that links to Queen Durgavati's palace.

Tilwara Ghat: Located 12 km from the Jabalpur Railway Station, Tilwara Ghat is one of the places from where Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were immersed. It sites on the holy bank of the Narmada and is famous for being the venue of the open session of the Tripuri Congress in 1939. An ancient Mahadev temple (Tilwadeshwar) is located here and draws many visitors to the place. Some of its nearby attractions include Mala Devi Mandir, Pariyat Tank, Bargi Dam, Lamheta Ghat and Roopnath Lingam.

PLACES AROUND JABALPUR
Marble Rocks: Just 21 km west of Jabalpur, is a small village called Bhedaghat. The village is world famous for splendid Marble Rocks on the banks of Narmada River. Covered with dark volcanic seams of green and black, they tower to almost 100 ft above the soft flowing Narmada on either side. They are fabulous to look at during the daytime when sun sparkles on the pure white surfaces of these rocks. During the night as well, they give you a mesmerizing view under the moonlit skies. The Marble Rocks have been considered as one of the thousand places that you should see before you die. The best way to enjoy the sheer charm of these rocks is by taking a boat ride in Narmada.

Kanha National Park: 160 km southeast of Jabalpur, is famous for tigers and leopards. One can also see sambhar, chital, barasingha (different species of deer) and gaur (Indian bison). It is also famous for wildlife safaris and for bird watching.

Bandhavgarh National park: 197 km northeast of Jabalpur, is located amidst the Vindhya ranges. Though it is much smaller than Kanha, it has a higher density of wild cats.

SHOPPING
The Arab of India, Jabalpur is a merger of the terra firma flavour and the contemporary shopping hubs. They have the old bazaar that displays the traditional handicrafts and the ethnic collection of the state, and the glassy shopping malls satisfy the vision of even the most ardent shopper. Shopping in Jabalpur is a special experience that will surely take you to the higher grade. When you are in Jabalpur first try to indulge into buying something that is invaluable and posh and the answer to your search will definitely be the exclusive traditional artifacts of the state that includes the toys and terracotta items. You should not miss buying the Chanderi and Maheshwari saris that are an exclusive of Jabalpur, and due to modern influence losing its due importance. The crafts of Jute and the silver and brass ware items should also be purchased. Go to Mrignayani, which is a government emporium for handicrafts especially jute items. The old bazaars in Jabalpur are the ideal place for the antiques and other items that are traditional. The vociferous chowks and the strident Galis are the perfect way to buy inexpensive items.

GETTING THERE
By Air: Jabalpur has its own domestic airport and receives regular flights from Delhi, Bhopal and other major cities of India.

By Rail: Jabalpur railhead is situated on the main Mumbai-Howrah line and most trains on this line have a stop here. There are overnight trains running from Kolkata, Bangalore, Mumbai and Delhi.

By Road: Transport Buses from almost all cities of Madhya Pradesh frequent to Jabalpur. Some private transport operators also have their luxury and semi-luxury coaches plying in and out of the city.

Guwahati

2010-12-07T23:03:00.000-08:00

Guwahati was formerly known as Pragjyotishpur (the City of Eastern Light). Its etymological root is derived from two Assamese words, "Guwa," meaning areca nut and "Haat," meaning market. Couched between the picturesque hills of the eastern flanks of the Himalayan mountain range, Guwahati houses the political capital of the state, Dispur. The gateway to the seven other northeastern states, Guwahati is a vital tourist link point, besides being an attraction in itself.

LOCATION
Situated on the banks of the mighty Brahmaputra, at an altitude of 55 meters above sea level, Guwahati is the junction of three important roads, National Highways 31, 37 and 40. It is split into two parts by the river and North Guwahati is almost a separate town. One can visit it via the Saraighat Bridge or by the ferries that ply on the river. The nearest important city is Calcutta (1182 km), while the capitals of the other northeastern states are at distances varying from 110 km to 650 km. The city experiences an annual rainfall of 180 cm (from May to September). While summer temperatures range from 22 to 38°C, in winters the mercury ranges from 10 to 25°C. The best time to visit this cosmopolitan city is from October to April.

HISTORY
There is magical aura that still lingers over the ever-expanding city. The demon king Narkasura is said to have built this ancient city. Another reason for Guwahati's charm is its being the ancient 'Kamrup', the birthplace of Kamdeva, the God of Love.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Guwahati is particularly famous for its Kamakhya temple situated atop the Nilachal hill, at a distance of 10 km from the railway station. Noted to be the most sacred among the tantrik shrines of Shakti worship in the world, Kamakhya, was built in the 10th century by the Koch king, Naranarayan. It is a common practice here to offer animal sacrifice to appease the Goddess. Above Kamakhya is another small temple, Bhubaneshwari, from where one can have a bird's eye view of the city.

The Shiva temple of Umananda, reached by motor boats and public ferries from Umananda Ghat, stands on an island in the middle of the Brahmaputra.

Atop another hill in east Guwahati is the Navagraha temple-the "temple of the nine planets,"- an ancient seat of astrology and astronomy. Housed in a red beehive-shaped dome, the central lingam is encircled by further nine representing the planets (graha)-Sun (Surya, Ravi), Moon (Chandra, Soma), Mercury (Buddh), Venus (Sukra), Mars (Mangal), Jupiter (Brhaspati) and Saturn (Sani). Two more were added, Rahu and Ketu, the dragon's head and the dragon's tail, or the ascending and descending nodes of the moon.

Nearby, there is the Vashistha Ashram, an interesting old shrine, with plenty of verdure and three beautiful streams, Lalita, Kanta and Sandhya. It is at a distance of 12 km from the railway station and is said to have been the abode of sage Vashistha. Several other temples like the Ugratara temple, famous for its golden idol and buffalo sacrifices, are also strewn across the city.

Besides these religious sites, one must visit the Guwahati Zoo, which is the largest natural zoo of the country. The various museums-the State Museum, Anthropological Museum, Forest Museum, and Cottage Industries Museum-are treasure houses of Assam's rich cultural past. The Guwahati planetarium, located on MG Road, is one of the finest in the country.

To complete one's tour of Guwahati, one must visit the Srimanta Sankardev Kalakshetra. Built in the 1990's, this modern complex at Panjabari provides a one-stop review of the artistic excellence of the region.

PLACES AROUND GUWAHATI
The Manas wildlife sanctuary, 176 km from the city, is situated on the banks of river Manas. It is the only tiger project of its kind in Assam.

Pabitora, a small wildlife sanctuary, 60 km from Guwahati is also worth a visit. Rhino and various species of deer abound here.

Hajo, 25 km west of Guwahati, is a sacred place for Hindus, Muslims and Buddhists. The town also boasts the Hayagriba Madhava Temple, accessible via a long stone stairway. At the foot of the stairway is a large pond inhabited by one of Hajo's oldest residents: a giant turtle. Hajo is also renowned for its bell metal work.

Chandubi, 64 km from the city, is a natural lagoon and a fine picnic spot, 64 km from Guwahati. The
lake is a perfect holiday resort, with ample fishing and rowing opportunities.

Madan Kamdev, about 35 km from Guwahati, is famous for its impressive archeological ruins and the Durga temple dating back to the 11th and 12th centuries.

Sualkuchi, 32 km from Guwahati, is a village where almost all the inhabitants are weavers, involved in the traditional art of silk weaving.

Tezpur is 181 km east of Guwahati, and is a town of both historic importance and adventure sports.

Barpeta, 185 km from Guwahati, is notable for the monastery and shrine dedicated to the Vaishnavite saint, Sankardeva.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
The most notable festival here is the Bohag Bihu, which marks the beginning of the Assamese New Year and falls sometime in mid-April. Various local delicacies like pithas, larus, and other sweetmeats are available then. All these preparations are strictly vegetarian. The Durga Puja, celebrated in the month of October, is another major festival. In the months of June-July, there is the famous Ambubashi Mela at Kamakhya temple that attracts thousands of pilgrims from all over the country.

HOW TO REACH
There are regular flight services to Guwahati from Delhi, Kolkata, Imphal, Agartala, Aizawl, Dibrugarh and Jorhat. The busy and overcrowded Paltan Bazar railway station is the destination for many trains from every corner of India.

Coimbatore - Manchester of South India

2010-12-06T22:08:00.000-08:00

Coimbatore is an important industrial town in Tamil Nadu and is better known as 'Manchester of South India' among the western tourists. Coimbatore is the hub of textile manufacturing and is also known for the manufacture of motor pump sets and varied handloom products. Coimbatore is the second largest city of Tamil Nadu after Chennai. Located on the foot of Western Ghats, at an altitude of 430 m above sea level, and situated on the extreme west of the state, Coimbatore shares one of its boundaries with the natural wonder Kerala. Also one of the most advanced cities of Tamil Nadu, the city is rich in culture and is home to many religions. The chief language spoken here is Tamil but English and Hindi is also widely used. The city is the highest producer of textile in the whole country due to its rich black soil cover that helps the growth of cotton. Shop for the cotton textiles, as here you can fetch the best bargain. Coimbatore has transformed itself into a happening tourist spot by wholeheartedly maintaining the natural gifts and all the historical monuments that were passed on to them from their great ancestors. Temples like Perur Temple and Marudhamalai Temple which are a good blend of history and culture, and sceneries like Siruvani Waterfalls make Coimbatore a must visit destination for all tourist.

Tourist Attractions
Coimbatore earlier was not as popular a tourist destination as other parts of Tamil Nadu. But with time, Coimbatore has reinvented itself to such an extent that now it attracts almost the same number of tourist as any other famous tourist hot spot. The options which you can choose range from historical temples, the most advanced theme parks to the natural splendors like waterfalls and wildlife parks.

Perur Temple: Situated in the town of Perur, it is just 6 km west from Coimbatore. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and was built by King Karikala Cholan in the 17th century. Perur Temple was constructed by Cholas in collaboration with Hoysala and Vijayanagara rulers. It attracts a large number of tourists who get mesmerized by just a glimpse of 'Kanaka Sabha', the golden hall which is studded with a gold plated statue of Nataraja. This temple also is a classic example of Dravidian architecture.

Marudhamalai Temple: Marudhamalai Temple which is dedicated to Lord Subramanya, is an important pilgrim destination for Hindus. It is also one of the most visited temples in Tamil Nadu. This temple situated on a hilltop became famous as the site where the residing deity Dandyuthapani performed several miracles. The temple comes alive during Thai Possam and Thirukarthigai festival as these occasions are celebrated with much enthusiasm and devotion in the temple.

Siruvani Waterfalls: Located some 37 km west of Coimbatore, Siruvani Waterfalls and Dam offer breathtaking views of natural splendors. The water of this fall is known to be quite rich in mineral content and the taste of the water is also very sweet and pleasing to the tongue. According to information this is the second tastiest water in the world.

Black Thunder Amusement Park: Black Thunder is considered to be the best amusement park in the whole of Asia. It is situated some 40 km from Coimbatore, this is a place amidst the best natural sceneries that you ever wish to see. The park is full of rides that are designed to enthrall you to your soul. So if you are looking for a time out from your mundane chores, Black Thunder can very well fit the bill as your first choice.

Excursions
Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary: This Sanctuary is situated at an altitude of 1,400 mts in the Western Ghats near Pollachi (about 90 Kms from Coimbatore). The area of the sanctuary is 958 sq. kms. It has various kinds of fauna like elephant, gaur, tiger, panther, sloth bear, deer, wild bear, wild dog, porcupine, flying squirrel, jackal, pangolin, civet cat and birds like rocket tailed drongl, red whiskered bulbul, black headed oriole, tree pie, spotted dove, green pigeon etc. The Amaravathy reservoir in the Anamalais has a large number of crocodiles. There are also many places of scenic beauty such as Karaishola, Anaikunthi shola, grass hills, waterfalls, groves, teak forests, estates, dams and reservoirs.

Topslip: It is a picturesque locale in the Annamalai Hills. It is about 37 kms from Pollachi. This small town is an ideal picnic spot.

Thirumoorthy Temple: It is situated at the foot of Thirumoorthy Hills adjoining the Thirumoorthy dam. This is about 20 Kms from Udumalpet on the Highway from Palani to Coimbatore. A perennial stream flows by the side of the Sri Amalingeswarar temple and nearby there is a waterfalls. The crocodile Farm at Amaravathi Dam is just 25 Kms from here. This place is being developed as a District Excursion Centre. Regular buses available from Udumalpet.

Parambikulam - Aliyar Multipurpose Project: The project consists of a series of dams interconnected by tunnels and canals for harnessing the Parambikulam, Aliyar, Nirar, Sholiyar, Thunakadavu, Thekkadi and Palar rivers, lying at various elevations, for irrigation and power generation. The scheme is an outstanding example of engineering skill. It is located in the Anamalai range.

Erode: Erode, Headquarters of Periyar District, is the birth place of periyar E.V. Ramaswamy affectionately called Thanthai Periyar by the people of Tamil Nadu. There are two ancient temples - one dedicated to Lord Siva and other to Lord Vishnu. There are some interesting inscriptions in these temples. The handloom products of Erode are very famous. It is about 92 Kms from Coimbatore.

Bannari: Located 83 kms from Coimbatore and 10 Kms from Bhavanisagar has the famous Mariamman temple which attracts thousands of Pilgrims.

Chennimalai: It is important Handloom Weaving centre. It is 30 Kms from Erode and 80 Kms from Coimbatore.

Kodumudi: It is 40 kms from Erode and 105 Kms from Coimbatore. A special feature of this place is the shrines of Siva, Vishnu and Brahma is located in one temple complex.

Getting There
By Air: Coimbatore has an airport which is 12 km from the heart of city. It is frequented by flights from Mumbai, Chennai, and Kozhikode. International flight to Sharjah in the Gulf is also operating from this airport.

By Rail: The city has two rail heads. Coimbatore Junction and Coimbatore North Railway Station, although the former is the busier one. Both these stations are well connected to all major cities of India.

By Road: Being a major city in Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore is well connected by road to all parts of the state. Apart from state buses of Tamil Nadu, adjoining states of Kerala and Karnataka also have their state transport buses running in and out of the city.

Baroda

2010-12-03T23:29:00.000-08:00

Baroda (Vadodara) is the capital city of the erstwhile Gaekwad rulers. It is an important cultural center of India, as it is known for its art galleries and museums. Baroda has a number of palaces and well-laid parks that attract the tourist.

LOCATION
Baroda is located in the eastern part of the state of Gujarat, in the western region of India. Vishvamitra River flows through the city of Baroda. It is 100 km south of Ahmedabad and 392 km north of Mumbai. The weather in Baroda is tropical and hot. Though it located near the Arabian Sea, summers (April-June) in Baroda can be too hot and winters (November-February) are cool. It experiences southwestern monsoon rains in July-September.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The best time to visit Baroda is in winters, between October and February.

HISTORY
The earliest record of Baroda city is found in a land grant dating back to AD 812. In the grant, Baroda is referred to as Vadapadraka. It was also known as Chandanavati, after a local Rajput ruler. The city underwent periodic renaming, from Varhavati, Vatpatraka, Baroda, and, in 1971, to Baroda. The history of Baroda can be divided into different periods. The Hindu period lasted from ancient times until 1297. The Muslim rulers of the Delhi sultanate ruled this region from 1297 to 1401. An independent Muslim kingdom was established here, which was known as the Gujarat Sultanate. The present city was established during this period, which spanned from 1401 to 1573. Baroda became the part of the mighty Mughal Empire when Akbar, the Mughal emperor, defeated the local Muslim ruler in 1573. The Mughal period lasted until 1734, when the Maratha period started under the Gaekwad family. From 1734 to 1947, it became the capital of the powerful Gaekwad rulers. In 1802, the British, under the banner of the East India Company, established a residency in Baroda to cement their relation with the Gaekwads. Later this residency was responsible for all erstwhile princely states of Gujarat and Kathiawad. In 1947, when India gained independence and all princely were abolished, it became a part of the state of Gujarat.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Lakshmi Vilas Palace: Designed in Indo-Saracenic style of architecture, the palace built by Maharaja Sayajirao in 1890 is till date the residence of the royal family. Its ornate Darbar Hall has an Italian mosaic floor and walls with mosaic decorations. The palace houses a remarkable collection of old armoury and sculptures in bronze, marble & terracotta.

Vadodara Museum and Picture Gallery: Founded by the Gaekwads in 1894 AD, the museum has an impressive collection on art and archaeology, natural history, geology and ethnology. The adjoining art gallery has a great collection of old European masters: Veronese, Giordano, Zurbaran, some Flemish and Dutch School of paintings, Turner and Constable, a collection of Mughal miniatures and valuable palm-leaf manuscripts of Buddhist and Jain origin.

Kirti Mandir: Meaning 'Hall of Fame', it's a memorial for the Gaekwad rulers. Designed in the Hindu style, it is a magnificent stone building with domes, terraces, balconies and a central 'shikhara'. It is decorated with murals by the famous Indian artist, Nandlal Bose.

Nazarbagh Palace: Built in the old classical style, the palace was used on ceremonial occasions by the Gaekwads. It now houses the royal family heirlooms.

Makarpura Palace: A beautiful palace designed in the Italianate style, the Makarpura is now used as a training school of the Indian Air Force.

Maharaja Fateh Singh Museum: This museum houses the royal collection of art treasures of old masters like Raphael, Titian and Murillo as well as modern western and Indian painting; Greco-Roman exhibits, Chinese and Japanese art; and a large collection of contemporary Indian art.

Pratap Vilas Palace at Lalbag: Built as the residence of the royal family, the Pratap Vilas is an extravagant and flambuoyant building built in the Indo-Saracenic style. The palace houses a remarkable collection of old armoury and sculptures in bronze, marble and terracotta.

Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad University: The erstwhile ruler of Baroda, Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad built Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad University, also known as MSU, over a hundred years ago. The University is one of the bigger universities in Western India and the only one in Vadodara. The notable faculties here are the Faculty of Fine Arts and the Faculty of Performing Arts.

Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary: Located in the Bharuch district, the Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary stretches over an area of 608sq. kms. It boasts of abundant plant and animal life. Here you can see leopards, sloth bears, sambar, wild dogs, hyena, barking deer and a variety of birds.

PLACES AROUND BARODA
The town of Champaner (Pavagarh) is 47 km northeast of Baroda. It is famous for Jama Masjid, which is one of the finest mosques to be found in the state of Gujarat. It also has a medieval fort near it.

The town of Dabohi is 29 km southeast of Baroda and is known for its 13th-century Hindu military architecture.

Dakor, 50 km from Baroda and half way to Ahmedabad, is famous for its Temple of Ranchodrai and is a sacred place for the followers of Lord Krishna.

Ahmedabad city is 100 km north of Baroda. Ahmedabad is known for its rich past and its association with Mahatma Gandhi. The city offers to the traveler a unique style of architecture, which is a blend of Hindu and Islamic styles (Indo-Saracenic style of architecture). It is famous for its mosques and baolis.

The town of Anand, on the way to Ahmedabad from Baroda, is famous for its Amul range of dairy products. Anand is the hometown of the white revolution in India and the modern plant is worth visiting.

Bharuch, which is located on the main railway line between Baroda and Surat city, is famous for its monuments and the River Narmada that flows through it.

SHOPPING
This is the city of artists and painters. There are regular art exhibitions held by the state's prestigious MS University's Fine Art College. If you like silver jewellery, then the shopping areas of Raopura, Teen Darwaza and Mandvi offers a good range of the oxidized silver. Also check out the local Khadi Bhandar centre for handicrafts, fabric and readymade hand spun cotton clothes. On the snacks front, pick up the famous spiced, puffed rice mix called bhusa. Both plastic and paper currencies are widely accepted.

FESTIVALS
All Indian festivals are celebrated with fervor. The festival of Shivratri, in honour of Lord Shiva, is celebrated by Hindus in February/March. Holi is celebrated every year in February-March. As in the rest of Gujarat, the nine day festival of Navratri is celebrated with much gaiety. It ends with Dussehra, in September/October followed twenty days later by Diwali, the festival of lights, observed in honour of Goddess Lakshmi.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: Baroda airport is 8 km northeast of the railway station and is linked with Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, and Pune.

By Rail: Baroda railway station is located on the northwestern part of the city. As Baroda is on the main Ahmedabad-Mumbai line a number of trains pass and stop at Baroda.

Ajmer

2010-12-02T22:20:00.000-08:00

Nestling in the foothills of `Ajaya Meru', Ajmer was founded by Aijpal Chauhan in the year 1100 AD, dominated and ruled by Chauhan dynasty till 1193 AD. The city of Ajmer is famous as a pilgrim place. Ajmer is a world renowned pilgrimage center for both Hindus as well as Muslims. It is a celestial home to most holy Dragon Sharif a tomb of the Sufi saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti, which is equally worshiped by all religions specially the Hindus and Muslims. Millions of pilgrims from all over the world throng Ajmer to attend the death anniversary of the great saint every year. The city also boasts of a number of monuments belonging to the Mughal era. The city is also known for its traditional handicrafts.

LOCATION
The city of Ajmer is located in the state of Rajasthan, in the northwestern part of India. It lies 130 km southwest of Jaipur. It is flanked by the Ana Sagar Lake on one side and barren hills of the Aravali range on the other side. Ajmer is drained by streams of the Luni River flowing southwestward and by tributaries of the Banas River flowing eastward. The climate of Ajmer is hot. The maximum temperature can go up to 45°C in summers (April-June). Winters are cool (November-February).

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The best time to visit Ajmer is in winters (November-February). It can also be visited in the seventh month of the lunar calendar every year when the annual Urs festival is held to commemorate the death of the Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti.

HISTORY
Ajmer was founded by Ajayadeva, an 11th-century local Rajput ruler. It was shortly annexed by Delhi Sultanate in 1193, but returned to the local rulers, upon payment of tribute. Ajmer was also sacked by Mohammed Ghori in one of the many raids carried out by him on India. Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti, the patron Saint of Ajmer, came here from Persia at the end of the 12th century. Ajmer became the part of the mighty Mughal Empire during the medieval period and was an important military center. Military campaigns against local Rajput rulers were initiated from Ajmer. Akbar built a fort here. The first contact between the Mughals and the British also happened in Ajmer, when Jahangir met Sir Thomas Roe in 1616. Shahjahan built marble pavilions around the Ana Sagar Lake in the 17th century. The Scindia rulers of Gwalior took over Ajmer, which was later taken over by the British in 1818. The British founded the famous Mayo College, a prestigious school here, in 1875.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Dargah Khwaja Moin-ud-din Chisti: The shrine is in honor of Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti - a Sufi saint who came to India from Persia in 1192 with Mohammad Ghori's invading army. He died here in 1236. For the Muslims of India, the shrine's importance is only second to the sacred shrine at Mecca. The construction of the Dargah was started by Altamash, the Sultan of Delhi, and completed by the Mughal Emperor Humayun. It was the venue of an annual pilgrimage for Akbar the Great.

Mayo College: Founded by the British Viceroy Lord Mayo - it is one of the finest schools in India. Mayo College is famous not just for the quality of education it imparts, but for its architecture as well. Designed by Sir Samuel Swinton Jacob, the state engineer of Jaipur, Mayo College is built of white marble. Founded in 1875, as a school for Indian princes, its first pupil was the Maharaja of Alwar.

Adhai-din ka Jhonpra: Located on the outskirts of the town, this remarkable structure is an exquisite example of early Indo-Islamic architecture. Designed by Abu Bakr of Herat, the mosque is believed to have been built in two and a half days, and is thus named Adhai-din. According to another story the name is derived from a two and a half day fair held here every year.

Ana Sagar: Named after the ruler Anaji Chauhana, the artificial lake was built in the 12th century by constructing a dam across the river Luni. Ana Sagar also has a series of impressive white marble pavilions (Baradaris), built by Shah Jahan in 1637.

PLACES AROUND AJMER
Pushkar: Located 11 km from Ajmer, according to Hindu mythology the town is the creation of Lord Brahma - the Creator of the Universe. A temple dedicated to Brahma has been built here.

Pushkar also hosts one of the most colorful cattle fairs in the country. Lakhs of visitors throng the Pushkar Fair - a once-in-a-lifetime experience that you will not want to miss.

Kishangarh: This sleepy little hamlet located 27 km from Ajmer, was once the capital of a princely state ruled by the Rathores. It nurtured one of the finest schools of miniature paintings in the 18th century. The Bani Thani style of miniature painting in Kishangarh evolved under Nihal Chand - the court painter of Raja Sawant Singh.

Foy Sagar: Just 05 km from Ajmer, you would found Foy Sagar, engineered by an Englishman, Mr Foy. The lake was constructed as an artificial lake which was constructed as a famine relief project.

FAIRS AND FESTIVALS
The main festival of Ajmer is the celebration of the Urs held every year in the seventh month (date varies) of the lunar calendar. A number of Qawali (traditional Muslim recital of devotional verse) functions are held within the Dargah or tomb.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: The nearest airport is in Jaipur, Sanganer airport. Jaipur is approx. 145 kms from Pushkar.

By Rail: Ajmer is also accessible by train, as it is located on the main Delhi-Jaipur-Ahmedabad-Mumbai line. There are different means of transport available to the traveler to move around in Ajmer.

By Road: Ajmer is accessible by road from both Jaipur and Delhi.

Bhopal - Capital City of Madhya Pradesh

2010-12-02T03:21:00.000-08:00

Bhopal is the capital city of the state of Madhya Pradesh, which is the largest state in India. Bhopal is also referred to as the City of Lakes because of the two beautiful lakes that are situated in the center of the city. Apart from its natural beauty, Bhopal is also famous for its mosques. The Taj-ul-Masjid in Bhopal is the largest mosque of India. Bhopal is also known, sadly, for the largest industrial disaster or the Gas Tragedy, which struck it in 1984.

LOCATION OF BHOPAL
Bhopal is located in the northwestern part of the state of Madhya Pradesh, in the central region of India. It lies along the slopes of a sandstone ridge, which is a part of the Malwa plateau. There are two man-made lakes at the center of Bhopal city. The weather in Bhopal during summers (April-June) is quite hot, but winters (November-February) are cool and pleasant. It experiences southwestern monsoon rains in July-September. It is 744 km south of Delhi and 779 Km northwest of Mumbai (Bombay).

BEST TIME TO VISIT BHOPAL
Though Bhopal can be visited throughout the year, it is advisable to avoid the summer season.

HISTORY OF BHOPAL
The history of Bhopal dates back to the 11th century AD, when it was built by the legendary King Bhoja. The region witnessed a power struggle between local rulers and the Mughals, with the latter taking over. The decline of the Mughal Empire with the death of Aurangzeb (AD 1707) led to political turmoil in this region. The small princely state of Bhopal and the present-day city was founded by an Afghan soldier Dost Mohammad in 1723. It was the second largest Muslim state during the rise of British power in India. It aligned itself with the British, in their fight against the Marathas, in 1817. At the time of India's independence in 1947, Bhopal remained a separate state, until 1949, when it acceded to India.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS IN BHOPAL
Bhopal beckons a significant amount of tourists from all parts of the world and those who visit this city once will always crave to visit this town again and again. A tour to Bhopal will cover many things apart from the imposing architectural marvels and magnificent lakes. Bhopal is home to various venerated temples and mosques that were built in the days of yore. You must make sure that you have ample time in hand in order to explore the various tourist attractions in Bhopal. Some of the attractions worth visiting are as follows:

Laxmi Narayan Temple: Laxmi Narayan Temple is also known as the Birla Mandir and is located to the south of the Lower Lake on the Arera Hills. Close to the temple is a museum that is the repository of sculptures from the districts of Raisen, Sehore, Mandsaur, and Shahdol in Madhya Pradesh. There are stone sculptures mostly of Shiva, Vishnu, and their respective consorts and incarnations.

Moti Masjid: The magnificent Moti Masjid was built by Qudsia Begum's daughter Sikander Jahan in the year 1860 A.D. and is identical in style to the Jama Masjid of Delhi. The two dark red minarets covered by golden spikes add to the grandeur of this beautiful masjid.

Taj-ul Masjid: Taj-ul Masjid flaunts being one of the largest in India and occupies an important place among the various places of tourist interest in Bhopal. The erection of this mosque was started by Shah Jahan Begum that took place during her reign from 1868 A.D. to 1901 A.D., but it was never accomplished in her lifetime. Construction of the mosque was completed in the year 1971 by the efforts of the Government of India. These days, this huge pink mosque featuring two stupendous white-domed minarets is used as a school for religious teachings. The religious ceremony called Ijtima is held here each and every year that attracts numerous tourists from all parts of India.

Shaukat Mahal: Shaukat Mahal is another draw for the archaeologists and is located at the entrance of the Chowk gate. This startling building is built in the European style, thereby distinguishing it apart from the predominantly conventional Islamic architecture of the region. Sadar Manzil: You just cannot afford to miss out the stately hall of public audience of the earlier rulers of Bhopal.

Upper and Lower Lakes: Sprawling over an area of about 6 square kilometers, the Upper Lake is divided from the Lower Lake by an over bridge. Make your visit to this place even more exciting by going on a boat trip in the lake. Nearby to the Lake is the zoo which is called Van Vihar and has in store a lot of wild animals such as the tigers, leopards, lions, and bears, among other animals. Near the Lower Lake, you can visit an aquarium. This fish-shaped aquarium houses a number of enthralling species of fish.

PLACES AROUND BHOPAL
Bhimbetka Caves: The invaluable Indian treasures, in the form of Bhimbetka Caves, are surrounded by the craggy terrains of the Vindhya mountainous ranges. Located 46 km south of Bhopal, these Neolithic caves preserve prehistoric paintings and murals that are almost 12,000 years old. These ancient cave paintings vividly portray the lives and everyday activities of primitive cave dwellers and also exhibit their narrative skills. More than 200 caves form a part of this cave-sanctuary and enchant many visitors with their prehistoric significance.

Sanchi: Sanchi is perched on a secluded hill, 46 km from Bhopal. Its clusters of stupas, chaityas and monasteries make it one of the most significant visitations of tourists from all corner of the globe. These stupas, constructed within 3rd century BC and 12th century AD, bequeath the place with a lot of historical and religious importance. On Buddha Purnima, Buddhists congregate here to celebrate the triple anniversary of Gautama Buddha's birth, enlightenment and parinirvana.

Pachmarhi: Snuggled atop the Satpura Hills at 1,067 meters, the hill station of Pachmarhi is located about 195 km from Bhopal. Its serene backcloth, with emerald forest glades, jamun groves, cascading waterfalls, deep ravines and coppices of sal and bamboo, make it an ideal sanctuary for communing with the beauty of nature. The cave shelters in the Mahadeo Hills that house ancient rock paintings increase its popularity amongst tourists. A mountain ride to Pachmarhi is must, while you go for recreational trips around Bhopal.

Udaigiri: 13 km from Sanchi and 5 km from Videsha is Udaigiri, famous for its rock-cut cave sanctuaries. There are many Hindu and Jain caves that run in succession here and impart the place its charm. You can find delicately carved images of Lord Vishnu here. It is believed that Buddhist monks used these caves as their abodes in 2 B.C. Built mainly during the reign of Chandragupta II, a visit to these ancient caverns, along with the Gupta temple perched on the summit of this hill, will help you understand the aesthetic dimensions of Gupta art and architecture.

Bhojpur: Bhojpur lies 28 km southeast of Bhopal and merits a visit. A brilliant example of Hindu temple architecture, the ancient 'Bhojeshwar Temple' was constructed in the later part of the 11th century and heightens the popularity of the place. A venerated shrine, the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is referred to as the 'Somnath of the East'. It enshrines a massive 'lingam', about 2.3 m high and 5.3 m in circumference. This time-defying monument stands in an incomplete state, but poses an inspiring sight, with its titanic pillars and unfinished dome.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS OF BHOPAL
A three-day Ijtima (religious congregation) is held in the precincts of the Taj-ul-Masjid of Bhopal annually. It draws many Muslim pilgrims from all parts of India.

HOW TO REACH BHOPAL
By Air: The airport in Bhopal is located at a distance of 12 kilometers from the Old City and the Indian Airlines operates daily flights to the major metropolises of India such as Delhi, Mumbai, and Indore and also operates four weekly flights to Gwalior.

By Rail: Bhopal lies on the Delhi-Chennai route and is one of the most important railway stations of central India. Among the express trains, Shatabdi express connects Bhopal with the capital city, Delhi. The various other destinations to which Bhopal is well connected are Mumbai, Agra, Gwalior, Jhansi, and Ujjain.

By Road: The transportation access in Bhopal is also quite convenient by the road transport since it is well-linked with the various other destinations of India through the smooth and excellent roadways. Some of the destinations that are easily reachable from Bhopal by road transport are Sanchi, Indore, Ujjain, Panchmari and Jabalpur, and Khajuraho are easily accessible from Bhopal.

Mahabalipuram - The Temple City

2010-12-01T03:25:00.000-08:00

The temple city of Mahabalipuram (also Mamallapuram) is situated just 60 km off Chennai on the Bay of Bengal coast in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It extends from latitude 12°37' in the North to longitude 80°14' in the East. The city is well connected through a network of roads from Chennai and other important cities of South India. Many of the Resorts of Mahabalipuram are strategically located close to the tourist spots.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The climate of Mahabalipuram remains hot and sultry throughout the year with a maximum temperature of 35°C and a minimum of 19°C. The best time to visit this place is during October to March. One is advised to avoid the monsoon period. Mahabalipuram Resorts are packed during the peak season, thus advance booking for Resorts Mahabalipuram is advised.

HISTORY
Mahabalipuram is one of history's intriguing enigmas. The ancient Mamallapuram, as Mahabalipuram was formerly known, was flourishing port town of the Pallava rulers of south India who chiseled in stone a fabulous "open-air museum" of sculpture under the vault of a burning sky. Apart from this, nothing is known of the place. What was the purpose behind this whole exercise, and, more important, why all the royal patronage this place enjoyed suddenly disappeared, no one actually has any answer. Staying at Mahabalipuram Resorts is an unique way of experiencing its history.

Experts say that there were seven pagodas or temples on the shores of Mahabalipuram. All but one was pillaged by the rapacious sea, though there is little underwater evidence to substantiate their existence.

Most of the temples and rock carvings of this place were built during the reigns of Narsinha Varman I (AD 630-668) and Narsinha Varman II (AD 700-728). Though the initial kings of Pallava dynasty were followers of Jainism, the conversion of Mahendra Varman (AD 600-630) to Shaivism led most of the monuments to be related with Shiva or Vishnu.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
The Varaha Cave, a small rock-cut mandapam (hall), is a faceted and finished gem with four panels of the famous Pallava doorkeepers who wear an expression of "pious rapture," as Heinrich Zimmer, a leading expert on Mahabalipuram put it. There is about them a mood of contemplative reverie, a lyrical softness and subtle grace totally at variance with the primordial machismo their role as guards of the gods imposes on them. Accommodation in Resorts Mahabalipuram close to the tourist spots can be arranged.

Feeble sunlight glimmers on panels of enduring beauty in the Mahishamardini Cave. The Somaskanda sculpture radiates peace, power and wisdom while Lord Vishnu in omniscient repose is a masterpiece of dhwani (the art of suggestion) perfected by the Pallava sculptor.

Arjuna's Penance, perhaps the world's largest bas-relief, is the universe itself in stone, throbbing with a vastness of conception. Legend has it that King Bhagiratha had to bring down to earth the celestial Ganga to purify and redeem the cursed souls of his ancestors. But the river in its torrential plunge would inundate the earth, and so he had to undergo a penance to propitiate Shiva who finally received the flood in his matted locks and let it trickle down. This was a sight for the world's creatures to see and they gathered round. The cleft in the rock depicts the descent of Ganga, a theory supported by the ruins of a stone water tank on the hill. There is a forest with tribal people and all forms of animal life, just as they would appear in their habitat. Women clothed in an aura of ineffable grace, a rich inner beauty transfiguring the plainest of them. The whole scene has a delicate edge of humor. Juxtaposed against the ascetic is a cat doing rigorous penance too, eyes firmly shut, even to the delectable mice scampering around within easy reach.

The five rathas (chariots) are architectural precursors of the temples of south India. The smallest and the simplest is the Draupadi ratha and the largest is the multi-storeyed Dharmaraja ratha scoped from a monolithic rock. These small, unfinished shrines ravaged by war and weather are things of undiminished beauty.

However, it is the Shore Temple that evokes the spell of Mahabalipuram. A three-in-one abode of god-a Vishnu temple sandwiched between two Shiva temples-it is a visual delight, its precincts abounding in architectural masterpieces.

The Sculpture Museum in East Raja Street contains more than 3,000 sculptures by the local artisans, made in wood, metal, brass, and cement.

PLACES AROUND MAHABALIPURAM
About 5 km north of Mahabalipuram is Tiger Caves, a rock-cut shrine, possibly dating from 7th century.

Tirukkalikundram, around 14 km from Mahabalipuram, is a pilgrimage center. The place has a hilltop temple dedicated to Lord Shiva.

An ideal place for water sports, Muttukadu is 21 km from Mamallapuram. Visitors can enjoy boating, canoeing, kayaking, and windsurfing. The Dakshina Chitra of Madras Craft Foundation here has replica of an old agricultural house of Tamil Nadu, replica of Kanchipuram weavers’ house and replicas of ancient houses presenting the lifestyle of South India.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
Pongal, the most important festival of the Tamils, is celebrated in mid-January every year. The festival is celebrated amidst gaiety and joy not only in Tamil Nadu but also in most parts of South India.

Mahabalipuram Dance Festival is an occasion for the dance lovers to enjoy the performances of the artists from all parts of the country. The festival is celebrated in the month of January/February every year. The Shore Temple forms the backdrop of this festival and the music from the musical instruments mixes with the natural music of wind and the sea. The Mahabalipuram Dance festival is an occasion when artists from all over the country come together to perform.

The Sthalasayana Perumal temple festivals, Masimagam and Brahmothsavam, are held in the month of March.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: The nearest airport from Mahabalipuram is Chennai (Madras), located around 60 km away. One can get flights for almost all major destinations in India and abroad.

By Rail: The nearest railway station, Chengalpattu, is around 29 km away from Mahabalipuram. Trains for Chennai and several other major cities in South India are available from here.

By Road: Mamallapuram is connected by road to Chennai, Tirukkalikundram (Pakshithirtham), Kanchipuram (65 km), and Pondicherry.

Kanyakumari - The Southernmost Tip of India

2010-12-01T02:32:00.000-08:00

Kanyakumari is the southernmost point of peninsular India and the meeting point of three oceans-the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Besides its importance as a Hindu pilgrim center, it is famous for its beautiful views of sunrise and sunset over the waters. The multicolored sand is a unique feature of the beach here.

HISTORY
Kanyakumari was once referred to as the Alexandria of the east. This place has been a great center for art, culture, civilization, and pilgrimage for years. It was also a famous center for commerce and trade. During the early part of the eighth century AD Islam entered the southern part of India through the sea route with traders and missionaries. Through St. Thomas, one of the twelve Apostles of Christ, Christianity arrived in this area in AD 52. Islam, Christianity and Jainism have greatly contributed to the architectural wealth and literary heritage of this place. Kanyakumari was also under the control of the Cholas, the Cheras, the Pandyas and the Nayaks who were great rulers of south India. The architectural beauty of the temples is the work of these rulers.

During the British Raj, Kanyakumari was bestowed the dry title of Cape Comorin, necessitated perhaps by the Englishmen's inability to pronounce local names.

Legend has it that Kanya Devi, an avatar of Goddess Parvati, was to wed Lord Shiva, the destroyer in the Hindu trinity. But he did not turn up at the auspicious time and the wedding never took place. The rice and cereals meant for the marriage remained uncooked. Even today, one can buy stones there that look exactly like rice and cereals. Local folks believe that they are the leftovers of the legendary marriage that could not be solemnized. As for the princess Kanya Devi, she became a virgin goddess blessing pilgrims and tourists alike.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
Due to its proximity to the sea, Kanyakumari enjoys a pleasant climate and can be visited throughout the year. However, the best season to visit this place would be between October and March. During summers, the temperature can rise to a high of 34.8°C while it can dip to a low of 20.4°C during winters.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Kanyakumari is a successful tourist destination not just because of its location, but also due to the options that Kanyakumari offers its guest a tour of mesmerizing sights and relaxations. The town is full of natural splendors and man made attractions that have always beckoned travelers from around the world to experience the feeling that one possibly cannot get at any other destination.

Kanyakumari Beach: The Kanyakumari beach with multi-colored sand and rocky shoreline is definitely one of the most beautiful beaches in south India and offers a great change from all other beaches. The waves that hit the shore are quite strong and frequent, that means that one does not get to enjoy a step into the shallow water or a sea bath. The shore being rocky makes it more dangerous to venture out to the sea, so people are asked to stay within the prescribed zone. You can shop for shells that are on sale on the Kanyakumari beach. There is a lighthouse on the beach from where one can get a ravishing view of the sea.

Kanyakumari Temple: The Kumari Amman Temple also known as Kanyakumari Temple is located on the shores and is dedicated to a Goddess the incarnation of Goddess Parvati, the virgin goddess who did penance to obtain Lord Shiva as her husband. The main attraction for tourists from around the world is the scintillating view of the temple and the adjoining ghats, which are sitting pretty on the shoreline. The diamond nose-ring on the statue of the deity adds an enchanting glow to the already shining statue. Famous for its sparkling gleam, it is said to be visible even from the mid of sea.

Gandhi Mandapam: This is the place where the urn containing the ashes of Mahatma Gandhi was kept before a portion of which was immersed in the three seas. The exemplary temple is located near to the Kumari Amman Temple and is one of the most picturesque spots in Kanyakumari. The temple is build in such a way that on October 2nd, the birth date of Mahatma Gandhi, the rays of sun fall exactly on the spot where the urn containing the ashes is kept. So if possible choose this day to visit this splendid monument and witness the magical moment right in front of your eyes.

Vivekananda Memorial Rock: Situated some 500m away from the mainland Vivekananda Memorial Rock attracts a large number of tourists and was built in the year 1970 in memory the great Swami Vivekananda. It is built on the same spot where Swami Vivekananda spent some of his time meditating. Keeping this in mind, the temple also has a meditation hall. So if you want to get rid of all the worldly tensions take some time out and sit in the hall meditating all your problems away. From ancient times, even before the temple was built, the rock was considered a sacred place and was known as 'Sripada Parai' meaning that the rock is blessed by the touch of feet of 'Devi Kumari'. Feel the spirituality of the place by sighting the divine footprints of the Goddess, which is visible on the rock.

PLACES AROUND KANYAKUMARI
Vattakottai (literally, circular fort) is an 18th-century fort overlooking the sea, located six km from Kanyakumari.

The Udayagiri Fort (34 km), built by King Marthanda Varma (AD 1729-1758), has a foundry for casting guns. The king's trusted European general De Lennoy's grave is located within this fort.

Situated 13 km from Kanyakumari, Suchindram bears the imprint of various kingdoms. The Thanumalayan temple here is a repository of art treasures belonging to those kingdoms. The temple is famous for its musical columns and its impressive six m-tall statue of the monkey god, Hanuman. The main deity in the form of a shivling represents Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma, the trinity of the Hindu pantheon. Ancient inscriptions dating back to the ninth century are found in this place.

The Nagaraja Temple at Nagarkoil (20 km) is a magnificent temple with Nagaraja as the main deity. There are also shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva and Vishnu. The entrance to this temple is reminiscent of the Chinese architecture of a Buddhist Vihar. Nagercoil is 19 kms from Kanyakumari on the way to Padmanabhapuram.

Padmanabhapuram Palace (45 km) is a large mansion of the Travancore Kings. It is known for its fascinating natural splendor.

Tiruchendur (85 km) is the site of a beautiful temple dedicated to Lord Subramanya. The temple located here on the shore of the Bay of Bengal is one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanya. The location of the temple draws a perennial stream of devotees. The temple overlooking the singing sea is an inspiring sight.

The Courtallam Fall (137 km) is perched at a height of 167 m. Its water is believed to contain medicinal properties.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
The Chaitra Purnima Festival (the April full-moon day, celebrated in the first week of May), Navratri (last week of October), and the Holy Annual Festival of the Roman Catholic Church (fourth week of December) are the notable festivals celebrated in Kanyakumari.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: The nearest airport is at Trivandrum (80 km). It is directly connected with Bangalore, Mumbai, Cochin, Delhi, Goa, and Chennai by regular flights.

By Rail: Kanyakumari is connected to Thiruvananthapuram, Delhi, and Mumbai by broad-gauge railway network. Tirunelvelli (80 km) is the other nearest railway junction and can be reached by road via Nagarkoil (19 km).

By Road: Kanyakumari is connected by road to Trivandrum (86 km), Nagarkoil (19 km), Tirunelvelli (91 km), Tiruchendur (89 km), Tuticorin (129 km), Rameshwaram (300 km), Courtallam (130 km), Madurai (242 km), Thekkady (358 km), Kodaikanal (362 km), Palani (370 km), Ootacamund (576 km), Cochin (309 km), and Coimbatore (478 km).

Bodhgaya - The Holy Place of Enlightenment

2010-11-29T02:51:00.000-08:00

The life of Gautam Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, is associated with the small town of Bodhgaya. It is one of the four holiest cities of Buddhist faith. The Mahabodhi temple is the main attraction of this town and is located near the spot where Lord Buddha attained spiritual enlightenment. Bodhgaya is not only an important Buddhist pilgrim center, but it is also an important center for the study of Buddhism.

LOCATION
Bodhgaya is located in the central part of the state of Bihar, in the northeastern part of India. It is the part of the great Ganges plains. It is situated on the west of the Falgu River, which is a tributary of River Ganga (Ganges). It is 13 km south of Gaya and 113 km south of Patna city. The climate of Bodhgaya is tropical. Summers are generally hot (April-June); while winters are cool (October-February). It experiences southwestern monsoon rains from July until September.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The best time to visit Bodhgaya is during winter (October-February).

HISTORY
The history of this small town is associated with Buddhism since ancient times. The region around Bodhgaya formed the part of the first small kingdoms of India in the 7th century BC. It came into limelight in 6th century BC, when a local prince Siddharth (also known as Gautam) renounced all material possession and, after practicing rigorous penances for years, attained Enlightenment or Nirvana under a Bodhi (Bo) tree here. After gaining Enlightenment, Gautam became Buddha (The Enlightened One) and spread his message of love and peace. To mark the spot where Gautam Buddha had attained Enlightenment, the great Mauryan ruler King Ashoka built a small shrine here in the 3rd century BC. Subsequent rulers left their mark on this shrine, which finally took the shape of the Mahabodhi temple that still stands.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Mahabodhi Temple: The temple stands in the east to the Bodhi Tree. Its architectural effect is superb. Its basement is 48 square feet and it rises in the form of a slender Pyramid till it reaches its neck, which is cylindrical in shape. The total height of the temple is 170 ft. and on the top of the temple are Chatras which symbolize sovereignty of religion. Four towers on its corners rise gracefully giving the holy structure a poise balance. This sacred edifice is like a grand banner unfurled by time to proclaim to the world the pious efforts of the Buddha to solve the knots of human miseries, to ascend above worldly problems and to attain transcendental peace through wisdom, good conduct and disciplined life.

Inside the temple, in the main sanctum, there is a colossal image of the Buddha in sitting posture touching the earth by his right hand. In this posture the Buddha accomplished the supreme enlightenment. The statue is of black stone but it has been guilder by the devotees. The entire courtyard of the temple is studded with large number of votive stupas. These stupas are of all sizes built during the past 2500 years ago. Most of them are extremely elegant in structural beauty. The ancient railings, which surround the temple, are of the first century BC and are among the very interesting monuments of the century.

Animesh Lochan Chaitya: It is believed that the Buddha spent one week here looking towards the great Bodhi tree out of gratitude, without twinkling his eyes.

Bodhi Tree: The present Bodhi Tree is probably the fifth succession of the original tree under which the Buddha had attained enlightenment. Vajrasana, the seat of stability, is a stone platform on which the Buddha is supposed to have sat in meditation gazing east, under the Bodhi tree.

Chankramana: This marks the sacred spot of the Buddha's meditative perambulations during the third week after pious enlightenment. It is believed that wherever the Buddha put his feet lotus sprang up.

Ratnagarh: The Buddha spent one week here, where it is believed that five colors came out of his body.

Other Treasures of Bodhgaya: 80 ft Statue of the Buddha, Lotus Tank, Buddha Kund, Rajayatana, Brahm Yoni, Chinese Temple & Monastery, Burmese Temple, Buddhist Monastery of Bhutan, International Buddhist House & Japanese Temple, Thai Temple & Monastery, Tibetan Monastery, Archaeological Museum. Sujata village (2 kms), Dungeshwari Hill (Prag bodhi) (22 kms by road), Maitraya Project (3 kms).

PLACES AROUND BODHGAYA
Sun Temple (32 km): It is a famous temple of the Sun God at Deo and has a beautiful architecture similar to the Konark Temple in Orissa. This place is famous for the 'Chhat' festival which is held in the month of October-November.

Pretshila Hill (12 km, Gaya): This hill adds to the beauty of Gaya. It is about 10 kms from the Ramshila hill. Just below the hill is the Brahma Kund. After taking bath in this pond people go for the 'Pind Dan' which involves performance of religious rites and offering donations and charity for the peace of souls of one's parents and ancestors. On top of the hill the Queen of Indore, Ahilya Bai, built a temple in 1787popularly known as Ahilya Bai Temple. This temple has always been an attraction for the tourists due to its unique architecture and magnificent sculptures.

Vishnupad Temple (12km, at Gaya): In 1787 Queen Ahilya Bai built the Vishnu temple on the banks of river Falgu. The temple has some great architecture and design which attracts devotees and tourists alike. A 30-meter high octagonal tower overshadows this temple.

Barabar Caves (41 km): It is an important archaeological site. The caves carved out from solid rocks bear details of the life of the Buddha. The interior of these caves is chiseled to a wonderful polish. The carvings in the caves reflect the skill with which these caves were carved out. These caves were built in the 3rd century and are fine examples of the skill which the Indian mansion had attained at that time. These caves of Mauryan period are rightly considered to be the origin of Indian cave architecture. It was here in these caves where the Buddha had meditated for some time and concluded that the ultimate knowledge can not be attained through mortification of the flesh.

Rajgir (80 kms): Rajgir was the capital of the mighty Magadhas, described in Mahabharata, during the 6th century BC. It is one of the most important tourist places in India. Being located in a valley, Rajgir is a very scenic place. The attractions include the Ajatshatru fort, Shanti Stupa, Venu van, Karanda tank, Sonbhandar caves, Bhimbisar jail, Gridhkuta and hot water springs and the forestry. There is an aerial ropeway for adding charm to the tour.

Nalanda (96 kms from Bodhgaya): The place where an ancient university, famous all over the world existed, which is 62 km from Bodhgaya and 90 km south of Patna. In this first residential international university of the world, 2,000 teachers and 10,000 monks students from all over the Buddhist world lived and studied here. Nalanda is a place to understand the cultural richness of India during 5th century AD. The excavations have revealed some very interesting facts regarding the ancient university, and the artifacts obtained are naturally a must for every visitor.

Gaya (17 kms from Bodhgaya): Gaya is one of the most sacred Hindu destinations. The Vishnu temple is the central pilgrimage centre and people believe it has been constructed on the footprints of Lord Vishnu. Hindus believe that if a person's last rites are performed in Gaya, the soul attains Moksha, so thousands come here to offer the last rites and funerary offerings for their ancestors, every year. Main attraction is Vishnupad temple.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
The meditation institutes of Bodhgaya organize a number of conventions, special meetings and discourses. These are usually held in the months of January and February. Travelers seeking peace of mind and spiritual upliftment must visit these programs. Important Buddhist religious festivals are celebrated with great fervor in Bodhgaya.

HOW TO REACH
By Air: The nearest airport is at Gaya 7 Kms and Patna 135 kms. Indian Airlines and Sahara Airlines connect Patna to Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi, Ranchi, Lucknow and various other cities.

By Rail: The nearest railway station is Gaya (17km).

By Road: Bodhgaya is well connected by road to Gaya (17km), Nalanda (101 km), Rajgir (78 km), Patna (135km), Varanasi (252 km), Calcutta (495km)

Kovalam

2010-11-26T22:54:00.000-08:00

Literally meaning “a grove of coconut trees”, Kovalam is barely 10 km from Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala. Three small beaches comprise the town of Kovalam. Among them, the southernmost beach, Lighthouse Beach, is the most visited one. Once, this beach was an angler’s ecstasy. It still is home to some small villages, just a few kilometers away, which belong to the fishing neighborhood. With time, it has been converted into a happening tourist spot. The typical Kerala massage-providing sessions of rejuvenation are available at the parlors sited a few kilometers away along the beaches.

One of the chief tourist destinations in Kerala, the town of Kovalam experiences heavy influx of tourists all through the year from various parts of India and the world. Kovalam Beach actually is broadly composed of three adjacent crescent beaches, Lighthouse, Samudra, and Hawah each separated by rocky promontories. Best visited during the months from September to March, the Kovalam Beach is one of the choicest holidaying options comprising aquamarine waters, gleaming sands, and palm fringes.

Kovalam Beach
The Kovalam beach is probably the finest among all tourist attractions in Kovalam with its coconut fringes, palm beer, seafood and the revitalizing Ayurvedic massages that are available at the adjacent parlors. Furthermore, the comforting sunbath and suntan facilities at the beach are some of the major tourist attractions. Swimming, yogic exercises, fresh seafood and diving in the Arabian Sea are among some of the other entertainment facilities at the beach.

Catamaran cruises
Some of the most popular activities here include the Catamaran cruises, on the country rafts. Very recently a new tour operating company of Trivandrum has found a new package suitable for deep-sea fishing. This new project revolves around the Vizhinjam fishing harbor, at hardly 4 km to the eastern side of Kovalam Beach. Water sports lovers can make good use of surfboards and boogie boards that are obtainable on rental basis on the beach.

Ayurvedic Massage
Among other alluring tourist activity options are the Ayurvedic massages and treatments provided at several resorts and hotels on your tour to Kovalam. In Kovalam There are a number of Yoga centers as well. Recitals of some of the cultural Kerala art forms like Kathakali and ethnic martial art, Kalarippayattu can be extremely fulfilling.

Private Beaches
Kovalam Ashok Beach Resort, Somatheeram, Coconut Bay Beach Resort, Niki’s Nest, Uday Samudra Beach Resort, Surya Samudra Beach Garden, and Hotel Samudra are some of the most frequented among innumerable beach holiday resorts. Most of these private beaches are positioned in close proximity to Vizhinjam at hardly 8 km away from Kovalam.

Excursions around Kovalam
At just sixteen kilometers north of Kovalam, the holy city of Anantha, Thiruvananthapuram City can make for an exhilarating trip from Kovalam. Sri Padmnabhaswamy Temple is a significant tourist site of this city. Puthan Malika or Horse Palace is a wooden palace, situated near the Temple. The assets of the royal family and the very structure of the palace are some of the appreciative elements of the place. Located few meters away, the Chalai Market is a sprawling typical Keralite marketplace. The Napier Museum constructed in Indo-Saracenic Style, is positioned just 3 km away.

Positioned about 60 km away from Thiruvananthapuram city, the hill resort, Ponmudi is known for its tea plantations and jungle streams. Another lovely site to be visited is Kanyakumari (Cape Comorin), the southern tip of the Indian subcontinent. Sited 90 km to the east of Kovalam where three oceans converge, Kanyakumari is located in the state of Tamil Nadu. A few moments on the Vivekananda Rock here located exactly on the sea can be an extremely soothing experience. Padmnabhapuram Palace, the second largest wooden palace in Asia, on your way to Kanyakumari, is a major tourist attraction in Kovalam.

Best Season, Climate, and Clothing
Kovalam is best visited during the months between September and March. In winter the average temperature ranges between 30 and 32 degree Celsius while the summer temperature hovers around 30 to 35 degree Celsius. Rains start around the first week of June and continue till early August. The second turn of monsoons starts towards late October and lasts for the next two weeks.

How to Reach Kovalam
Kovalam is comfortably reachable by air and rail alike. The Thiruvananthapuram International Airport is hardly 14 km away from the Kovalam town. Kovalam is linked with the major Indian cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Bangalore by Indian Airlines and Jet airways. Regular rail services are accessible to and from Thiruvananthapuram Central Railway Station which happens to be the nearest railway station to Kovalam connecting to all major parts of India.

Srinagar - Paradise on Earth

2010-11-24T02:41:00.000-08:00

Srinagar is the summer capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir and is the pride of the beautiful valley of Kashmir. Srinagar is famous for its lakes and the charming rows of houseboats floating on them. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dry fruits.

LOCATION
Srinagar is located in the western part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, in the northern region of India. It is located in the Kashmir valley. River Jhelum passes through Srinagar city. Srinagar is 876 km north of Delhi. The weather in Srinagar is alpine. Summers (April-June) are mild and winters are cold (November-February). It experiences heavy snowfall in December-February.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The best time to visit Srinagar is during summers between April and June.

HISTORY
The history of the Kashmir valley has been turbulent. In the 3rd century BC, it was a part of the great Mauryan Empire. Later on, this region flourished under the rule of the Kushans in the 1st century AD. It was an important Buddhist center around this time. In the 6th century, it was a part of the kingdom of Vikramaditya, the ruler of Ujjain.

Local Hindu rulers ruled it until the 14th century, after which Muslims invaded and ruled it. Srinagar was a part of the Mughal Empire in the medieval period. However, with the decline of the Mughal Empire and the rule of the Pathans, the fortunes of the area gradually dwindled. In 1814, it became a part of the Sikh empire, when Ranjit Singh defeated the Pathans. However, the British defeated Ranjit Singh and according to the treaty of Lahore in 1846, they installed Gulab Singh as the independent ruler of Kashmir.

The descendents of Gulab Singh ruled Kashmir under the vigilance of the British till 1947. Hari Singh, the great grandson of Gulab Singh, merged this princely state into India in 1948, when Pathan marauders from Pakistan tried to overrun this state.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
The valley of Kashmir, in which Srinagar is located, is also referred to as being a heaven on earth. The Mughal emperor Jahangir was so captivated by the beauty of this valley that he exclaimed "Gar firdaus, ruhe zamin ast, hamin asto, hamin asto, hamin asto" (If there is a heaven on earth, it's here, it's here, it's here). There are a number of tourist places in and around Srinagar.

The Dal Lake is an important tourist attraction of Srinagar. It is located on the eastern end of the city. The Dal Lake comprises of a series of lakes, including the Nagin Lake some 8 km from the city center. One can enjoy the panoramic view of the mountains surrounding Srinagar from this lake. Travelers can enjoy taking a ride on traditional Kashmiri boats or the Shikaras to explore the intricate maze of waterways of this lake.

The other major attractions of Srinagar city are the well laid out Mughal styled gardens. The Shalimar Bagh and the Nishat Bagh are beautiful gardens located to the far eastern side of the Dal Lake. One can take a stroll amongst these green and attractive gardens and enjoy the waterworks within them.

The temple of Shankaracharya is another important place to visit in Srinagar. Jaluka, the son of emperor Ashoka, built it in the 3rd century BC.

PLACES AROUND SRINAGAR
There are number of interesting places to visit near Srinagar. Most of these places are located amongst picturesque settings of the mighty Himalayas. Apart from natural beauty, they offer a number of adventure activities to the traveler.

Gulmarg is 52 km southeast of Srinagar and is located at an altitude of 2730 m above sea level. In summers, the meadows of Gulmarg are laden with flowers. In winters, the snow-covered slopes of Gulmarg turn into a skiing resort, which attracts the traveler seeking adventure and thrill. It is a popular trekking destination and boasts of the world's highest golf course.

Sonamarg is 80 km northeast of Srinagar and is located at an altitude of 2740 m. It is set in a valley amongst glaciers and placid lakes. The flower laden meadows, panoramic view of the lofty snow covered Himalayan peaks, and a number of trekking and hiking trails have made Sonamarg a popular tourist destination.

Pahalgam is 95 km east of Srinagar and is located in the quiet Liddar valley, at a height of 2130 m. It provides an ideal setting for activities like hiking, trekking and fishing. It is also the starting point of the annual pilgrimage to the holy cave of Amarnath.

SHOPPING IN SRINAGAR
Srinagar is famous for its traditional Kashmiri handicrafts. The Handicraft items make excellent souvenirs from Srinagar. Besides the number of utilitarian items of daily use, Woolen and silk carpets from Srinagar are specialties. The carpets are not only known for their highly intricate decorations and patterns, which show a strong Islamic/Persian influence, they are also renowned for their durability and subtle colors. Chain-stitch carpets from Srinagar are also popular craft items.

Exquisite papier-mâché items such as boxes, vases, replicas of samovar (metal container used for heating water for tea), houseboat models, etc., in all shapes and having bright colors and designs also attract the tourists.

The handicrafts repertoire of Kashmir is incomplete without woolen shawls and woodcarving. You may purchase richly embroidered woolen shawls in all colors and intricate designs in Srinagar. Apart from regular woolen shawls, you can also buy Pashmina shawls (made from the hair of ibex), which is a highly valued shawl made in Kashmir. As Kashmir is the only state in India where walnut trees grow, craftsmen here create intricate carvings on walnut wood to make items like tables, chairs, stools, fruit bowls, partitions, etc., that have rich floral and trellis patterns carved on them. All these handicraft items make options for gift items from Srinagar.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - Srinagar is well connected by air with Delhi.

BY RAIL - Srinagar does not have a railway station and the nearest railhead is Jammu Tawi, which is 305 km from Srinagar.

BY ROAD - It is well connected by road to important places like Chandigarh (630 km), Delhi (876 km), Jammu (298 km), Leh, Kargil, Gulmarg, Sonamarg, and Pahalgam.

Nagpur - City of Oranges

2010-11-23T03:28:00.000-08:00

Nagpur, known as the city of oranges, is the third largest city in the western Indian state of Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune. Nagpur is one of the major industrial cities of Maharashtra. Nagpur is important geographically as it lies practically at the centre of India with the country's geographical centre being situated here. Nagpur is well-known throughout India as a trade centre for high-quality oranges grown in the surrounding region and hence the city is also known as Santra Nagari.

HISTORY OF NAGPUR
Gond prince of Deogad kingdom, Bhakt Buland, founded Nagpur in the early 18th century in the Chhindwara district. He tried to change the life of Nagpur as his new capital after seeing the advantage of civilized life of Delhi. His successor Chand Sultan too continued the work of Bhakt Buland. Disputes regarding succession arose with the death of Chand Sultan in 1739.

Maratha governor of Berar, Raghuji Bhonsle, tried to restore his elder son to the throne, and the control of Nagpur slowly passed on from the Gonds to the Marathas. Later Nagpur became the capital of the Bhonsles. Bhonsles lost to the British and Nagpur came under British influence in 1817. Raghuji III died without leaving any heir in 1853. As a result, the city came under the full control of British under Lord Dalhousie's Doctrine of Lapse.

Nagpur became the capital of the Central Provinces of India in 1861. With the advent of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIP) in 1867, its development spurred as a trade centre.

After Indian independence, Nagpur became the capital of Madhya Bharat state (C.P. and Berar). In 1960, the Marathi majority Vidarbha region was merged with the new state of Maharashtra and Nagpur was designated the second capital of Maharashtra state, alternating with Bombay as the seat of the Maharashtra state legislature.

TOURIST ATTRACTIONS OF NAGPUR
Gavilgad Fort: It is located near the hill station of Chikhaldara in Amravati district. The Hindu rulers originally constructed Gavilgad fort. It is located at a height of about 370 ft above sea level (MSL). Historians believe that it is 200-300 years old, although the fort's history is not known till date.

Magnificent Forts of Balapur: The forts of Balapur are named after goddess Baladevi. Balapur has turned into a seat of pilgrimage and a tourist spot over the years. It is located between the two rivers of Mana and Mhais. This place is at a distance of 6 km from the railway station.

Lonar Lake: Lonar Lake is the third largest natural salt-water lake in the world. The lake has also a dam of 1800 m. It comes after Bosmatvi Lake in Ghana, which has a diameter of 10000 m and New Cubec in Canada with a Dai of 3500 m.

Vidarbha Pandhari Kundinpur: It is located on the banks of Wardha River in Tiwsa Tehsil of Nagpur. It is about 120 km from Nagpur. There organize an annual ten-day fair during Karthik Purnima that attracts not less than 50000 devotees.

Markandeya Temple: It is located in Chamorshi Tehsil in Gadchiroli district. The shortest route is via Milswali-Sakhri, which is about 183km. Markandi can be also reached by taking Nagpur - Chandrapur - Mul Road.

Naranala Fort: Narnala Fort is located in Akola district in Maharashtra. The fort is still in a good condition. The fort is located amidst forest. The fort is well maintained and is worth giving a shot. Neglect of the Archaeological Survey Department is visible in this fort. The fort has a fortress wall and beautiful bastions. Akola is well connected by road with the important and big cities of Maharashtra. Hotels are available in Akola.

PLACES TO SEE NEAR NAGPUR
Adasa: Adasa is located at a distance of 45 km from Nagpur. This small village has a plethora of ancient and magnificent temples. There is also a Ganapati Temple here, which is worth to be visited. The idol of the Lord is a single stone, set up to facilitate easy worship for the devotees. This place is easily accessible from Nagpur with many buses are plying from Nagpur, Kamleshwar and Saoner.

Kanha: It is located at 275 kms from city. It is situated in the pristine forest of Central Indian State of Madhya Pradesh. It is on e of the best place in India, to observe the tiger's activity.

Khekranala: Khekranala is situated at a distance of 55 km from Nagpur. There is a beautiful dam at this place. The location of the site is so greenery and peaceful, as it is in the range forest of Khapra. Dense foliage covers the water reservoir.

Markanda: Markanda is a cluster of nearly 24 temples, which resembles the architecture of the Khajuraho temples. This small town is located on the left bank of Vainganga River, which is famous as a religious site. The place derives its name from Sage Markandeya.

Dhapewada: Dhapewada Lake is 8 km from Ramtek and 60 km from Nagpur. This place has a small temple of Vithoba lies peacefully on the banks of the Chandrabhaga River. It has a variety of water sports to offer as well. This place is known to be the Pandharpur of Vidarbha. Khindsey Lake is another beautiful water body set amidst the green stretch of the Ramtek hill. This place is an ideal picnic spot.

Nagardhan: Nagardhan too has a fort, which is believed to be constructed by the Bhonsles. Gifted with an abundance of wild life, Nagzira has a wildlife sanctuary resting in natural domains that are a harmonious combination of lush greens and water bodies. Gaur, sambar and deer can be seen here.

Nawegaon Dam: Nawegaon Dam is the most popular forest resort of Vidarbha. The resort provides different adventure sports. Kolu Patel Kohli built this dam at the start of the 18th century. A placed lake adorns the hub of the hill ranges. There are also watchtowers to catch the wildlife in action. There is a deer park near the dam as well called Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, along with three fascinating gardens and children's park.

Ramtek: Ram temple, which is more than 600 years old and Jain Temple, which has some beautiful carvings and sculpture are the main attractions of Ramtek. Ramtek is at a distance of 50 km from Nagpur. Lord Rama, Sita and Laxman were believed to be visited this place. Kalidas composed Meghdoot in this place.

Pavnar: Strategically located on the verge of the Dham River, Pavnar is of extreme historical importance. Its name derived from a Rajput ruler Pawan. It forms one of the most prehistoric colonies in the district. Gandhi Kuti and Paramdham Ashram of Vinobaji are the attractions of this place.

NAGPUR SHOPPING
Nagpur being a major city of Maharashtra has quite wide ranges of shopping places. Street shops are there at major streets for fashionable items as well as the show rooms for the deeper pockets. Sitabuldi, WHC Road, Dharampeth Road, Residency Road (Sadar) are famous for Shopping. Poonam Chambers in Chhindwara Road is a shopping mall for branded clothes and non-branded clothes, shoes, super bazaar, gifts and cards, jewellry shops, furniture, snacks and fast food, and music.

Nagpur is famous for its world-class oranges. It is claimed to be one of the most remunerative potential foreign exchange earning crops of not only of this region but also as one of the horticultural crops after mango and banana at national level in India. Orange products like jam, jelly, marmalade and fruit squash can also be purchased in cheapest rates with best quality. Oranges are cultivated in 80000 hectares in the entire Vidarbha region with a total production of nearly 5 lakh tons. Nagpur orange in Nagpur district is cultivated in 20, 965 hectares area.

Nagpur is flourishing on trades like cotton/handloom textiles, wood, tobacco, machine tools and plastics. Moreover Nagpur is the home for largest automakers Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd., Ashok Leyland Ltd., reputed steel makers Nagpur Engg. Co. Ltd (NECO), Sunflag Iron Steel Co. Ltd., Nippon Denro Ispat Ltd., largest paper maker Ballarpur Paper Mills, finest textile maker Raymond Ltd. (India), largest cement makers Associated Cement Companies Ltd., Ambuja Cements ltd., L & T Cement (Larsen & Tubro Ltd.), Birla Cement works (Manikgarh Cement Ltd.),

FAIR AND FESTIVALS OF NAGPUR
Marbat: Marbat is celebrated only in the Nagpur region, especially in the Nagpur city. People prepare statues of evil forces and take out procession in this festival. These statues are burnt at the end, and assumed that all evil forces are burnt. It is believed that the city would be free from all types of evils after it.

Ramjanam: This festival is organized on the birthday of Ramchandra. Ramjanam is celebrated with great enthusiasm and brotherhood in Nagpur. A rath yatra is taken out from the Ram Mandir to major parts of the city. Rath yatra is the procession of God Shri Ramchandraji on chariot. The rath yatra wraps up at the same location where it started.

To welcome Ram Chandraji, nearly 2,00,000 people gathers on both sides of the streets. Procession starts with the youngsters on skating wearing traditional dresses. Tribal dances are also performed in front of the chariot. Wearing masks of different Gods, like Ganesh and Hanuman, young boys and girls march ahead of chariot.

HOW TO REACH NAGPUR
By Air: Nagpur is connected with domestic flights with the cities of Mumbai, Calcutta, Delhi Hyderabad, Pune, Bhubaneswar and Raipur. Nagpur's Sonegaon airport is nearly 8 km south of the city.

By Rail: Electrified broad gauge railway track connects Nagpur to all four major cities and villages of India with Nagpur. Nagpur railway station is an important rail junction on the Central and Southeastern lines.

By Road: Bombay Calcutta NH-6 and Kanyakumari Varanasi NH-7 pass through the city. This city is well connected by road with major cities and villages in and out the state of Maharashtra.

Pune - Queen of the Deccan

2010-11-22T00:50:00.000-08:00

Pune is Maharashtra's second city, which lies close to the Western Ghat Mountains, on the edge of the Deccan plains as they stretch away to the east. Pune is the cultural capital of the Maratha people, which is also known as the "Queen of the Deccan". Pune is a contrast of history and modernism. Pune is considered as the Oxford of India - with its many educational and research institutions apart from other institutions for sports, yoga, ayurveda, culture and social services. Pune is nowadays also seen as a potential city for massive growth of Information Technology. Pune is a city with a future that promises to be as interesting as its history.

Long-standing bastion of the Maratha Empire and home to the legendary Raja Shivaji, the Pune district is marked by magnificent land and sea forts, testimony to its glorious past.

After Shivaji, the early 18th century saw the emergence of the Peshwas, a Maratha family that grew from being ministers at the court into a major political power over the next few decades. However, after the battle of Panipat in 1761, the Maratha Empire began to decline and in 1818, Pune was taken over by the British East India Company.

Today, Pune is the centre of traditional Marathi culture, in which education, arts and crafts, and theatre are given pride of place. It has one of India's oldest universities and its numerous colleges attract both Indian and international students, which is probably why it is called the Oxford of the East.

Pune is slowly becoming a cosmopolitan city and is now an important commercial centre. The narrow winding roads of the old Pune offer an interesting contrast to the open, spacious new city. However, Pune retains the old-world charm and its many quaint characteristics, including the omnipresent cyclists, rickshaws and a daily siesta hour that is taken very seriously indeed.

Surrounded by verdant hills and beautiful lakes, Pune has a temperate climate and is among the greenest urban areas in the country.

HISTORY
The city was one of the pivotal bases of the 17th century Maratha ruler Chhatrapati Shivaji, who was born at the Shivneri Fort here. Pune became the seat of the enterprising Peshwas, under whom Maratha power rose into a major political force. The Peshwas were renowned patrons of the arts and in their time, enriched the city with temples, gardens and educational institutions. After the Battle of Koregaon in 1818, Pune fell into the hands of the East India Company. It was here that Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak introduced the principle of Swadeshi during the Freedom Movement. The British proposed to transform the city into a 'monsoon capital' but instead developed it into a 19th century Indian army town and renamed it Poona.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
The most important landmark of Pune is the residence of the self-proclaimed guru, Bhagwan Rajneesh, also known as Osho. The ashram in Pune still attracts thousands of devotees, sightseers, curious onlookers and lots of controversy. The Shaniwarawada Palace with its pleasant gardens and huge outer walls is another must visit in Pune.

The Raja Kelkar Museum with unusual, the antique and the artistic collections draws several tourists. The major exhibits are the 17th century miniatures, of musical instruments, of antique pottery, and unusually, betel-nut cutters and brass padlocks. The other must visit museum is the Tribal Museum near the railway station.

The Gandhi National memorial, in the Aga Khan palace is also an important landmark of Pune. The 8th century rock-cut temple, the Ptaleshwar Temple on a hill a little outside town is one of the most popular temples, dedicated to goddess Parvati. There is a famous Muslim shrine, the Qamarali Darvesh that has a stone that is reputed to levitate. Twenty-five kilometers south-west of Pune, perched on a hill-top, is one of Maharashtra's many forests, Sinhagad, or the Lion Fort.

For enjoying the gorgeous greens Pune offers the Bund gardens on the banks of the river Mula-Mutha.

FAIR & FESTIVALS
The festivals which are celebrated in Pune are:-

The Ganesh Festival: Lord Ganesh, the patron deity of Maharashtra, is the God of wisdom. The 11-day festival begins with the installation of beautifully sculpted Ganesh idols in homes and mandaps, colorfully decorated, depicting religious themes or current events. People take Ganesh idols in procession to the accompaniment of music and dance for immersion in the sea or nearby river or lake on the 11th day.

Diwali Festival: The most beautiful of all Indian festivals, Diwali is a celebration of lights. The Diwali night in particular is a delightful feast to watch. On the same night "Laxmi Poojan" is held and the Goddess is venerated. Legend has it that Laxmi the Goddess of wealth visits all the houses hence all the houses are well-lighted and kept open. Diwali also ushers the" Hindu New Year".

Holi: Each year, after a successful winter harvest, people get ready to welcome the spring with Holi - the festival of colors. Brightly colored powders are applied on faces, and there is plenty of music, dance and sweets to fill the rest of the day. The exuberant display of colors symbolizes the advent of a colorful and prosperous spring season.

BEST SEASON
Pune could be visited through out the year. The climate is absolute for traveling. In summer cotton clothes and in winters light cottons are advised.

HOW TO REACH
Pune is the second major city of Maharashtra after Mumbai. Pune is well connected to other parts of India and the Metropolitan city of Mumbai through road, railway, and air.

Allahabad - Holy place of the confluence of River Ganges, Yamuna and Saraswati

2010-11-19T23:15:00.000-08:00

Allahabad is synonymous to Sangam. 'Sangam' actually means confluence in Hindi. The city has been named so because it is situated on the confluence of Ganges, Yamuna and mythical river Saraswati. That is why Allahabad is counted among the holiest of cities in India. A holy fair called Kumbh marks the place. These are of three types. The one that takes place every year is called 'Minor Kumbh'. Whereas the ones celebrated every 6 years and 12 years are called Ardh-Kumbh and Maha Kumbh respectively.

The Maha Kumbh that takes place every 12 years is the largest religious or for that matter, largest congregation of humankind on the earth. In the 1988 edition of Maha Kumbh, 15 million people took dip in a single day. Guinness Book holds the figure as a world record. During the Mela, whole of the city turns in to a camp of a sort. Separate camps are pitched on the bank of confluence for different sects of hermits who are always at war. There are as many as 13 different camps dedicated to various sub-sects of Vaishnavite and Shaivite sects. There are dedicated days for these dips that are calculated by astrologers.

Nevertheless, Allahabad is much more than that. There are other attractions too. Some of them like Alfred Park and Minto Park have historical importance where as some others like Allahabad University and IIIT is the temple of learning. The city is also known for its numerous museums that includes among others, Anand Bhawan and Allahabad Museum.

INFORMATION ABOUT ALLAHABAD
Allahabad is situated about 137 kms west of Varanasi at an altitude of 98 meters above sea level. Allahabad was known as Prayag and renamed as Allahabad by Akbar in 1583. Allahabad is a quiet and peaceful city and the site of Allahabad University, one of the great Universities of India. This university was built on the site of an ancient Ashram where sage Bhardwaj taught 10,000 students. This city is very sacred to the Hindus and is situated at the junction of the Ganga and the Yamuna rivers and the mythical underground Saraswati River. Various devotees have a bath at the ‘Sagam’ which is situated at the confluence of the Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati River. Every year, thousands of people gather here for the pilgrimage. But, during the Kumbh Fair, about millions of people gather here and have a sacred bath at the Sangam. Today, Allahabad is a rapidly growing commercial and administrative city. The best season to visit Allahabad is from October to March.

HISTORY OF ALLAHABAD
Hiuen Tsang, the Chinese traveler visited Prayag in 643 AD. The Muslims first conquered Prayag in 1194 and was renamed as Allahabad by Akbar in 1583. After conquering Prayag, Akbar built a fort which stands majestically at the confluence on the Yamuna side. Khusrau, Jahangir’s eldest son, was also buried in the city. The Marathas took the town in 1739 but held it only until 1750 when it was sacked by the Pathans. Later, it was the headquarters of the British Government of the North-west provinces and Oudh and here the transfer of government from the East India Company to the crown was announced by Lord Canning in 1885 with one of its founders, Allan Octavian Hulme. The great Indian patriot, Motilal Nehru, father of Pandit Jawahar Nehru also lived in this city. Various excavations were also done in the city. Draupadi Ghat has revealed signs of extensive habitation and considerable quantities of Northern Black Pottery Ware of the type found across northern India to Taxila and beyond. It has been dated from between 1100 and 800 B.C. Two other sites in the city have revealed similar types of findings. On the present site of the Bharadwaj ashram, the remains of the Kushan period have also been found.

FESTIVALS IN ALLAHABAD
The Magh Mela is celebrated every year for 15 days in the moth of January in Allahabad and bathing in the river during this fair is considered very auspicious. The Kumbh Mela is the most important fair which is celebrated in Allahabad and moves every 3 years from Allahabad, to Haridwar, Ujjain and Nasik, returning Allahabad every twelth year. This fair was described by the Eric Newby as the greatest assemblage of people gathered together in a confined space for a single purpose anywhere on earth. The story behind the Kumbh Mela is that the Hindu gods and demons vied for the pot or kumbha that held the nectar of immortality or amrit. During the flight for possession, which lasted 12 days, Vishnu was running with the pot and four drops of amrit fell to earth, making four sacred places like Allahabad, Ujjain, Nasik and Haridwar.

TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN ALLAHABAD
There are various temples and some monuments belonging to the Muslim period in Allahabad like Akbar's Fort and Khusrau Bagh. There are also some buildings which belong to the British period like the Alfred Park, Muir College or Allahabad University, St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Cathedral, the Holy Trinity Church, High Court and Minto Park. Sangam is another famous attraction in Allahabad.

Akbar's Fort: The Akbar's fort was built by Akbar in 1584 which stands majestically at the confluence on the Yamuna River. It was the largest of his forts and has three massive gateways and 7 meters high brick walls. This fort is most impressive when you view it from the river. Most of the fort is not accessible to tourists and has an Ashoka Pillar and the Zenana Palace. The Ashoka Pillar was re-erected in the Akbar’s Fort on the order of Akbar and belongs to 232 BC. It was found lying on the ground of the fort in 1837 and was set up at the present site. The Ashoka’s inscriptions are inscribed on its polished 10.6 meters high sandstone shaft. Some inscriptions were later added by Emperor Samudragupta (A.D. 326-375). This is the only historical record of the great monarch’s life. Later, Mughal Emperor Jahangir added his own inscription on the pillar. A small door in the east wall of the fort, near the river, leads to the undying banyan tree which is believed to have existed for thousands of years.

Khusrau Bagh: The Khusrau Bagh contains the tomb of Prince Khusro, who was murdered in 1615 by his own brother as he rebelled against his own father Jahangir. After staging an unsuccessful rebellion against his father Jahangir in 1607, Khusro spent the next year in chains. Two of his closest associates were less fortunate. They were sewn into the skins of a freshly slaughtered ox and ass, mounted the wrong way round on donkeys and paraded through the streets of Lahore. The hot sun dried the skins and one died from suffocation. Khusro was also forced to ride an elephant down a street lined with the heads of his supporters. When freed, Khusro undeterred encouraged a plot to assassinate his father but was discovered. Khusrau was blinded, though he did regain partial sight and spent the rest of his life as a captive. Later, he was murdered by his own brother in 1615. The garden is a typical Mughal garden enclosure, entered through an 18 m high archway and houses the large, handsome tomb of Khusro. The burial chamber is underground and the decoration is plasterwork painted with birds, flowers and Persian inscription. The tombs of his Rajput mother and sisters are located near by.

Sangam: Sangam is situated at the confluence of the Ganga, Yamuna and the mythical underground Saraswati River. The sangam is a narrow spit of land where the rivers gently mingle and is quite shallow and muddy. At any time of day or year you will find here people bathing. Every year, thousands of people gather here for the pilgrimage and to have the sacred bath in its waters. But, during the Kumbh Mela, about millions of people gather here to have the sacred bath at the Sangam.

Anand Bhawan: Anand Bhawan is the place where the Nehru family lived and is now converted into a national monument. This home was given to the state by Indira Gandhi in 1970. This house contains many items belonging to the Motilal Nehru, the father of Jawaharlal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, Sanjay Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi.

EXCURSIONS
Kausambi: Kausambi is situated on NH2, about 45 kms from Allahabad. The enormous ruins of Kausambi are spread through several villages. Kosam-Inam and Kosam-khiraj are the villages that carry names that still suggest their links with the ruins of the city of Kausam. According to the epics, Kausam was founded by a descendant of the Pandavas who left Hastinapur when it was destroyed by the Udayana. It is also one of the earliest Historical cities of the region. According to Hiuen Tsang, the Buddha preached here and in commemoration of the event, there are two monasteries. Some excavations were also made here. Many coins and terracotta’s discovered here are now displayed in the Allahabad City museum and Kausambi Museum at the Allahabad University.

HOW TO GET HERE
By Air: Allahabad is directly connected by Indian Airlines flights with Delhi, Patna, Gorakhpur, Lucknow and Varanasi. Bamrauli airport is about 10 km from the city center.

By Rail: Allahabad is situated on the main broad gauge route from Delhi to Kolkata. It is also linked to other cities by broad and meter gauge lines like Agra, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Jhansi, Kanpur, Varanasi and Lucknow.

By Road: Allahabad is located on the NH27 to Mangawan and NH2 from Delhi to Kolkata. It is also located near NH7 which runs from Varanasi to Kanyakumari. It is also connected with all major cities like Lucknow, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Nagpur, Agra, Jhansi, Bhopal and Delhi.

Tiruchirappalli or Trichy

2010-11-19T21:49:00.000-08:00

Situated in Tiruchirappalli district, on the banks of the River Kaveri (also spelt as Cauvery) is Tiruchirappalli, a city known for its educational institutions, industries, and temples. It is shortly called as "Tiruchi" or "Trichy".

Trichy is the district headquarters of the district of Tiruchirappalli and has its name for tourist attraction. The city is a thriving commercial centre in Tamil Nadu and is famous for artificial diamonds, cigars, handloom cloth, glass bangles and wooden and clay toys.

THE LANDMARK OF THE CITY
The most famous landmark of Tiruchirappalli is the Rock Fort Temple, a spectacular monument perched on a massive rocky out crop which rises abruptly from the plain to tower over the old city.

HISTORY OF TRICHY (TIRUCHIRAPPALLI)
Tiruchi itself has a long history dating back to the centuries before the Christian era when it was a Chola citadel. During the first millennium AD, it changed hands between the Pallavas and Pandyas many times before being taken by the Cholas in the 10th century AD. When the Chola Empire finally declined, Tiruchi passed into the hands of the Vijayanagar kings of Hampi and remained with them until their defeat, in 1565 AD by the forces of the Deccan Sultans.

The city and its fort, as they stand today, were built by the Nayaks of Madurai. It was one of the main centers around which the wars of the Carnatic were fought in the 18th century during the British-French struggle for supremacy in India.

PRIME ATTRACTIONS OF TRICHY (TIRUCHIRAPPALLI)
Viralimalai Sanctuary: Viralimalai is a small town situated at a distance of 30-km from Tiruchirappalli and 40-km from Pudukkottai. It is famous for its Murugan temple and the Peacock sanctuary. The town is bestowed with a large number of wild peacocks, which roam around the Murugan temple.

Sittanavasal: Located at a distance of 58-km from Trichy is Sittanavasal, a site of an ancient Jain monastery with fine fresco paintings in a rock cave. Many of them are typical of the 9th century Pandyan period and include exquisitely detailed pictures of animals, fish, ducks, people gathering lotuses from a pond and two dancing figures. There are also inscriptions dating back to the 9th and 10th centuries. Fresco paintings from the 7th century can be seen on the ceiling of the Ardhamandapam.

There are many pre-historic burial sites around Sittanavasal and among the relics unearthed are burial urns, cists and Kurangupatarai.

Government Museum: Situated at Thirukokarnam, the museum is located near the Pudukkottai station, at a distance of 40 km from Trichy. The rare collections in the sections of Geology, Zoology, Paintings, Anthropology, Epigraphy, Historical Records, etc., are very interesting. The museum is open on all days except Mondays.

Kudumianmalai: Kudumianmalai temple is located at a distance of 25-km from Trichy. The presiding deity is Lord Sikhagireeswara. There are beautiful sculptures and a thousand pillar-halls within the temple.

PLACES OF WORSHIP IN & AROUND TRICHY (TIRUCHIRAPPALLI)
Rock Fort Temple: The Rock Fort temple complex in Tiruchirappalli is a collection of three temples - the Manikka Vinayakar temple at the foot of the hill, the Uchhi Pillayar Koyil at the top of the hill and the Taayumaanavar Koyil (Shivastalam) on the hill. This Shivastalam is a rock cut temple on a hill and is the most prominent landmark in Tiruchirappalli that can be reached by a flight of steps on the way to the famous Ucchi Pillayar temple.

Gangaikondan Cholapuram: GangaikondaCholapuram is located in Udayarpalayam Taluk (also spelt as Taluka) of Perambalur district, at a distance of 100-km from Trichy. Rajendra I, a Chola ruler established GangaikondaCholapuram as his capital city and built a magnificent temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. Apart from the huge Nandi, there are some beautiful sculptures including a dancing Ganesha, a lion-headed well and a stunning piece depicting Rajendra being crowned by Lord Shiva and Parvati.

Kodumbalur: Also known as "Moovarkoil", Kodumbalur is 36-km from Pudukkottai and 42-km from Tiruchirappalli. It was formerly the seat of Irukkuvelirs, who were related to the Cholas. Of the three shrines of Moovarkoil only two exist now. Boodhi Vikramakesari built these temples in the 10th century AD. The architecture of the temple is unique among south Indian temples. The sculptures of Kalarimurthi, Gajasamharamurthi Ardhanariswara, Gangadaramurthi, etc. are interesting masterpieces of art. Nearby is the Muchukundeswarar temple of the early Chola period.

Sri Ranganathaswami Temple at Srirangam: Located 7-km from Trichy is Srirangam, the abode of the Supreme Lord, Sri Ranganatha, the reclining form of Lord Vishnu. The temple of Ranganatha, the largest in India, is of particular reverence to all Hindus. Srirangam is also listed as one of the Nava Graha Sthalas, or temples representing the planets.

Tiruvanaikkaval or Jambukeswara Temple: Situated 2-km east of Srirangam, this beautiful Shiva temple steals the show from the larger Ranganathaswami temple due to its excellent architectural design. The temple is named after the elephant, which is believed to have worshipped Lord Shiva here. Installed under an ancient Jambu tree, the lingam is partially submerged by water and meant to represent God incarnate as Water.

Avadayar Koil: Avadayar Koil, previously known as "Thiruperunthurai", is an important Shivasthala located at a distance of 8 miles from the Arantangi railway station and about 94-km from Trichy. The sculptural work of the temple is exquisite. It is perhaps the best architectural marvel in South India.

Gunaseelam: Located at a distance of 22-km from Trichy is Gunaseelam, a place famous for its temple for Lord Vishnu, known as "Prasanna Venkateswara".

St. John's Church: Built in 1812, St. John's Church has louver doors which open to convert it into an airy pavilion. The surrounding cemetery is also interesting.

Elakurichi: At a distance of 65-km from Trichy is Elakurichi, a place famous for the ancient church built by the famous Catholic Missionary, Constantine Joseph Beschi, popularly known as "Veeramamunivar".

Avur: Located at a distance of 30-km from Trichy is Avur, which is famous for an old church constructed by Father John Venantius Bouchet.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS OF TRICHY (TIRUCHIRAPPALLI)
The Float Festival celebrated during the months of March-April at the Rock Fort Temple draws crowds in huge numbers. Mohini Alangaram, Vaikunta Ekadasi, Garuda Seva, Flower Festival and the Car Festival (December-January) are the other main festivals celebrated at Srirangam.

SHOPPING IN TRICHY (TIRUCHIRAPPALLI)
Trichy is famous for its cigars and cheroots. Amongst handicraft are brassware, handloom textiles, pith models of temples and Rock Fort, wood and clay toys, jewellery, ornamental carved brass and copper plates inlaid with silver (Tanjore plates), brassware, silks, carpets and musical instruments.

HOW TO GET THERE
By Air: Tiruchirappalli has an airport (5-km) from the city. Various airlines connect Tiruchi with Chennai, Sharjah, Kuwait and Colombo.

By Rail: Tiruchi is an important junction on the Southern Railway. It connects Chennai, Thanjavur, Madurai, Tirupati, Tuticorin and Rameshwaram on the meter gauge, and Bangalore, Coimbatore, Mysore, Kochi, Kannyakumarai and Mangalore on the broad gauge.

By Road: Tiruchi is well connected by road with important places of South India. City bus service, tourist taxis, auto rickshaws and cycle rickshaws are available for local transportation.

Haridwar - Gateway to the Gods

2010-11-18T22:52:00.000-08:00

Haridwar, meaning Gateway to God, is one of the most holy places in India. It is believed to be as old as Varanasi. Haridwar holds the Kumbh Mela every 6th and 12th year on the famous Har ki Paudi ghat.

Haridwar is a holy city in the state of Uttaranchal in Northern India. Known as the Gateway to the Gods, Haridwar is considered one of the seven holiest places according to Hindus, as the devas are said to have left their footprints there. Here pilgrims float diyas on the Ganges, to commemorate their deceased ancestors. The city also stands as a gateway to three other important pilgrimage destinations: Rishikesh, Badrinath, and Kedarnath. In Haridwar you will see a great statue of Shiva at the fork of the river. If you are there for a short visit, it is definitely worth to visit the temple on top of the mountain, with a wonderful view.

The holy city of Haridwar is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh at a distance of 214 km from Delhi. Haridwar extends from latitude 29° 58' in the north to longitude 78°13' in the east. The place is well connected to other cities of north India by road and train.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
Haridwar is situated at a height of almost 300 meters above sea level and the temperature usually hovers around 40°C during summers. Winters see the mercury dipping to as low as 6°C. The best season to visit Haridwar is between October and March during winter.

HISTORY
Haridwar or 'the Gateway to the Gods' is one of the seven holiest places according to Hindu mythology, as the Gods are believed to have left their footprints in Haridwar. Due to its geographical location too, Haridwar stands as the gateway to the other three important pilgrimages of Uttrakhand namely, Rishikesh, Badrinath and Kedarnath. Referred to as Mayapuri, Gangadwar, and Mokshadwar in the ancient scriptures and epics, Haridwar has always remained a major pilgrimage for the Hindus.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Har-Ki-Pauri, the sacred ghat was constructed by King Vikramaditya in the memory of his brother Bhartrihari. The golden reflection of floral diyas in the river Ganges is the most enchanting sight in the twilight during the Ganga aarti ceremony at the ghat.

The temple of Chandi Devi a top the Neel Parvat on the other bank of river Ganges was constructed in AD 1929 by Suchat Singh, the then King of Kashmir. The temple is a 3-km trek from Chandi Ghat and it is believed that the Adi Shankaracharya established the main statue in eighth century AD. The Chandi Devi Temple is now also accessible by a ropeway, which starts near the Gauri Shankar Temple.

The temple a top the Bilwa Parvat is dedicated to Goddess Mansa Devi. One can have a panoramic view of Haridwar, the Ganges, and the countryside from this place.

The Vaishno Devi temple here is newly constructed and a true replica of the original Vaishno Devi temple in Jammu & Kashmir.

The Gurukul Kangadi University is a center of learning where education is imparted in the traditional Indian way. Within the precincts of the University is the Veda Mandir, which houses many archaeological exhibits. It is situated on the Haridwar-Jwalapur bypass road.

Other important places to visit are the Bharat Mata Temple, Maya Devi Temple, Bhimgoda, and Shanti Kunj.

PLACES AROUND HARIDWAR
Rishikesh is at the base of the Himalayas and it is where the Ganges comes down to the plains from the hills. A breathtaking experience of natural beauty and undiscovered wildlife awaits here. Not to mention the peace and tranquility of a landscape associated with sages and meditation.

The Daksh Mahadev Temple is an ancient shrine situated to the south of Kankhal town. This temple was constructed by Queen Dhankaur in AD 1810. Kankhal has several other temples and ashrams too.

The Sapt Rishi Ashram is situated along the Haridwar-Rishikesh road. The Ganges flows in seven streams in front of this Ashram, hence this place is also called Sapt Sarovar.

The Kanva Rishi Ashram is situated around 42 km from Haridwar. The ashram is on the banks of the Malini River along the forest road to Kotdwar.

The Chila Wildlife Sanctuary, part of the Rajaji National Park, covers an area of around 240 sq. km. It has 23 species of mammals and 315 fauna species. Lucky tourists can catch glimpses of elephants, tigers, leopards, jungle cats, Himalayan yellow throated martens, sambers, chitals, barking dears, wild boars, langurs, ghurals, sloth bears, king cobras, woodpeckers, etc. Fishing in the river there is allowed with permits only.

The Triveni ghat is an interesting place to be at dawn, when people make offerings of milk to the river and feed the fish. After sunset, priests set floating lamps on the water during the Aarti ceremony.

The temple of Neelkanth Mahadev, a place associated with Lord Shiva, is situated at a height of 1700 meters. It is a 4-hour walk from Rishikesh and a not-to-be-missed destination away from the madding crowd.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
Haridwar, one of the oldest and holiest pilgrim centers of India, is also the place that plays host to around eight to ten million devotees during the Kumbh Mela. The history of the Kumbh Mela dates back to the creation of the Universe and as a show of their faith, Hindus from all over the country assemble to take a holy dip in the Ganges.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - The nearest airport is the Jolly Grant in Dehradun, but it is preferable to use the roads or rail to Delhi and then take flights to the destination of ones choice.

BY RAIL - Haridwar is well connected by trains to almost all the major cities in India. In fact, trains are the major source of the tourist inflow to Haridwar.

BY ROAD - The National Highway no.45 crosses the city, so it is connected to other cities of the state as well as those in the other states too. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

Bhubaneswar - The Temple City of Eastern India

2010-11-18T03:38:00.000-08:00

The ancient city of Bhubaneswar is also known as the Temple City of Eastern India. The word Bhubaneswar in its literal sense means the 'God's World' which showcases the walk down centuries of temple architecture. With 600 temples in its treasure, the city is probably the only city in the world that presents a veritable over-view of the stages of development of Hindu religious architecture. Today these temples are a gentle reminder of the gracious past and the rich heritage of India. During the ancient times the regular dances were performed by the 'Devadasis' or divine temple dancers girls, the rituals and the recital of religious song were all central part of temple culture.

ATTRACTIONS - DEVOTION THROUGH STONES
Main attractions of Bhubaneswar are mostly temples and most of them were built before 10th century. Apart from Parashurameshwara Temple, Vaital Deul and Mukteshwar Temple, there are many more important temples in Bhubaneswar. Also visit Dhauli, which is one of the major Buddhist center in India. It is situated at a distance of just 8 km.

Parashurameshwara Temple: Parashurameshwara Temple is one of the most well preserved temples in Orissa. Built in 7 century, the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple is a cluster of 20 other smaller temples. Though the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, but you will find images of Lord Vishnu, Goddesses, Lord Yama and Lord Surya. The temple is quite extensively carved and is a perfect example of ancient temple architecture.

Vaital Deul: If you have been to few temples in Orissa, then Vaital Deul will surprise you as much as it will mesmerize you. The style of its architecture is absolutely different from what you would have seen till now. The temple is dedicated to Chamunda (incarnation of Goddess Kali). The temple build in 8th century is more based on Khakhara Order rather than Kalinga style. Khakhara Order is a sub division of Kalinga School. The tower (deul) of the temple is rectangular in shape and has the more common deul on all four sides. The architecture seems a lot more complicated and stunning.

Mukteshwar Temple: It is one of the most beautiful temples in Orissa. Build in 10th century; the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Its architecture is more in Kalinga Temple style. The outer walls show figures of ascetics in various positions of meditations. You will be amazed to see carvings related to Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism all together. Often referred to as 'gem of Orissa', temple's main attraction is the magnificent torana-the decorated arch gateway.

Dhauli: Situated at a distance of 8 Km from Bhubaneswar is Dhauli Hills which was witness to one of the most significant wars in Indian History, the Kalinga War. The war saw the transformation of a monstrous king into one of the most revered figures of mercy and compassion. King Ashoka mastered the principles of Buddhism and spread it to places far and wide. The place is famous for the Buddhist Peace Pagoda which was built here in the seventies by Japan Buddha Sangha and Kalinga Nippon Buddha Sangha. It is popularly known as Shanti Stupa.

EXCURSIONS FROM BHUBANESWAR
Bhubaneswar makes some of the most desired tourist excursions.

Dhauligiri: Dhauligiri has an attraction of Ashokan edicts. These edicts carved on the rock dates back to 2nd century BC. It is here that Ashoka, the great, was transformed into Ashoka, and became the follower of Lord Buddha. Dhauli has gained prominence due to the establishment of Shanti Stupa, built in the early seventies by the Japan Buddha Sangha and Kalinga Nippon Buddha Sangha. A Much Visited Destination.

Udaygiri & Khandagiri Caves: Udaygiri & Khandagiri is famous for its cave structures. There are series of cave temples belonging to the Hindu and Jain faiths. A guide is a must if interested in visiting the site as he could give you the most bona fide information regarding the site.

Sisupalgarh: Sisupalgarh holds the charm of some ancient ruins of third or fourth century BC. One can have a fair ideal of a well developed ancient city by visiting the site and establish the fact that the Bhubaneswarn civilization has very ancient roots.

Nandan Kanan Zoo: If wildlife enthusiast then Nandan Kanan Zoo makes the ideal destination. The zoo is famous for viewing the Royal Bengal Tiger and white tigers.

Chandipur: It is a seaside resort with one of the finest beaches in Bhubaneswar. Go for an exclusive applique work at Pipli -29 km, a small village famous for its traditional art form originally made for the temple Gods.

Atri Springs: Atri Springs has sulfur springs and is also famous for its Hatakeshwara Temple. A bath in the spring water is reputed to cure skin diseases apart from being a pleasant experience.

Konark Sun Temple: The Konark Sun Temple is a marvelous specimen of 13th century, temple architecture. The beauty lies in its structure as it is constructed in a chariot form. The ruins have sculptures detailing every aspect of human life. The city is also embellished with some of the most beautiful beaches of East India.

Nandankanan: Nestling in the Chandaka forest, Nandankanan is a Wildlife Reserve where one can encounter these wilds in their natural habitat. A lake flowing through the reserve adds to the charm of great wild. Tigers, Lions, Clouded Leopards, Black Panthers, Gharials, Rosy Pelican, Grey Pelican, Indian Python, King Cobra, etc. are among the main attractions. The exotic Botanical Garden on the other side of the zoo preserves varieties of indigenous plants. Regular bus services are available to reach the place.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
On the day of Ashokashtami in the month of March, the image of Lingaraja (Lord Shiva) and other deities are taken in a procession from Lingaraja Temple to the Rameshwara Temple. Hundreds of devotees participate in pulling the chariot that carries the deities. The deities remain in the Rameshwara Temple for four days.

At the end of January comes Adivasi Mela, a fair that displays the art, artifacts, tradition, culture, and music of the tribal folks of Orissa.

Other festivals of importance are Durga Puja, Janmashtami, and Kali Puja.

HOW TO GET THERE
By Air: Indian Airlines and many private airlines fly on regular basis to Bhubaneswar. Bhubaneswar Airport is 3 km from the city centre and almost all the major cities are connected from here.

By Rail: Bhubaneswar also have good railway network connecting it to major cities of India like Kolkatta, Puri, Bhubaneswar, Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Tirupati.

By Road: The national highway no.5 touches this capital city. The main bus stand is at Barmunda, 8 km from the city centre. There are regular interstate bus services from the nearby towns and cities.

Local Transport: Bhubaneswar State Transport operates regular buses between Bhubaneswar and Berhampur, Chilika, Konark, Puri, and other places. Taxis, auto-rickshaws, cycle-rickshaws and local bus services are available. Autos are also a main source of transport. Tourist taxis and deluxe buses are available on rent from Transport Manager. The old bus stand in Unit II (off Rajpath) is mainly used for local services.

Aurangabad

2010-11-16T23:33:00.000-08:00

The city of Aurangabad is known for its medieval monuments and cultural heritage. It was the seat of the Mughal Empire for a short period. The city boasts of Bibi-ka-Makbara, a tomb that has some resemblance to the Taj Mahal. The importance of Aurangabad is great, owing to its proximity with world heritage sites of Ajanta and Ellora. These sites have Buddhist, Jain and Hindu temples. Aurangabad is also famous for its silk and cotton textiles.

LOCATION
Aurangabad city is located in the northern part of the state of Maharashtra, in the western region of India. It is 375 km from Mumbai (Bombay). The city is surrounded by hills. The weather of Aurangabad is temperate with moderate winters (November-February) and summers (April-June). This region experiences good southwestern monsoon rains in June-September.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
Though the weather of Aurangabad is moderate, it is advisable to visit it in the winter season.

HISTORY
The Mauryans ushered Buddhism in this region of India, which is evident from the profusion of numerous Buddhist cave temples in and around Aurangabad. Temples built by Satvahanna and Rashtrakuta rulers are located here. The famous caves of Ajanta are a part of this Buddhist tradition. The heritage of Aurangabad is linked with different Muslim rulers and dynasties of India. The city was founded in 1610, on the site of a village named Khirki, by a local Muslim noble Malik Ambar. His son Fateh Khan ruled it and named the city as Fatehpur in 1626. Aurangzeb, the last great Mughal ruler, took over this city in 1653 and renamed it as Aurangabad. Due to its strategic location in peninsular India, Aurangzeb made Aurangabad his capital. He used this city as a base to quell the rising power of the Marathas.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Aurangabad Caves: The Aurangabad Caves were built during the 6th and 7th centuries. The walls of the caves have interesting illustrations from the Jataka stories. Lying amidst the hills are 12 Buddhist caves possibly dating back to the 1st century AD. The Tantric influences evident in the iconography and architectural designs of the caves are of particular interest. Some of the chaityas are constructed on a mandala plan for the circumambulation of the Buddha who is depicted here seated on an intricately carved throne.

Bibi-ka-Maqbara: The Bibi-ka-Maqbara is a tomb built in memory of Aurangzeb's wife Rabia-ud-Daurani Begum. The tomb bears some resemblance with the Taj Mahal, and hence known as "Poor Man's Taj Mahal". This Maqbara attracts the tourists due to its wonderful architecture and historical importance.

Panchakki: Panchakki, meaning water mill is another major attraction of Aurangabad. The mill gets its share of water that travels through an underground channel from a source which is 6 km away in the mountains. The water is released on to the wheel creating an enthralling waterfall. The place also has a garden and fountains with fish-filled tanks adding to the beauty of the entire area. Panchakki also has a tomb of Baba Shah Muzaffar, a Sufi Saint who was spiritual adviser to Aurangzeb.

Himroo Factory: The Himroo Factory is another major tourist attraction of Aurangabad. The traditional Himroo fabric which is an amazing blend of cotton and silk is known for its quality. You can also find here Paithani saris, traditional handloom shawls and other textiles material of Himroo fabric and silver threads. Interestingly, the designs and patterns worked out on these fabrics are inspired by Ajanta frescoes.

PLACES AROUND AURANGABAD
Ajanta Caves: The Ajanta caves in Aurangabad date back to the second century BC and contain sculptures and paintings depicted from Buddhist, Hindu and Jain religious art. Ajanta has a total of 29 caves and is one among the UNESCO World Heritage list.

Ellora Caves: These caves were built by the rulers of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty and are located just 30 km from Aurangabad and were built in the 7th century AD. Cave 16, which is known as the Kailashnath Temple is a masterpiece art at Ellora. The temple is a splendid achievement of the Dravidian style of art and was started by King Krishna of the Rashtrakuta dynasty that ruled Manyakheta. It took around 100 years to complete this cave. There are other caves here which depict the tradition and Philosophy of the Buddhist and Jain art and architecture.

Shirdi: It is situated about 144 km from Aurangabad and is considered a religious site famous for the Shrine of Sai Baba. This place is easily accessible from nearby towns and is one of the most important tourist attractions in Aurangabad city.

Daulatabad Fort: It is just 13 km from Aurangabad, and was built in the 12th Century AD. This fort was earlier known as Devgiri and was built by king Bhillama of Yadav dynasty. The name was changed to Daulatabad by Md Bin Tughlaq.

EVENTS AND FESTIVALS
Mahashivratri is devotedly celebrated in the temple of Ghrishneshwara during February and March. This temple is situated near Ellora.

SHOPPING
Aurangabad is famed for its age-old weaving craft 'Himroo' and 'Mashru', fabrics of cotton and silk, with the luster of satin and motifs derived from Ajanta paintings.

Bidriware is another of the region's ancient professions. The plates, vases, urns, necklaces are made of a zinc-copper combination with either intricate inlays embossed, or overlaid in silver. Originally, 'bidri' was used to make 'hookahs' and boxes or plates to offer 'paan/supari'. Today they come in a wide range of objects.

Paithani saris, woven from an art almost 2000 year old are collectors' item. The yarn used is pure silk and he 'zari' is drawn from pure gold. Some of the more intricate designs take up to one and a half years to weave.

GETTING THERE
By Air: Chikalthana airport is the domestic airport of Aurangabad. Indian Airlines daily operate flight from Aurangabad to Delhi via Mumbai. Jet Airways and Air Deccan have also started their flight service from Aurangabad to Mumbai and Delhi. The nearest international airports to Aurangabad are Mumbai and Pune.

By Rail: There is direct train link between Mumbai and Aurangabad. Direct train connection to Hyderabad is also available from the city.

By Road: Aurangabad is well connected to Mumbai via Manmad (388 km), Nashik (221 km), Shirdi (136 km), Ajanta (110 km), Pune (299 km) and Ellora (30 km).

Amritsar - The Holy City

2010-11-04T02:31:00.000-07:00

Amritsar is home to the Religious Building important to Sikhs - The Golden Temple. Amritsar is an institution by itself. And the Golden Temple is the cradle of Amritsar with the city growing around it nurtured by its divine sanctity. Amritsar is one of the most sacred Sikh religious sites in India.

HISTORY
Golden Temple, the religious building important to Sikhs has a legacy associated with it. The Amrit Sarovar or pool of nectar has long been associated with Indian legends and Lord Rama's twin sons had supposedly been taught the Ramayana here. How the land was acquired for the construction of the temple has many stories. Some say the Guru bought it, others say it was granted by Emperor Akbar. Whatever the story, it is certain the religious building important to Sikhs was built on a revenue free land.

Oral tradition dictates that the Muslim divine Pir Mian Mir of Lahore, at the request of the fifth Sikh Guru Arjan Dev, laid the temple's foundation stone. However, there is no record supporting this, not even in the biographies of Pir. The recorded account says that Guru Arjun Dev laid the foundation in 1588. The Guru's followers settled down in the neighborhood and a small town called Ramdaspur quickly came up, deriving its later name, Amritsar, from the holy tank that encircles the Hari Mandir, or the Darbar Sahib, now known as the Golden Temple.

The flourishing town that grew around the temple during Guru Arjan Dev's lifetime grew further in stature as the followers of Sikhism grew in number. Things moved fast. The first Sikh Maharaja, Ranjit Singh, made Amritsar his spiritual capital while Lahore was the temporal seat of his newly founded expanding kingdom. Ranjit Singh oversaw the temple's further development, gilding the embossed plates, renewing the pietra dura and embellishing the interior with floral designed, mirrored ceilings.

The Golden Temple is not only a religious building important to Sikhs, it is an eclectic monument that has grown as much of people's devotion as from the guild craftsmen's skills to become Sikmost sacred of the sikh religious sites. Generation after generation has lavished praise on the art and architecture of the golden temple and it is widely regarded as being amongst the most tastefully decorated shrines anywhere.

TOURISTS ATTRACTION
Golden Temple: Also called Sri Harmandir Sahib, the Golden Temple was laid by Guru Ram Das in the 14th century. It is acclaimed as one of the holiest sites of the Sikhs. It has four doorways and gorgeously decorated arches. Reflecting influences of both Hindu and Muslim styles of architecture, the temple standing in the middle of a tank, exudes tremendous architectural brilliance which draws the attention of numerous tourists around the globe. Although principally a pilgrimage spot for the Sikhs, it is visited by people of all religions and proves to be one of the greatest tourist attractions in Amritsar on your tour to India.

Jalianwala Bagh: Sited near the Golden Temple, it bears testimony to the disaster called Jallianwala Bagh Massacre at the time of the rule of the British Raj. A congregation, attended by several Punjabis on the occasion of Baisakhi (New Year) celebrations on 13 April 1919 was set on fire by General Dyer. Till date it serves as one of the greatest tourist attractions in Amritsar.

Durgiana Mandir: Located close to the Golden Temple, this temple, modeled in the style of the Golden Temple, is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Durga. However, it also offers prayers to deities of Lakshmi and Narayana. Believed to have been built in the 16th century AD, the temple stands in the center of a lake.

Baba Atal Rai Tower: Situated not far from the main town, Baba Atal Rai Tower is believed to have been the place where Guru Har Gobind died. Christened after the son of Guru Har Gobind, this nine-storey building gives you a panoramic view from the top. The first floor of the tower preserves some of the trinkets that bear associations to Guru Nanak’s life and his teachings.

Wagah Border: Literally defining the Indo-Pakistan border, Wagah is just 28 km from the main town of Amritsar. The ‘change of guards’ ceremony’ at sunset draws a good many spectators.

PLACES AROUND AMRITSAR

Tarn Taran: Situated at 25 km from Amritsar, Tarn Taran houses a sacred tank which is believed to have healing powers. It has a Gurudwara as well which was built by Guru Arjan Dev in AD 1768.

Also excursions to Gobindwal Sahib, Amanat Khan Serai, Baba Bakala and Dharamshala from Amritsar can be highly rewarding.

EVENTS AND FESTIVALS

Baisakhi and Guru Nanak Jayanti are two of the most important festivals that are celebrated in Amritsar.

Baisakhi Festival falls on April 13th or April 14th and marks the beginning of the solar year. People of North India, particularly Punjab thank God for good harvest. Visit to Gurudwaras, Vaisakhi processions and traditional performances are the highlights of the day. Baisakhi has special significance for Sikhs as on this day in 1699, their tenth Guru Gobind Singh Ji organized the order of the Khalsa.

HOW TO REACH

The ever-improving infrastructure in the city is making it easier for visitors to reach it from different parts of the country.

BY AIR - The Rajasansi airport at Amritsar is well linked by flights from all over India. Recently, it was elevated to an international airport.

BY RAIL - There are direct links from Delhi to Amritsar by train. It is an 8-10 hour journey.

BY ROAD - Buses also ply regularly between Delhi to Amritsar.

Lucknow - The city of Nawabs

2010-10-25T04:11:00.000-07:00

The city of Nawabs (regional aristocrats), as Lucknow is often called, is today the capital of the largest state of India, Uttar Pradesh. The city has a glorious history and has been hailed as one of the centers of culture in Northern India. Even today, it is among the major highlights of Uttar Pradesh tourism, and the numerous tourist attractions in Lucknow indicate the high levels achieved by the engineers and architects of the time. Lucknow is known all over the world for the tehjeeb or the courteous behaviour of its people. It is a rare city. Few places in the world are endowed with such rich cultural traditions, as is this romantic city of the nawabs. Whether it is history, architecture, music, dance, handicrafts, etiquette, or sports, Lucknow has its own story to tell.

HISTORY
Surprisingly, the story of Lucknow began not so very long ago. Though the city traces its origin to the Suryavanshi dynasty of Ayodhya in ancient times, and derives its name from Lakshmana (the brother of Lord Rama), Lucknow actually came into prominence during the 18th century. In 1732, Muhammad Shah, one of the later kings of the once-powerful Mughal dynasty, appointed Mohammed Amir Saadat Khan, a Persian adventurer of noble lineage, to the viceroyalty of the area known as Avadh, of which Lucknow was a part. Saadat Khan was the founder of the famous dynasty known as the Nawab Wazirs-a dynasty that changed the face of this hitherto little-known place. Under his successors, Lucknow flowered as never before and all but became the cultural nerve center of northern India. The rapid growth of Lucknow dates from 1755 when the fourth Nawab, Asaf-ud-Daula, transferred the capital of Avadh from Faizabad to Lucknow and set about gifting to the city some of its most splendid architectural marvels, a tradition that was sustained by this successors. During this period, Lucknow also established its prominent place in the field of poetry, music, and dance. A colorful local culture, incorporating fairs and festivals, also flourished alongside. But what really set Lucknow apart from others was a certain elegance and grace of lifestyle. A romantic and courtly ambience became a part of the city. In fact, even today the city breathes history, and the sound of laughter and music, the tinkling of ankle bells and the mellifluous rendering of Urdu poetry (shairi) still echo and reverberate through the long corridors of time. Even today, when one wanders through the city, s/he will encounter the kind of refined courtesy and polish that seems to belong to another age.

Lucknow today, nestling on the banks of the river Gomti, is a modern, bustling metropolis and serves as the capital of the large north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. But despite the changes it has undergone over the decades, it still retains the vestige of the culture that once made it one of the most celebrated cities of the land. It represents a harmonized blend of the old and the new; it has the advantages of a big, modern city, without any of the disadvantages. There is a profusion of parks and gardens redolent with nostalgia of another time. More importantly, residents of Lucknow have an extremely relaxed and laid-back attitude to life. So even though Lucknow is a big city today, there is none of the mad rush and hectic pace that one normally expects in a busy metropolis.

CULTURE
The city has been the cradle of the Urdu language which has flourished here as nowhere else. Lucknow has produced famous poets and writers in Hindi and Urdu, including Khwaja Haidar Ali Atish, Musahafi, Amir Meenai, Daya Shankar Kaul Nasim and Meer Taqi Meer. The city has also been a major center of Shiite culture and a genre of poetry called marsia, based on Shiite religion, has developed here. The dignified manners of the city’s residents had reached legendary heights during the late 19th century. It is believed that a resident of Luknow can curse someone in such a way that the person targeted would feel that he is being praised. That culture is almost redundant today, having got fused by many other, chiefly western influences. Famous exponents of music and dance have blossomed here. Kathak, a classical dance form of India, has been patronized by the rulers here, and stalwarts like Birju Maharaj have taken the art to the highest level. Singers like Begum Akhtar belong to lucknow.

ARCHITECTURE
The city witnessed a spur in building during the reign of the last Nawabs of Awadh. A large number of magnificent buildings were erected, many of which today form the core of tourism in Lucknow. Bara Imambara, Qaiser Bagh palace, Chattar manzil, and Daulat Khana are some of the best known buildings here. These buildings reflect the fusion of traditional Indian, Islamic, and later European elements, and are among the top tourist attractions in Lucknow.

CUISINE
Lucknow is well known for the amazing variety of cuisine available here. The city’s inhabitants loved their food, and a rich culinary tradition has evolved over centuries to make up the local cuisine of today. Biriyani, kebabs, rumali roti, and a vast range of delicious sweets make the tourists crave for more in the numerous food joints of the city. Western fast food joints also have their presence in the city.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Lucknow abounds with lovely monuments that tell the story of their time. For any visitor to this city, a trip to the various architectural wonders is an absolute must. Among the most important monuments are the Imambadas, the many mosques, the Roomi Darwaza, and the many splendid Mughal architectural marvels.

The Bada Imambada or Asafi Imambada (Imambada: patriarch's place) is an important tourist attraction of Lucknow. It was built by the then Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula in 1784 to provide succor to the famine-stricken people. Apart from the galleries in the interior, there is no woodwork anywhere. The interior vaulted hall, measuring 162 feet long, 53 feet broad, and 50 feet high is said to be one of the largest apartments of its kind in the world. From the outside, a staircase leads to a series of artfully designed labyrinths (bhoolbhulaiyan) where it is very easy to get lost! You could wander through the zigzag narrow galleries for hours without finding your way out! It's a very eerie sensation, moving towards the sunlit corridors that seem to be going out, only to find that you are actually deeper in the labyrinth! Most visitors therefore are only allowed inside with guides who are, quite amazingly, familiar with the maze. In fact, a favorite trick of all guides is to tell the visitor that he will be given 15 minutes to find his way out. Most visitors, needless to say, fail the test! There are also large underground passages that have now been blocked up. Next to the Imambada, in the same compound, is a majestic mosque and to its right, a row of cloisters concealing a huge well, which is said to be fathomless.

The Hussainabad or Chota Imambada is an exquisite building built by Nawab Muhammad Ali Shah in 1839 as a burial place for himself. As you enter the compound, you step into a large courtyard with a rectangular raised tank spanned by a small bridge. The beautiful Imambada, reflected in the placid water of the tank is one of the prettier sights in Lucknow. On either side of the courtyards stand a miniature version of the Taj Mahal. In one of them lies buried Zinat Asuja, the daughter of Muhammad Ali Shah and in the other are preserved the remains of her husband. The walls of the Imambada are embellished with calligraphic verses in Arabic. The interior of the Imambada houses an exotic assortment of objects ranging from elaborate chandeliers and gilded mirrors to tazias made of sandalwood, wax, and paper. A silver railing encloses the graves of Muhammad Ali Shah and his mother. During Muharram, both the Imambadas are ablaze with illumination.

Apart from the Bada Imambada, Asaf-ud-Daula also built the great Roomi Darwaza as a relief work during the famine of 1783. Said to be a facsimile of one of the gates of Constantinople, this soaring edifice, which is 60 feet high, can match any similar structure in point of beauty and splendor.

Then there is the Jama Masjid, a great mosque with two minarets and three domes, which stands to the west of the Hussainabad Imambada. It also owes its origin to Muhammad Ali Shah who started the construction but did not live to see it completed. That task was left to Begum Malika Jahan of the royal family.

The Hussainabad Clock Tower, rising to 221 feet, was started in 1880 and completed seven years later. The clock itself, which was designed by M. J. W. Wanson of London, is said to be the largest in India. Nearby is the Picture Gallery, a double-storey redbrick building built by Mohammed Ali Shah as a baradari. Today, it houses enormous portraits of all the Nawabs of Avadh, most of which were painted in the late 19th century by European artists. The portraits, which have recently been restored, give a good insight into the grand costumes and jewelry favored by the Nawabs.

The Residency was built in 1800 by Nawab Saadat Ali Khan for the British Resident at his court. Originally a very extensive and beautiful building, it received heavy shelling during 1857, when the First War Of Indian Independence took place. The inhabitants of the Residency faced a siege of 140 days before they were rescued by British troops. The red building is today in a dilapidated state and marks of cannon shots can be seen on almost every wall. Surrounded by shady green trees, the ruins of the Residency, stand still and quiet, in the afternoon sunshine. A brooding silence engulfs the ruins and one almost expects the ghosts of the dead to suddenly materialize and flit across the rooms.

A little distance away from the Residency is the glorious Chattar Manzil that served for a while as the palace of Begum Hazrat Mahal, the heroine of India's first fight for independence against the British. For English travelers in the 19th century, it seemed like something out of Arabian Nights! Today this splendid building houses a prosaic Drug Research Institute.

Among the other fabulous monuments of Lucknow are the Kaiser Bagh palaces, built by Wajid Ali Shah, the last Nawab of Avadh, who was robbed of his kingdom by the British and confined in Calcutta where he spent the last years of his life, pining for his beloved Lucknow. The buildings are said to have cost around 80 lakhs when they were built in 1850. Today a great deal of Kaiser Bagh has disappeared (the destruction took place in the 1857 uprising), but the name still applies to the historic quadrangle where Wajid Ali Shah, wearing the dress of a dramatic performer, used to participate in fairs. There are several small pavilions for the performance of plays. The surrounding yellow buildings called Lakhi were, at one time, the harem.

If one were to continue enumerating all the sights and sounds that Lucknow is famous for-like the La Martiniere School for Boys (housed in an Italian style building constructed by Major General Claude Martin for his own residence in 1793) or Nadan Mahal (one of the oldest structures of the city) or Moti Mahal (constructed by Nawab Saadat Ali Khan who used to watch the fights of large animals from Mubarak Manzil, which is in the same compound)-one could go on forever. Perhaps the wise thing to do is to explore this fascinating city on one's own. Apart from the well-known buildings, it is entirely probable that one may discover some concealed gems in the form of the Charbagh Railway Station, Biblapur Kothi, Dilkusha Palace, Zoological Gardens, State Museum, Tarawali Kothi, Khursheed Manzil, Shah Nazaf, Botanical Gardens (Sikandar Bagh), Badshahi Bagh, Aliganj Mahbir Temple, Kaiser Bagh, Mothi Roshan-ud-Daula, Lal Baradari, Lakshman Tila, Dargah of Hazrat Abbas, and the Alamgiri Mosque.

PLACES AROUND LUCKNOW
Nawabganj Lake: Located at a distance of 40 kilometers form Lucknow is the Nawabganj Lake. It is a colorful bird sanctuary. There is a motel run by the Tourist Department.

Kukrail: Fifteen kilometers from Lucknow is Kukrail, developed as a picnic spot by the Forest Department. There is a deer farm and a crocodile nursery. A children's park, cafeteria, and a rest house have also been built to facilitate the visitors here. One can see spotted deer, black buck, sambhar, and a variety of birds in their natural abode.

Chinhat Picnic Pavilion: At a distance of 15 kilometers from Lucknow is the Chinhat Picnic Pavilion. There is a rest house by the side of Kathauta Lake. One can also visit the neighborhood Chinhat pottery units.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - Lucknow is connected by daily flight from major towns and cities of India.

BY RAIL - Some well-known trains-Gomti Express (New Delhi to Lucknow), Neelachal Express (New Delhi to Puri), Vaishali Express (New Delhi to Barauni), Ganga-Jamuna Express (New Delhi to Lucknow), Sabarmati Express (Ahmedabad to Varanasi), and Avadh Assam Express (Guwahati to New Delhi)-connect Lucknow to the rest of India.

BY ROAD - Lucknow is also well connected to other cities of the country by road. The distances to some nearby cities are as follows: Delhi, 499 km; Jhansi, 340 km; Srinagar, 1394 km; Varanasi, 319 km.

Taxis, tongas, cycle rickshaws are available throughout the city. Charges vary according to the distance.

Mysore - City of Palaces

2010-10-22T22:40:00.000-07:00

Mysore is located in the South Indian state of Karnataka around 140 km from Bangalore. The city extends from latitude 12°18' in the North to longitude 76°42' in the East. Mysore is well connected through road and rail networks with other parts of Karnataka and India.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
The weather in Mysore is pleasant throughout the year. The summers are warm and winters cool. April is the hottest month with the daily temperatures varying between 21°C and 34°C while in December, the coldest month here, the temperatures ranges from 16°C to 27°C. The average annual rainfall in the district is 761.9 mm. One can visit the city any time of the year but it is advisable to avoid the rainy seasons.

HISTORY
Mysore city was the capital of the old royal Mysore province. The word Mysore expands to "Mahishasurana Ooru" which means the town of Mahishasura. The story goes that the demon Mahishasura was killed by goddess Chamundeshwari atop the Chamundi hill near Mysore, hence the name. Ever since, the Mysore royal family has worshipped Chamundeshwari as the palace deity. Hills dedicated to her stand at the eastern end of Mysore town today.

The Wodeyar family ruled Mysore since 14th century except for a short period of 40 years when Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers. Mysore has never failed to mesmerize the tourists with its quaint charm, rich heritage, magnificent palaces, beautifully laid-out gardens, imposing buildings, broad shady avenues and sacred temples. The charm of this city leaves no one untouched.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
The Mysore Palace was built over one thousand years ago, in AD 897. Saracenic in style, the palace has both Hindu as well as Muslim influences. After a fire in 1897, Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV rebuilt the palace as we see it today, under the supervision of architect Henry Irwin. The main building is of massive gray granite with a tower covered by a gilded dome. A temple is situated within the royal courtyard.

St. Philomena's Church is one of the oldest churches in Mysore. Built in Gothic style, the church is among the largest in India. Stained glass windows and lofty towers give this cathedral an imposing look.

Shri Jayachamarajendra Art Gallery was established in 1875 and has a rare collection of some beautiful paintings from the same era. The gallery is located in Jagmohan Palace and exhibits paintings by Raja Ravi Varma, Svetsolav Roerich and traditional paintings from Mysore. The traditional gold leaf paintings and some exquisitely carved statues in sandalwood, ivory and stone are also exhibited in the gallery. The old paintings in the gallery have been done in mineral and vegetable dyes and paints.

The Mysore Zoo was set up by the royal family and houses some rare and exotic birds & animals. Situated amidst lush green surroundings, the zoo has acquired fame for breeding some rare animals in captivity.

The Chamundeshwari Temple is one of the noted Hindu places of worship and is situated atop the Chamundi Hill. On way to the Chamundi Hills is the Lalitha Mahal, a guest palace now converted into a heritage hotel.

PLACES AROUND MYSORE
Situated around 19 km North West of Mysore are the Krishna Raja Sagar Dam and the Vrindavan Garden. The garden attracts thousands of visitors every year who come to see its dancing musical fountains.

Fourteen km northeast of Mysore is Srirangpattnam, an island fortress and the capital of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. Tipu's summer palace, Daria Daulat, has now been turned into a museum.

Sangam, the confluence of two branches of the Cauvery River, is situated around 3 km off Srirangpattnam.

Ranganathittu is a bird sanctuary situated around 18 km off Mysore and allows a close view of exotic and common birds.

Somnathpur is situated around 35 km east of Mysore and is famous for the Hoysala Temples that are still in excellent condition.

Eighty-two kilometers away is the Cauvery Fishing Camp, a paradise for anglers where the mahaseer is found in abundance.

The Bandipur National Park is 80 km off Mysore on the way to Ooty and a famous tiger reserve. Spread over an area of 875 km, the park has a variety of animals such as the tiger, barking deer, tusker, and bison.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
Dussehra in Mysore is a sight one would remember for a long time even after leaving the place. It is believed that the presiding deity of the city has the power to conquer evil forces and this has led the citizens to celebrate the festival with much gaiety and fervor.

The tradition of celebrating Dussehra with such grandeur started with the 16th-century rulers of Vijayanagar. After the disintegration of Vijayanagar Empire, the tradition was kept alive by rulers of Mysore and continues till now.

During the month of October and November, for ten days the Dussehra festival is celebrated and the city is at its colorful best with music and dance, Sports, Literary competitions, fairs and exhibitions all over. All this culminates in the Dussehra procession and a torchlight parade on the tenth day.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - The nearest airport from Mysore is 140 km away in Bangalore, from where one can take flights for most of the important cities in India.

BY RAIL - Mysore is connected with most of the metros like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, and Chennai through regular trains.

BY ROAD - There is a good network of roads that connects Mysore to other important cities of the region. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

Dharamshala - Queen of hills

2010-10-15T00:28:00.000-07:00

"Two and a half millennia after the Buddha walked on earth, another walks in his foot steps" - Welcome to Dharamshala, the land of Dalai Lama, a charming little town with elegant bungalow. Dharamshala enjoys the unique distinction of being the chosen home of the spiritual and temporal head of the Tibetan people.

LOCATION
Set against the magnificent backdrop of the towering Dhauladhar ranges, which rise up to more than 4000 meters, Dharamshala, which literally means The Holy Refuge, lies perched up on the high slopes in the upper reaches of the Kangra valley. Founded in 1855, it is one of the 80 hill resorts developed in the seventeenth century by the British to beat the heat and dust of the sweltering plains.

HISTORY
The colonial origin, the Tibetan influence and the Kangra air make an invigorating cocktail with a unique blend. Dharamshala stands out amongst the other hill-stations of India. It is also an archetypal getaway for the jaded city souls with thatched cottages nestling amidst thick coniferous forests. As one looks up, the green fringes merge with the snow-clad mountains and as your eyes shift downwards, the vast panorama of the Kangra valley embraces you. It is a no holds barred battle of the eye with the scenery and one wonders how much the eyes can behold this quiet rhapsody of the nature.

Is it a tale of two cities? The town is divided in flesh and soul into two halves, each with its own character. The lower Dharamshala is the main town at 1250 meters. The upper Dharamshala or McLeod Ganj from Dharamshala by road, it is a 10 kilometers drive, which takes almost the same time as you would, walking up the steep path. The only reason that you would like to visit lower Dharamshala would be to see the Kangra Art Museum, which has a treasure trove of the art and crafts of region.

The vestiges of the Raj dot the town - foremost is the church of St. John in the wilderness. There is a well-maintained, old graveyard. It reminds one of other old graveyards in hill-stations like Mussoorie and Shimla. These are perhaps the only peaceful places left in the hustle and bustle of these touristic places and your best bet if you are looking for peace!

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
McLeodGanj - the Little Lhasa is thick with the Tibetan cultural feel. It is an altogether different world where the crisp breeze is broken by chanting of the hymns along with the tinkling of the prayer wheels. The place was once full of hippies who have since moved out with the crowds inundating the town. For a research scholar, McLeodGanj offers a host of possibilities and to the not-so-scholarly souls, a cultural bonanza awaits.

First lets look at what has McLeodGanj got to offer to the hungry palette and then we will look into spiritual stuff! The Tibetan run restaurants give you an ample respite from dal, chapatti and rice that you get in most other places. If you are fond of momos, thukpa, and the likes, you have come to the right place. Tsongkha Restaurant, Yak Restaurant, Snowland and Shangrila are some of the place, which serve excellent food. A constant flow of Westerners has brought in its wake a number of restaurants and eateries, which offer the kind of food that is not so commonly available in India.

ABODE OF THE DALAI LAMA
But Dharamshala is better known as Dalai Lama's abode and Tibet's Government-in-exile after the Chinese invasion of Lhasa in October 1959. Needless to say, a visit to Dharamshala would be considered irreverent without a peek into the various monasteries dotting the hillsides. A visit to the Namgyal Monastery, ensconcing the Center of Tibetan Studies is nothing short of mandatory. 'Tsuglagkhang', opposite the Dalai Lama's residence reminds one of Lhasa - it contains large gilded bronzes of the Buddha, Avalokiteswara and Padmasambhava.

The other places of interest are the Museum at the Nechung Monastery which is three kilometers downhill on the way to Dharamshala and the Norbulingka Institute which has become a major center of learning. You could see young artists learning Thangka Painting.

When the Dalai Lama is in residence, he heads the prayers. For an audience with the Dalai Lama who is also believed to be the reincarnation of Buddha, special permission needs to be taken with a proper request in writing at the security office near Hotel Tibet. The best time to see his him is after the Tibetan New Year, which falls in March. The living deity gives spiritual discourses for 10 days.

The hotels and guest houses are all full at this time of the year when Dharamshala is at its colorful best. If you really want to savor the place, the best thing to do is to stay at a family run place. Himachal Tourism also runs a few comfortable rest houses to suit all budgets.

If one is into meditation, there are a number of classes held by monks for the beginners, as well as advance practitioners. Tushita Meditation Center is one such outfit, which offers clean residential accommodation as well. There are also a number of alternate medicine doctors in the little town. It is not unusual to find monks from the Western countries.

PLACES AROUND DHARAMSHALA
After satisfying your palette and your soul, you could go out for a nice long walk or an arduous trek. Bhagsunath, three kilometers away is an easy option after momos and beer. There is a temple, a spring and also a waterfall. An annual fair is held here in the month of September. It is worthwhile walking up to Naddi, which offers a splendid view of the Dhauladhar ranges. If you are adventurous enough, the Mountaineering Institute can organize treks, rock climbing and rappelling. They normally would like to do this for groups of 10 or above.

However, the best thing about Dharamshala is the easygoing pace, the peaceful expression on everybody's face. It is a place where you would like to do the ordinary things in life, where you would like to let yourself loose and forget about hectic schedules and maddening self imposed deadlines!

Manali - Valley of the Gods

2010-09-24T04:44:00.000-07:00

Once called the "end of the habitable world," Manali is an important hill station of northern India and is the destination of thousands of tourists every year. Its cool atmosphere provides a perfect haven for the ones afflicted by the hot Indian summers. Besides offering quite a few places for sightseeing, Manali is also famous for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, mountaineering, paragliding, rafting, trekking, kayaking, and mountain biking. In brief, Manali-the veritable "valley of the Gods"-is an ideal place for the ones in search of both adventure and comfort. The Kullu is in brightly patterned puttoos, Tibetan women wearing ankle-length rainbow-striped pinafores, Nepali porters, Buddhist monks, and even the odd party of Zanskaris, swathed in fusty woolen gonchas, muddled together with souvenir-hunting Indian and Western tourists-all add up to the welcoming hubbub of Manali.

LOCATION
Situated in the central parts of the northern state of Himachal Pradesh, Manali is at the head of the Kullu valley, 280 km north of the state capital Shimla and 108 km from Mandi. Manali is perched at an altitude of 2050 meters above sea level and is spread along the banks of the river Beas. In winters, the temperature can drop below freezing point when heavy woolens are required. Summer temperatures are mild and light woolens/cottons are recommended. In Manali, one can find high mountains shrouded by silent snows and deep boulder strewn gorges. There are thick forests, filled with cool breezes and bird song. There are fields of wild flowers, small picturesque hamlets and fruit-laden orchards, especially apples.

HISTORY
Manali has a pre-historic legend behind its name. Vaivasvata, the seventh incarnation of Manu, the first creation according to Hindu mythology, found a tiny fish in his bathing water. The fish told him to look after it with devotion, for one day it would do him a great service. The seventh Manu cared for the fish until it grew so huge that he released it into the sea. Before departing, the fish warned Manu of an impending deluge when the entire world would be submerged and bade him to build a seaworthy ark. When the flood came, Matsya (fish), the first avatar of Lord Vishnu, towed Vaivasvata and the Seven Sages to safety. As the waters subsided, the seventh Manu's ark came to rest on a hillside and the place was named Manali after him.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS

The often visited site in Manali is the Hidimba or Dhungri Temple. Erected in 1533, this temple is dedicated to the local deity Hidimba, wife of the Pandava prince, Bhim. A major festival is held here in the month of May. The temple is noted for its four-storeyed pagoda and exquisite wooden carvings.

Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. With the highest concentration of Tibetan refugees in the entire Kullu valley, it is famous for its Gadhan Thekchhokling Gompa, built in 1969. The monastery is maintained by donations from the local community and through the sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop.

The smaller and more modern Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa stands nearer the bazaar, in a garden blooming with sunflowers. Its main shrine, lit by dozens of electric bulbs and fragrant with Tibetan incense, houses a colossal gold-faced Buddha, best viewed from the small room on the first floor.

The Museum of Traditional Himachal Culture, near the Hidimba temple, is worth a visit, which houses artifacts of folk art of the entire Kullu valley.

PLACES AROUND MANALI

At a distance of 3 km northwest of Manali is Old Manali, famous for its orchards and old guesthouses. There is ruined fort here by the name of Manaligarh. There is also the Manu Maharishi Temple, dedicated to sage Manu.

Vaishisht, around 3 km from Manali, also boasts a pair of old stone temples, opposite each other above the main square. Dedicated to the local patron saint Vashista, the smaller of the two opens on to a partially covered courtyard, and is adorned with elaborate woodcarvings. Those lining the interior of the shrine, blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke, are particularly fine. The temple tanks are underground hot-water/sulfur springs.

Rohtang Pass, at an altitude of 13,050 feet above sea level, is another adventure tourist site where it can be chilly even on summer day. Close by is a small lake called Dassaur Lake. Beas Kund, the source of river Beas, is also nearby.

Solang Nullah, 13 km northwest of Manali, is famous for its 300-meter ski lift. It is a picturesque spot and offers splendid views of glaciers and the snow-capped mountains. Jagatsukh, the former capital of Manali, is also an important spot.

ADVENTURE SPORTS

Skiing is a major pastime in Manali. Facilities for skiing are available at Solang Nullah (January-March) and Rohtang La (during summer). The Mountaineering Institute at Solang Nullah is a good training institute. Heli skiing is possible at the deep snowfields.

The Mountaineering Institute and Allied Sports is about 3 km from the Mall and offers mountaineering and kayaking courses. Kayaking is possible on the Beas River.

There are several good hikes from Manali. The 12-km hike up the western banks of the Beas to the Solang Valley is noteworthy. Lama Dugh meadow is a 6-km hike up to the Manalsu Nala, west of Manali town.

In the summers, several travel agencies organize paragliding on the slopes of the Solang Nullah. The charges generally include accommodation, food, equipment, and a guide, but not transport.

From May to July and, depending on the monsoons, from mid-September to mid-October, some basic rafting is possible on the Beas. The trips generally begin at Pirdi and continue 16 km down to Jhiri.

The HPTDC provides day permits for fishing. Permits can be obtained also at Patlikhul. Angling in the Kullu valley is possible at Larji, Katrain and Kasol.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - The nearest airport is Bhuntar, 52 km south of Manali. There are flights to Delhi via Shimla.

BY RAIL - The closest narrow-gauge railhead is at Jogindernagar, 135 km away. The closest broad-gauge railheads are Chandigarh (310 km) and Ambala (355 km).

BY ROAD - The distance from Delhi via Mandi is 585 km, and from Shimla the distance is 270 km.

Shimla - Capital of Himachal Pradesh

2010-09-23T23:57:00.000-07:00

Shimla (also known as Simla) is a tourist destination par excellence. It is a beautiful hill town in the lap of nature, surrounded by pine and deodar forests, It is one of India's most famous hill stations, derives its name from Goddess Shyamala, an incarnation of Goddess Kali, the deity of power and wrath.

However, unlike its name, Shimla is a perfect heaven for the ones in search of tranquility. Nature has blessed this capital city with innumerable gifts and man has used them to make Shimla one of India's best locales.

LOCATION
Perched at an altitude of 2159 m above sea level, Shimla is located towards the southern parts of the north Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It is the state capital and is at a distance of 343 km from Delhi, 260 km from Manali, and 119 km from Chandigarh. The temperature range is not very high and the maximum temperature rarely crosses 25°C during summers. Winters are cold due to the chilly winds from the upper Himalayas. Around Christmas, Shimla experiences snowfall. The best season to visit Shimla is between September and November.

HISTORY
The British discovered Shimla in the form of a little village in 1819. Until then, it was a part of the Nepalese kingdom. It was during Lord William Bentinck's time that Shimla was truly acquired by the Government of India. The British persuaded the local Raja to part with the land in 1830, and the settlement became the subcontinent's most fashionable summer resort. In 1864, Shimla was declared the summer capital of India. After the independence of India, Shimla became the capital of Punjab until 1966, when it came under Himachal Pradesh.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS

• The hub of Shimla is the Mall, which runs along the Ridge and is crowded with tourists. It is the city's most famous shopping center, with shops selling all items, from clothes to junk food. The Ridge is a large open space in the heart of the town and presents excellent views of the mountain ranges. Most of Shimla's landmarks are located here. The Mall further joins the Ridge at the 'Scandal Point' of Kipling's Shimla, where a statue of the nationalist leader Lala Lajpat Rai has been erected.

• The six-storeyed Vice-Regal Lodge or Rashtrapati Niwas, about 4.5 km from Scandal Point, attracts many visitors. It was built in 1888 and was formerly the residence of Lord Dufferin, the British Viceroy. The style of architecture is English Renaissance, the masonry of the walling is light blue limestone and the wrought stonework is done in sandstone in a beautiful light gray tint. It has magnificent lawns and houses the Indian Institute of Advanced Study. Nearby is the Himalayan aviary that has a good collection of birds, including the Monal pheasant, Himachal's state bird.

• About 2.5 km from Scandal Point is the State Museum, which has a good collection of statues, miniatures, coins and photos from in and around Himachal Pradesh. It was built in 1974.

• Another of Shimla's major landmarks is the Christ Church and St. Michael's Cathedral. It is the second oldest church in Northern India built between 1846 and 1857. It is located just off the Mall, below the District Center and is known for its stained glass windows.

• Jhaku temple, dedicated to Hanumanji, the attendant of Lord Rama, is to the east of the town center, near the highest point of the Shimla Ridge. It is at a height of 8048 feet above sea level and offers a panoramic view of the city.

• The temple just below the Grand Hotel is the temple dedicated to Shyamala Devi, an incarnation of Goddess Kali.

• Southeast from Jhaku is the long spur of Chotta Shimla, with Barnes Court. Once the residence of the Governor General of Punjab, it is now the official residence of the Governor of Himachal Pradesh.

• About 4 km from the Ridge, a sprightly stream flows through the Glen forests at an altitude of 1830 meters. It is a secluded picnic spot.

• Beyond the Glen is Annandale, another picnic spot. It is covered with deodar forests and was once the playgrounds of Shimla, where racing, polo and cricket entertained the Britishers.

• Elysium Hill, on the road leading through Lakkar Bazaar, houses the famous Auckland House, the former residence of Viceroy Lord Auckland. It is a well-known girls' school now. Nearby is the Stirling Castle, now an orphanage for the Tibetan children and a center for the Tibetan exiles who have settled locally.

PLACES AROUND SHIMLA

• Rampur has the Padam Palace built in 1925. The whole area is a maze of lanes, shops and temples. In the month of November, the Lavi Fair is organized here.

• On the Mahasu range, at Charabra, 13 km from Shimla, is the Wild Flower Hall situated at an altitude of 2,498 m. Nestling among picturesque sylvan surroundings, the Wild Flower Hall commands a breathtaking view of the snows. A major fire damaged it in 1993. Serving as a hotel today, it attracts many tourists who wish to revisit the grandeur of a bygone era.

• About six miles from the Shimla Church, in Koti, lay the village of Mashobra, at a height of 2149 m. A place of unique beauty, Mashobra is an ideal interlude beneath the oaks and the pines. Featuring beautiful gardens spattered with the daffodils, hyacinths, asphodels and celandines, it is a popular weekend resort, dotted with delightful villas and innumerable picnic spots. From here, a track leads down to Sipur, which is an exquisite glade shaded by ancient deodar trees. A fair is held here every April/May. About 3 km from Mashobra is the lovely resort of Craignano.

• At a distance of 5 km from Shimla is Summer Hill, a quiet suburb with peaceful environs ideal for secluded walks. About 2 km from Summer Hill are the Chadwick Falls, a silent gorge frequently visited by picnickers.

• Four kilometers from Shimla is Bihargaon, a village known for its splendid Himachali architecture.

• At a distance of 6 km from Shimla is the Prospect Hill. At 2125 m and crowned by a temple dedicated to Kamna Devi, the hill offers breathtaking views of the area. Another temple dedicated to Tara Devi is located at a distance of 3 km from Shimla.

• About 12 km from Shimla, on the Kalka Road is Kasauli

• Kufri, at distance of 16 km from Shimla and at an altitude of 2510 m above sea level, is a site offering some famous hikes and wonderful snow for skiing. An enjoyable walk leads up to the Mahasu Peak. The Himalayan Nature Park here has a good collection of animals and birds found in the region.

• Narkanda, 64 km from Shimla, offers wonderful slopes for skiing. At an elevation of 2708 m, it has dense pine forests. Hatu peak, 8 km from Narkanda, provides a striking panorama of the plains below.

• Chail, 43 km from Shimla, is a lush green setting and was the former capital of the Patiala State. It has the world's highest cricket ground at a height of 2250 m, built in 1893. It is also a hiker's paradise and there is a wildlife sanctuary at a distance of 3 km from here.

• Sarahan is a small village worth visiting. It provides a spectacular view of Shrikhand Mahadev and hiking opportunities to the nearby villages such as Ranwin and Bashal Peak. The Bhimakali temple, dedicated to Goddess Durga, is the finest example of Himachali architecture.

• Naldehra, at an altitude of 2050 m and 23 km from Shimla, houses the oldest and the highest golf course in India. In the middle of the course is a temple, Mahunag Mandir. It was a favorite pastime spot of Lord Curzon.

• Tattapani, 51 km from Shimla, is a spot well known for hot sulfurous springs.

GETTING THERE
By Air - Nearest airport to Shimla is at Jubberhatti, 26 km from Shimla. It has connecting flights to Delhi and Kullu. The nearby Chandigarh airport is, however, more handy as it is connected to all the major airports in India.

By Road - Shimla is well connected by road with Kalka, Chandigarh, Ambala, Delhi, Dehradun, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Amritsar, Jammu and other towns of Punjab and Haryana.

By Train - Shimla is connected by a broad gauge line up to Kalka. From Kalka to Shimla, a narrow gauge line covers 96 kilometers, of track. The journey by train, which takes about six hours, crossing 103 tunnels is one of the finest ways of enjoying the scenic beauty. There is another option for a fast train Shiwalik Express or a delightful ride in the Rail Car.

The Rail Car takes about 4 hours. Kalka has direct rail connections with Delhi, Calcutta and Amritsar.

SPORTS & ADVENTURE IN SHIMLA
Shimla has the only natural ice-skating rink in India. An Ice-skating Carnival is arranged every year by the Ice-skating Club during January. During this festival, members display their skill on ice and participate in a fancy dress competition.

The summer festival in Shimla offers the best entertainment of the year. Artists are invited from all parts of Himachal Pradesh and from other parts of the country to entertain visitors with song, dance and music both Indian and Western.

Besides the summer festival, regular cultural programmes are organized in Shimla during the tourist season.

Kufri is a popular ski resort and is at a distance of 16-kms from Shimla. With thick woods around, Kufri offers a panoramic view of 2,000 miles of the great Himalayan ranges. Naldhera is another adventure area that is situated at a distance of 23-kms from the hill station. Naldhera is blessed with a thick cedar forest, attractive picnic spot and a 16-hole golf course. Fagu is another spot from where one can check out very fine views and has a lot of snow in winters for the delight of snow lovers and skiers.

Chabba is located on the road to Tattapani and is 53-kms away from Shimla. There is the one of the oldest hydroelectric power project, which is nowadays famous for river rafting. Situated 64-kms north of Shimla is Narkanda, at an altitude of 2,700m, a ski resort and also a popular spot for viewing the Himalayas particularly from the 3,300m high Hatu Peak.

Shimla to Kullu over the Jalori Pass (3300m) and Bashleo Pass (3250m) and Sarahan to Sangla are some popular treks.

Skiing slopes are at Narkanda (65 km. from Shimla) and Kufri (16 km from Shimla) (from Jan - mid March)

Naldehra offers a well groomed nine hole golf course.

At Rohru (100 km. from Shimla) & at Seema (9 km. from Rohru).

SHOPPING IN SHIMLA
There is an enormous range of goods that Shimla has to offer. This includes handicrafts, wood and metalwork, shawls, pullovers, local tweeds, caps, Tibetan carpets and pickles, jams and squashes.

Shimla is the best market for the handicrafts of Himachal Pradesh. Woollen and pashmina shawls, decorative items, handmade shoes, dolls, woollen caps, carved wooden sticks, toys and other items made form wood are made in Shimla itself and are on sale in the Lakkar Bazar. Tibetan jewellery and trinkets are found in the small Tibetan shops near the Ridge.

Jammu - City of Temples

2010-09-23T04:44:00.000-07:00

Jammu is the second largest city of the northern Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and is also its winter capital. Divided into two separate cities, the old town of Jammu is located on a hilltop overlooking the river Tawi while the new town is situated across the river, several kilometers away.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
Being near the Himalayas, the climate of the entire area is cold though summers are markedly warm. The temperatures range from 26.2°C to 4.3° C in winters and from 43.0°C to 23.4°C during summers. The recommended clothing for winters would be heavy/medium woolens while light cottons would be the best for summers in Jammu. Summers in Jammu are a sweltering, uncomfortable contrast to the cool climes of Kashmir. However, from October onwards, it becomes quite pleasant.

HISTORY
The city of Jammu is named after Jambu Lochan, the brother of Bahu, a powerful local chieftain who ruled during the ninth century. It is said that on becoming king, Jambu Lochan went on a hunt and, crossing the Tawi, found a deer and a tiger drinking water from the same tank. His ministers explained that this meant that the soil of the place was so virtuous that no living creature bore enmity against another. Raja Jambu Lochan, decided to build his capital, Jambupura, on this soil, on the right bank of the Tawi overlooking his brother king Bahu's fort. Jambupura later came to be known as Jammu.

Through the middle ages, Jammu prospered. Changes of rule at Delhi or Lahore passed over without disturbing the affluence of the town. The fertile cultivable land around the town constantly generated wealth and unlike many medieval towns, Jammu was never depopulated. The town was also a major stopover for caravans on the trade routes to Kashmir, Asia Minor and beyond and was a base for the fabled Silk Route.

The state of Jammu & Kashmir, which was earlier under the rule of Hindus and Muslims, came under the rule of Mughals under emperor Akbar. After the period of Afghan rule from 1756, it was annexed to the Sikh kingdom of the Punjab in 1819. In 1846, Ranjit Singh made over the territory of Jammu to Maharaja Gulab Singh and Jammu and Kashmir came into being as a single political and geographical entity following the Treaty of Amritsar between the British Government and Gulab Singh signed on March 16, 1846.

Since then, the state remained under the Dogra rule till the time India gained independence. At the time of independence, like all the state, Jammu and Kashmir was also given the option of either joining India or Pakistan. However, the then ruler, Maharaja Hari Singh decided not to exercise the option immediately but had to sign the instrument of accession when Pakistan attacked the territory later the same year.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
Most of the tourists who come to the Jammu region have the Mata Vaishno Devi shrine as their destination, which is quite close by. However, the spirit of holiness permeates through the entire city, so much so that Jammu is also known as the 'City of Temples'. If Bahu Mata is the presiding deity of Jammu, the dargah of Peer Budhan Ali Shah is the other shrine that s believed to protect Jammuites. The other major tourist attraction is the Ragunath Temple Complex, which is the largest temple in North India devoted to Lord Ram. The construction of this temple was begun by Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1851 and completed by his son Ranbir Singh six years later.

The temple of Maha Kali (better known as Bahu or Bawey Wali Mata), located in the Bahu fort, is considered second only to Mata Vaishno Devi in terms of mystical power. The present temple was built shortly after the coronation of Maharaja Gulab Singh, in 1822. The existing fort, as well as the Manasabdar's palace inside it, were constructed in 1820 and are major tourist attractions of the city.

Other temples in the city include the Gauri Kund temple, Shudh Mahadev temple, Shiva temple, Peer Khoh Cave temple, Ranbireshwar temple and the Parmandal temple complex.

The most stunning site in Jammu is the Sheesh Mahal. The Pink Hall of the palace now houses the Dogra Art Museum, which has miniature paintings of the various hill schools. The museum also has the hand written Persian manuscripts of the Shahnama and Sikandernama. The palace was once the royal residence of the Dogra kings. Built as a group of buildings around a courtyard, the palace has a commanding view of river Tawi on one side and the city on the other.

The Amar Mahal Palace Museum is a beautiful palace of red sandstone, which stands amidst the most picturesque environs of Jammu. There is beautiful view of the Shivaliks in the north and river Tawi flows to the south adding to the grandeur. This was once the residential palace of Raja Amar Singh but now has been converted into a museum and is looked after by Hari-Tara Charitable trust. The museum has a golden throne made of 120 kg of pure gold.

A treat for those interested in history is the town of Akhnoor, 32 km southwest of Jammu. Standing on the banks of the mighty river Chenab, the town tells the tragic tale of the lovers Sohni and Mahiwal. Also along the riverbank are the majestic ruins of the Indus-Valley Civilization that are of great historical importance and command a beautiful view of the area around.

The Jujjar Kotli Tourist Complex, built on the banks of Jujjar rivulet, is at a distance of 35 km from Jammu. The crystal clear, cool water of Jujjar attracts picnickers in large numbers during the summer.

PLACES AROUND JAMMU
The Mansar Lake, situated 60 km away from Jammu is a beautiful lake fringed by forest-covered hills. Boating facilities are available here. Another attraction here is the Surinsar Mansar Wildlife, named after the two lakes on each corner of it. The sanctuary is spread over an area of 98 sq km and is home to species like the goral, wild boar, barking deer, leopard and a multitude of birds like, black partridge, red jungle fowl, peafowl, gray partridge, green pigeon, blue rock pigeon, Rufus turtle dove etc. Besides these, the forest area also houses some rare species of trees and orchids.

The small town Katra is 50 km away from Jammu and serves as the base camp for those visiting the holy shrine of Mata Vaishnodevi in the Trikuta Hills. The shrine can be reached on foot after traversing a 12 km long well laid footpath. Every year, nearly four million pilgrims pass through Katra on their way to the shrine. Accommodation in all the ranges is available for the pilgrims.

Kud is at a distance of 106 km from Jammu. This popular resort is situated on the Jammu-Srinagar highway, at an altitude of 1,738 meters. An ideal picnic spot, this place has a beautiful climate. Heavy woolens are required in winters while light/medium clothing is required in summers here. It is a very well developed hill station in the Udhampur district.

Patnitop is 112 km from Jammu. This famous hill resort is perched on a beautiful plateau, at an altitude of 2,024 meters across which the Jammu-Srinagar Highway passes. Enveloped by thickly wooded forests, Patnitop offers beautiful picnic spots, peaceful walks and breathtaking views of the mountains and the Chenab basin. In winter, the resort is generally covered with a thick blanket of snow thus providing opportunities for various adventure sports like skiing.

Sanasar is cup shaped meadow surrounded by gigantic conifers, situated at a distance of 119 km from Jammu. The right place for a quite holiday, the meadow has now been developed as a golf course. It also provides facilities for paragliding.

Batote, 125 km from Jammu, is situated at an altitude of 1,560 metres on the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway and is a popular health resort. Due to the panoramic view of the scenic areas around and the facilities provided for the tourists, this place is a favorite with travelers.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
There is no city specific festival of Jammu as such. Normally, all the Hindu and other religious festivals are celebrated here with gaiety. However, what makes any celebration in Jammu different is the traditional dance and music of the Dogra Pahari region of Jammu. These songs and dances are performed on the occasion of feasts, festivals and marriages by the rural folk of this region. Men and women clad in their traditional costumes, participate in this musical revelry.

Besides, every year during Baisakhi in the month of April, a food and craft festival is organized near the Mansar Lake by the JKTDC.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - Jammu is well connected with the rest of the country by all the major means of transport. The city is accessible by air and the city has an airport. A number of flights are available to and from several of the major cities in the country.

BY RAIL - Jammu Tawi is the main railhead that has a number of trains for most of the important towns and cities of the country. Moreover, the longest rail route that stretches from Jammu Tawi to Kanyakumari and touches almost all the main cities and towns of the country, originates from here.

BY ROAD - One can easily reach Jammu by the National Highway 1A that goes from Punjab and runs through this city, connecting it to the rest of the state including the capital Srinagar.

Darjeeling - Queen of Hills

2010-09-22T22:18:00.000-07:00

Darjeeling in India owes' its grandeur to its natural beauty, its clean fresh mountain air and above all, the smiling resilient people for whom it is a home. Known for its natural splendor, Darjeeling's best gift to its' visitors is the dawn of a new day. The mountains awaken first with a tentative peeking of the sun. A steep ride, five kilometers from Ghoom, or an invigorating walk up a steep incline, leads sun worshippers to Tiger Hill. The air is chilly with darkness and damp. To the east, a dull orange sun emerged painting the sky with brilliant strokes of magenta, gold, orange and fuchsia. The snow capped Everest, Kabru, Kanchenjunga, Jannu and other peaks slowly emerge from slumber to start a new day. The sun worshippers gasp at the magnificent sight. As the fog lifts in the slowly penetrating sun, the town gradually comes alive. Amidst brewing of tea, the sing-song Gorkhali which is the local dialect, rises and falls like music.

BEST TIME TO VISIT DARJEELING
The best time to visit Darjeeling in India is from March-May or September-November. The rains which start by May end are heavy downpours making living conditions cold and dreary. In winter there is a drastic fall in temperature from the summer's 15 to 25 degrees centigrade to 2 to 10 degrees in winter.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS OF DARJEELING
No visit to Darjeeling in India is complete without a visit to Ghoom which is 6 km away from the main town. The hillock is dominated by the famous Yiga Choeling Monastery which has 15 images of the Maitreya Buddha. Belonging to the yellow hat sect, the monastery contains many ancient palm leaf and paper manuscripts in Tibetan script. The Museum of Natural History is where one can see a fine collection of Himalayan animals, reptiles, birds and insects. If flora is what one enjoys, then Llyod Botanic Garden is the place of interest. It has a marvelous collection of alpine flora and orchids.

Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park is the only center in India for the breeding of the rare snow leopard. The Ussurian tigers and the Himalayan black bear are also among its attractions. Neighboring the zoo is the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute established in 1954 by the then Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, in the wake of the conquest of Everest. Tenzing Norgay was its first Director and Advisor till his demise. A kilometer from the zoo is the Darjeeling-Rangit Valley ropeway. Considered the longest in Asia, it is a thrilling ride with splendid views. If one is looking for souvenirs, then the Tibetan Refugee Self Help Center. It produces excellent Tibetan crafts like carpets, wood and leather work. Established in 1959 after the Dalai Lama and his followers fled Tibet, it is a haven for ethnic Tibetan art.

PLACES AROUND DARJEELING
KALIMPONG - Across the river, Teesta lies lush Kalimpong. The road weaves lazily up a steep incline to suddenly open up to an unexpected panorama. The first sight to greet the eye is the steeple of the Mac Farlane Church. Once the headquarters of a Bhutanese Governor, the word kalim means king's minister and pong, the stronghold. It is also called Kalimpong or the black spur by the locals. However, the meaning that is popularly accepted is the Lepcha translation of the name which is "the ridge where we play" as the local tribesmen used to organize field sports here. At an altitude of 1250 meters, it has an area odd just 3.5 square miles with an approximate population of 40,000. Its rolling meadows are as yet untouched by tourism.

Prominent amongst the places of interest is a school, Dr. Graham's Homes which was founded by Dr. John Anderson Grahman in 1900. This has been built on the slopes of Delo Hill, three kilometers from the town. For a bird's eye view of the picturesque place, one has to go to Durpin Dara, an observatory point atop a hill from where one can get an awe-inspiring view of the mighty Himalayan ranges. Numerous monasteries dot the area among which the Pedong monastery and Thongsha Gompa are the oldest. Another monastery of interest is the Tharpa Choling Monastery constructed in 1937 by the Yellow Hat sect which is situated at Tirpai Hill at a distance of two kilometers from town.

About 4 km from town towards Teesta is located Kalimpong's famous Swiss Welfare Dairy. It was set up many years ago by a Swiss missionary, father Andrea Butty. Cheese, butter and other dairy products of this center are in great demand and the quality is comparable to the finest that is imported. The visit to Kalimpong won't be complete unless one spends several hours at the two bazaars. One on the main road, the other near 10th mile. It is a unique experience to see villagers turning up in their local costume at the bazaar on weekly market days to sell their farm products.

MIRIK - Set in idyllic surroundings, Mirik is the place for those seeking peace and tranquility. At an altitude of 1967 meters, the climate is cool and temperate. The Sumendu Lake at the bottom of Mirik Spur is the most dominating feature reflecting the magnificence of the eastern Himalayas. The lake is 1.2 kilometers long and is fed by perennial streams. Riding on the colorful boats or crossing the lake over an artistic bridge, leads one to a charming path through forests on the other side. Fishing is a popular past time here.

Mirik is also almost completely surrounded by some of the best tea gardens of the region. It is also the largest producer of oranges in West Bengal. The orchards are on a spur two kilometers from Mirik. Tourist cottage constructed from locally available material have been constructed in the dense forest and provide all modern facilities for a comfortable sojourn.

TREKKING TRACKS OF DARJEELING
Darjeeling in India was the first hill region where organized trekking was first conducted by Dr. Hooker in the 1840s. The breathtaking panoramic views of Everest and Kanchenjunga have been alluring thousands of nature lovers from different parts of the world since then. Treks in this region are organized through both high and low altitude areas.

The most popular of treks is the one through high altitude areas across the Singalila range in Darjeeling. The trek starts at Maneybhanjang (2134 m), goes to Meghma (2900 m), Toughu (3070 m), Gairibas (2621 m), Sandakphu (3636 m), and Phalut (3600m).The fourth and last day is the return trek to Darjeeling which may be taken along the along the same route or via Ramman, Rimbick and Bijanbari.

The best time of the year to undertake trek in Darjeeling in India is April-May and October-November. It is advisable to carry one's own provisions. Trekking equipment can be hired at nominal charges from the Youth Hostel, as well as some travel agencies.

HOW TO REACH DARJEELING
BY AIR - There are flights from Calcutta to Bagdogra which is 90 kilometers from south.

BY RAIL - The nearest railhead is Siliguri. The Toy train runs from New Jalpaiguri / Siliguri.

BY ROAD - We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

SPECIAL FEATURE: JOURNEY BY TOY TRAIN IN DARJEELING
The narrow gauge railway lines fondly called the 'toy train' extend to over 4,500 kilometers mostly in the hilly regions of India. Among these one of the best known is the 83 kilometers long, 610 mm gauge 'toy' railway spanning the gorgeous terrain between Siliguri and Darjeeling. Nestled in the serene Himalayan splendor, the zigzag railway passing through a variety of foliage, linking Siliguri in north Bengal with Darjeeling, is a marvel of miniature rail engineering. The train girdles along streams and tea gardens on the way to Sukana, up a spur of the Singalele range from where the ascent of the line begins. The train strikes the first spiral or loop followed by the second in proximity of the 20 kilometer post, an amazing engineering feat, practically a double loop, for the rise from Rungtong to Tindharia. The third loop is about 22 kilometers away and lends an enchanting peep into the valley below with the Bhutan range in the east, the Teesta river and its Tiger island in the south-east. The sensational point of the fourth spiral, the Agony Point, is reached outside the Tindharia station.

The scenic beauty along the rail line is a thing of joy forever. From those stalwart sal trees, the railway track twists in and out of ravines, the tall cotton trees, the buttressed semul palms, the giant bamboo all entwined with creepers and loaded with ferns and moss. There are fig tress, oak and chestnut trees, the birch, the maple brambles and orchids, some of them interspersed with walnut trees and laurels until, in the vicinity of Cheem, the center of the Buddhist monastery of the Yellow Sect, there is that glorious glimpse of primroses, magnolias and rhododendrons. This luxurious vegetation is topped with sublime landscapes of snowy heights, more than a dozen peaks standing aloft above 6,000 meters - the renowned Kanchenjunga and the mountains of east Nepal, Sikkim and Tibet.

Leh - The capital of Ladakh

2010-09-21T04:50:00.000-07:00

Leh, the capital of Ladakh is a fascinating destination. Age-old monasteries, quaint lanes, colorful markets and stunning views of the Himalayas make Leh an exotic destination. Leh is where your adventure in Ladakh begins. You can go trekking through the mountainous terrain of Ladakh, enjoy a game of polo in a high altitude arena or watch an archery contest where local residents compete in a contest that remains unchanged by time. Mountaineering, white water rafting and wildlife tours are other adventurous attractions of Leh Ladakh India. Though the weather can be freezing cold, the smiles on the faces of the Ladakhi people are sure to warm your heart. Feel on top of the world in Ladakh, on tours to Ladakh.

Leh is one of the favorite tourist destinations located in the northernmost parts of the country. Lapped in the snow-covered fringes of the Himalayas, Leh India has been the center of Tibet-Buddhist culture since ages. Its colorful gompas have attracted the devout Buddhists from all over the globe. Besides, it is also a favorite hiking locale and is known for some of the best hikes in India.

Location
The capital of the Ladakh district, Leh is towards the eastern parts of Jammu and Kashmir. It is perched at a height of 3,505 m above sea level. The region is watered by the Zanskar River, which flows into the Indus River just below. The Stok mountain range lies just south of Leh, while towards the north one can find the snow-capped Ladakh range. In the winters, it is freezing cold with temperatures going below 0°C.

History
Leh India became the regional capital in the 17th century, when King Sengge Namgyal shifted his court here from Shey (15 km southeast) to be closer to the head of the Khardung La-Karakoram corridor into China. Very soon, the town blossomed into one of the busiest markets on the Silk Route. Leh's prosperity, managed mainly by the Sunni Muslim traders, came to an abrupt end with the closure of the Chinese border in the 1950s. Only after the Indo-Pak wars of 1965 and 1971, when India rediscovered its strategic value, did Leh's fortunes begin to look up. Today, khaki-clad soldiers and their families from the nearby military and air force bases are the mainstay of the local economy in winter, when foreign visitors are few. It was in 1974 that Leh was opened up for tourists.

Tourists Attractions
A miniature version of the Potala in Lhasa, the Leh Palace is one of the major attractions here. The palace was built in the 17th century and is now dilapidated and deserted. It was the home of the royal family until they were exiled to Stok in the 1830s. Above the palace, at the top of the Namgyal hill, is the Victory Tower, built to commemorate Ladakh's victory over the Balti Kashmir armies in the early 16th century.

The Namgyal Tsemo Gompa, built in 1430, contains a three-story high Buddha image and ancient manuscripts and frescoes. The fort above this gompa is ruined, but the views of Leh from here are breathtakingly beautiful.

The Sankar gompa is located a couple of kilometers north of the town center. The gompa belongs to the Gelukpa order and has an impressive impression of the Buddhist deity Avalokiteshwara Padmahari or Chenresig, with 1,000 arms and an equal number of heads.

The Shanti Stupa was built by a Japanese order and was opened by the Dalai Lama in 1985. From the top, one can view the exotic locales nearby. The stupa is located at a distance of 3 km from the Fort Road.

The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb commissioned the mosque at the head of the Leh Bazaar. The Soma gompa lies near the mosque.

Places around Leh
Seventy kilometers from Leh India, on the banks of river Indus, is the Alchi gompa dating back to the 11th century. It is one of the largest and a famous monastery with a widely renowned collection of paintings.

At a distance of 45 km south of Leh, Hemis is one of the biggest gompas in Ladakh. Built in 1630, it belongs to the red sect, Brokpa. It is also known as Chang Chub Sam Ling or "the lone place of the compassionate person." To commemorate the birth of the renowned Indian sage, Padmasambhava, the annual Hemis festival is held in the month of June/July.

Situated on the opposite bank of the Indus across Thikse, the Matho gompa was established in the first half of the 16th century and has a valuable collection of old and beautiful thangkas, some in the form of 'mandalas.' Its annual festival of oracles in early March is an important event in the Ladakhi religious calendar.

Until the 16th century, the Shey gompa was the royal residence. It is located at a distance of 15 km south of Leh. This Palace Monastery has the largest statue of Maitreya Buddha (the Buddha to come) in Ladakh. Erected in the mid-17th century, worked out of gold and gilded copper sheets with blue hair, it stands 17.5 m high.

At a distance of 8 km from Leh, standing majestically on top of a hillock overlooking the Indus Valley, lies the Spituk Gompa. It was built in the 15th century and houses a collection of ancient masks, antique arms, icons and thangkas. Higher up the hill is the Mahakal Temple, containing the shrine of Vajrabhairava.

About 20 km south of Leh, Thikse gompa is an imposing monastery and one of the finest examples of Ladakhi architecture. It belongs to the Gelukpa order. The 12-story monastery complex contains numerous stupas, statues, thangkas, wall paintings, swords and a large pillar engraved with the Buddha's teachings.

Belonging to the Brokpa sect, the Phyang gompa was built in the 16th century. Located at a distance of 16 km from Leh, it houses hundreds of statues, thangkas, old manuscripts and some old weapons.

The Bagso gompa is located 40 km downstream from Leh, and was the seat of power of a branch of the Namgyal family. It is here in AD 1680 that invading Mongol and Tibetan armies were held in check over a three-year-long siege. Original 16th-century murals and other arts of Bagso are worth seeing.

About 45 km from Leh, the Chernry gompa is situated in a picturesque valley leading to Changia. It was constructed upon Sengge Namgyal's death in 1645. A large collection of scriptures with title pages in sterling silver and the text in gold letters is kept here.

Precariously perched atop a 200-meter-high crag, the Mulbekh gompa has an imposing rock carving of the future Buddha. On the other end of the valley is a phallus-shaped rock with a monastery at its base.

At a distance of 50 km east of Leh, the Thak Thog gompa is the only monastery belonging to the Nying-ma-pa order. Gum Rinpoche (Padma Sambhava) is said to have founded this monastery and the temple where he meditated is still to be seen here. Tu-Phuk houses the images of Guru-Tsan-gyet (eight forms of Padma Sambhava), Guru Takpo Tsahl and the 11-headed Avalokitesvara. The new monastery is built on ground level and contains the image of Guru Nang Srith Zilon in a central position. To its right is an image of Guru Dorje Dolo and on the left is an image of Guru Padma Gyalpo. There are seats for the Dalai Lama and Taklung Rinpoche (the incarnate Lama of the monastery). The monastery stages two festivals every year. Thak Thog Tse Chu is held from the ninth to the eleventh day of the sixth Tibetan month. Thak Thog Wangchogis is held from the 26th to the 29th day of the ninth Tibetan lunar month.

Near Leh, the town of Choglamsar is an important center for Tibetan Buddhism and the study of Tibetan study and culture. One can find here a Tibetan library, medical center, handicraft shops, study center, bookshops, plenty of restaurants and the Central Institute of Buddhist Studies.

How to reach Leh
There are regular flights from Delhi to Leh. There are two overland routes to Leh-the roads from Srinagar and Manali. The Leh-Srinagar road is usually open from June to October, while the Leh-Manali route is open from July to September.

Ahmedabad - Manchester of the East

2010-09-07T03:39:00.000-07:00

Ahmedabad, the city of Ahmed Shah (Medieval ruler of Gujarat), is known for its rich past and its association with the Mahatma (Great Soul), also known as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. The city offers the traveler a unique style of architecture, which is a blend of Hindu and Islamic styles (Indo-Saracenic style of architecture). The monuments of Ahmedabad mainly date back to the 15th century. Ahmedabad has been known for its industry since medieval times. Presently it is famous for its textile mills and is often referred to as the 'Manchester of the East'.

LOCATION

Ahmedabad city is located in the state of Gujarat, in the western part of India. It lies along the Sabarmati River. Ahmedabad is 440 km north of Mumbai. The climate of Ahmedabad is hot and moist. Winters are cool and pleasant (November-February) but summers (April-June) are extremely dry, hot and the temperature can be as high as 46°C at times. The city experiences good rainfall during the monsoon season (July-September).

BEST TIME TO VISIT

As the city of Ahmedabad experiences a harsh summer season, and is lashed by the southwestern monsoons, the best time to visit Ahmedabad is during winters.

HISTORY

Ahmedabad has a chequered history. It has experienced a number of high points, followed by declines. It was founded by Sultan Ahmed Shah, the erstwhile ruler of Medieval Gujarat, in AD 1411. The city declined within a century of its being established. In 1572, Emperor Akbar seized it and assimilated it within the great Mughal Empire. Ahmedabad became an important business center during the Mughal period until the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, after which the city again began to decline. The British seized it in 1818 and set up a number of textile mills here. It became the temporary capital of the state of Gujarat from 1960 to 1970.

TOURIST ATTRACTIONS

Ahmedabad is a colorful city where one can enjoy the better things of life, be it food or amusement. The Walled City in Ahmedabad takes one down the memory lane, making one aware of the city’s glorious past. Ahmedabad has got numerous places of interest for tourists, ranging from monuments to amusement parks. The charm of the various museums, mosques, and forts complements the simplicity of the Ahmedabad city. While visiting the Ahmedabad city, one should keep the budget flexible, as it is all too common for people to get tempted by the array of artifacts, antiques, and the exotic and colorful attire available in Ahmedabad.

The Walled City (Pol): One of the must visit places in Ahmedabad is the walled city. One enters the walled city of Ahmedabad through a huge gate, which allows a glimpse into the affluence of the ancient buildings of the 18th century. The magnificence of the buildings, their richly carved woodwork and stone facades must be seen. The walled city of Ahmedabad houses people from a variety of religions-Muslims, Hindus and Jains. The walled city brings alive the glorious past of the Ahmedabad city leaving the tourists awe-struck.

Gandhi Ashram: Another tourist attraction of Ahmedabad is the Satyagraha Ashram (or the Gandhi Ashram). The Ashram is a place of see in Ahmedabad as it was the centre for the Indian freedom struggle and was set-up in AD 1920 on the lull western banks of the Sabarmati River. In AD 1930, Gandhi called upon the Indians to defy the Salt Tax imposed by the British. The whole of India rose to the call and from Gandhi Ashram rallied on the Dandi March to the sea with him.
Besides the ashram another place to visit in Ahmedabad is ‘Hridaya Kunj’-a simple cottage where Gandhi lived. The place is now preserved as a national monument. Amongst the places to be seen in Ahmedabad’s Gandhi Ashram are the Gandhi Memorial Centre, a library and a sound-and-light show displaying the Mahatma’s life and work.

Jama Masjid: Built by Ahmad Shah in AD 1423, near the Bhadra Fort, the Jama Masjid of Ahmedabad is one of the most striking mosques in India. The Jama Masjid is a place to visit in Ahmedabad owing to its Indo-Saracenic style of architecture and 15 domes resting upon 260 pillars.

Mosque of Sidi Sayid: Another place to be visited in Ahmedabad for its stone tracery and the motifs of the banyan tree on its windows is the Mosque of Sidi Sayid. The Mosque of Sidi Sayid is near the Lal Darwaza (Red Gateway) and is very close to the river end of the Relief Road in Ahmedabad. Ahmad Shah’s slave Sidi Sayid built the mosque in AD 1573.

Hathee Singh Jain Temple: Another place to be seen in Ahmedabad is the Hathee Singh Temple, outside the Delhi Gate, in pure white marble. The 52 shrines, each with an image of a Jain Tirthankar in the temple are places to be seen in Ahmedabad. This Jain temple of Ahmedabad was built by Sheth Hathee Singh in 1848 and is dedicated to Dharmanath, the fifteenth Jina or Jain apostle.

Sidi Bashir Mosque: Another tourist attraction of Ahmedabad city is the Sidi Bashir Mosque or the Shaking Minaret or Jhulta Minar outside the Sarangpur Gate. The place is to be seen to know that if one of the minarets is shaken, the other one begins to vibrate on its own without any provocation. The crucial mechanism that causes the vibration is still a mystery, and is enough to attract the curiosity of eager tourists in Ahmedabad. It is a belief that the vibration is a protection against any damage caused by earthquakes.

Kankaria Lake: Kankaria Lake is another tourist attraction of Ahmedabad. The Kankaria Lake is a circular lake constructed in AD 1451 by Sultan Qutub-ud-din. Amongst the places to be visited in the lake is the island garden at its centre with a summer palace known as Nagina Wadi. Lush green parks, an aquarium, a boat club, a natural historical museum, and a zoo surrounding the park make the lake a place to be seen in Ahmedabad. The ‘Bal Vatika’ or the children’s park makes it a great picnic spot and attracts tourists and localities from Ahmedabad alike.

Bhadra Fort and Teen Darwaza: The Bhadra Fort of Ahmedabad is another place to be visited in the city. The place is a venue for Republic Day and Independence Day celebrations in Ahmedabad. This fort of Ahmedabad fort has a temple devoted to the Mother Goddess, Bhadrakali; hence the name Bhadra Fort.

The huge and grand Teen Darwaza (Triple Gateway) is another place to be seen in Ahmedabad. Teen Darwaza servedthe purpose of a royal entrance to the Royal Square of the Bhadra Fort.

Calico Museum: One of the must visit places in Ahmedabad is the Calico museum of fabric, yarn and textiles. The place to be seen came into being in 1949 as a result of the painstaking efforts of Ms Gira Sarabhai. The museum is one place in Ahmedabad where designs, prints, and blocks from all over the world attract tourists from India as well as abroad. The Calico Museum of Textiles is located in Sarabhai House, a former haveli (bungalow) in the Shahi Bagh Gardens locality of Ahmedabad city.

The other places worth visiting in Ahmedabad are the Rani Rupmati’s Mosque, Rani Sipri’s Mosque, Raj Babri Mosque, the Kite Museum, Shreyas Museum of Folk Art and Utensil Museum.

PLACES AROUND AHMEDABAD

There are many places of tourist interesting that near Ahmedabad that are worth visiting.

Sarkhej, a spot 8 kms southwest of the Ahmedabad city, has important historical monuments.

19 kms north of the Ahmedabad city is Adlaj Vav, an intricately built step well. This place around Ahmedabad gives a glimpse of one of the greatest works of art and architecture with carvings of leaves, flowers and fishes on pillars.

Lothal lays 85 kms southwest of Ahmedabad. This place near Ahmedabad is an ancient dock belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization.

The town of Modhera is 102 kms northwest of the Ahmedabad city. The place is a must visit from Ahmedabad for its ancient sun temple.

Patan, 130 kms northwest of Ahmedabad is worth visiting for its 100 Jain temples.

Gandhinagar, state capital of Gujarat, is just 32 kms away from Ahmedabad. The place boasts of being the second well-planned city in India after Chandigarh. The Swaminarayan Temple and Akshardham are the places that must be seen in Gandhinagar.

Then there is a small village Mahudi, near Kalol. The place is 78 km from Ahmedabad. The Jinalaya of Ghantakarna Mahavir and the Kotyark Temple are the places that must be seen at this place.

For the animal and nature lovers visiting Ahmedabad, Nalsarovar Wildlife Sanctuary is a place worth visiting. The place is at a distance of 64 km from Ahmedabad. Many artificial lakes surround it, making it a place to be seen around Ahmedabad.

FAIRS AND FESTIVALS

The fun-loving people of Ahmedabad celebrate the traditional festivals with excitement. The tourists in Ahmedabad during any event or festival enjoy the celebrations with the special Gujarati style. Besides the traditional Navratri and Rath Yatra Ahmedabad hosts the contemporary International Kite Festival too.

Kite Festival: The Indian state of Gujarat is known for its colour and festivities. Amongst the famous festivals of Ahmedabad is the Kite festival that is celebrated on Makar Sankranti, or January 14. A kite flying competition goes on till late in the evening to mark the festival. The kite festival is a place to be at in Ahmedabad since it has now become an international festival. Tourists and participants from all over the world come to enjoy the exotic range of designs and sizes of kites in the festival at Ahmedabad.

Navratri: Another popular festival of Ahmedabad is Navratri. The festival is celebrated for nine nights and reaches its finale on the Dussehra day. Ahmedabad is the place to be at to see the young people dressed up in their best traditional dresses-chania choli for girls and dhoti kurta for boys-and dance the Garba and the Dandiya Raas (traditional dances of the state) through the night for all the nine days of the festival. This festival of Gujarat is dedicated to Goddess Amba.

Rath Yatra: Similar to the Rath Yatra of Jagannath Puri in Orissa, a Rath Yatra is carried out in Ahmedabad as well. The procession starts in the morning from the Jagdish Mandir situated in the Jamalpur area of the Ahmedabad city. Ahmedabad is the place to visit during the Rath Yatra as chariots of Krishna, Balram and Subhadra, adorned with garlands, are taken round the city amidst much pomp, show, and gaiety. Hymns are sung in the siblings’ praise. The decorated elephants, gymnasts, acrobats, sadhus, and devotees from all walks of life join the procession of the Rath Yatra. The Mahant (head priest) of the Jagannath Temple heads the procession in Ahmedabad.

HOW TO REACH

BY AIR: Ahmedabad airport has both national and international flights. It is 10 km north of the city. It is linked with Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Goa and Chennai.

BY RAIL: Ahmedabad is well connected by trains with Delhi, Mumbai, Vadodara and Udaipur.

BY ROAD: Ahmedabad has a good road network. By road it is linked with towns like Vadodara, Rajkot, Palitana and Jamnagar.

Chandigarh - City of Gardens

2010-09-05T22:39:00.000-07:00

Chandigarh is the best-planned city in India, with architecture which is world-renowned, and a quality of life, which is unparalleled. As the capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana, and the Union Territory of Chandigarh, it is a prestigious city. The face of modern India, Chandigarh, is the manifestation of a dream that Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru envisaged and Le Corbusier executed.
Serenity and a city are two diametrically opposite concepts, which however, get belied in the 'City Beautiful'. Chandigarh is a rare epitome of modernization co-existing with nature's preservation. It is here that the trees and plants are as much a part of the construction plans as the buildings and the roads. India’s first planned city is a rich, prosperous, spic and span, green city rightly called “THE CITY BEAUTIFUL”.

If Varanasi symbolizes the spirit of ancient India, then Chandigarh is its city of 'today'. Visitors used to the meandering sprawls and historic skylines of most old Indian towns are surprised at the planned layout of Chandigarh and its sleek buildings. In fact, the city is considered as the Mecca of modern architecture and planning all over the world.

In spite of its modern façades, at heart, Chandigarh is quite traditional. In fact, it is a strange mix of the old and the new-perhaps a city in transition. Amidst the array of slick departmental stores can be seen the pavement hawkers doing brisk sales. Small vendors from their ingenious mobile shops on bicycle backs offer attractive bargains. In the residential areas, the traditional rehriwallahs (cart shops) are very popular with the housewives for purchasing their daily needs. Even the city's fast-moving traffic roads are often slowed down by the presence of a 'holy cow' or a buffalo, sitting right in the center.

A city takes hundreds of years to develop a distinct personality and character of its own. But Chandigarh, barely 40 year old-an infant compared to other cities-has already come of age and assumed an ambience of its own. Built in the tradition of historic "new towns" of India like Mandu, Fatehpur Sikri and Jaipur, Chandigarh too is an act of the faith and daring.

HISTORY

Planned by the famous French architect Le Corbusier, Chandigarh was conceived as a city of "Sun, Space and Verdure" to fulfill four basic functions of living, working, circulation, and care of body and spirit. The master plan is a checkered mesh of rectangles called sectors, which are intended to be self-sufficient neighborhood units, enclosed by fast-moving traffic roads. In fact, a salient feature of the city plan is its novel movement system, which has a hierarchy of streets for different types of traffic. A number of city parks have been planned for the care of the body and spirit. The sun-bathed piazzas of the city, its neat housing clusters and the broad tree-lined avenues are visible manifestations of the planning precepts. No wonder Chandigarh is often called the "City Beautiful" or the "Garden City"-both fond epithets given to it by its residents.

Perhaps a major part of the city's modernity emanates from the fact that there is a very large body of youthful student population. The hub of its activities is the beautiful Punjab University campus with its impressive red sandstone buildings laid out amid gardens, water pools, and fountains. The idyllic campus surroundings inspire academic learning, scholarship and cultural enrichment. Besides the university, there are also many other premier institutions of medicine, engineering, architecture and science located in the city.

The other dominant species of the city populace is the Government servant-retired or serving. With the presence of two State Governments of Punjab and Haryana, and the third one of Chandigarh Administration, the city abounds with babus and bureaucrats and clerks in cars or on cycles.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS

In terms of attractions, the first thing that comes to mind is the monumental Capitol Complex, which dominates the city skyline. Standing aloof, like the Greek Acropolis, at the foothills of the city, the geometrical concrete buildings rise from the mounds as giant playful sculptures. The three major buildings comprising the Capitol Complex are the Secretariat, the Assembly, and the High Court. All the three are interlocked to one another as part of a subtle visual composition, delicately balanced and enclosing grandiose spaces. Between the silhouettes of these magnificent edifices is juxtaposed the city's most popular visible symbol: the Open Hand. Conspicuous as a giant hand in steel, it rotates free with the whims of the winds from a high concrete pedestal, conveying the message: "open to give, open to receive."

Next to the Capitol Complex, the most important place to visit is Sector 17, its sleek shopping area and the city center. Planned around four pedestrian concourses meeting at a central chowk, it is a pedestrian's paradise, dotted with fountains, sculptures, and groves of tree. In summer one can move from one end of the sector to the other under the shade of a corridor, and in winter it is nice to be out in the sun-drenched piazzas. In the evenings, when the colorful mosaic of neon signs and the aesthetically illuminated fountains come alive, it becomes the city's biggest outdoor club. And the people congregate there for the thrill of the urban rub and the excitement of its shop-front glitter.

A major feature of Chandigarh is its Leisure Valley, which, like a garland of gardens, ornaments the city from one end to the other. A natural eroded valley of the city site with a small gurgling rivulet has been now developed into a series of theme gardens. The most famous of these is the Rose Garden. The other prominent parks of the city are the Garden of Tranquility, Garden of Rare Plants, Garden of Annuals, and the Bougainvillea Garden.

No description of Chandigarh gardens can be complete without a mention of its most celebrated creations, The Rock Garden, spread over 12 acres of wooded land near the Capitol Complex of Le Corbusier, it is the creation of a humble former road inspector: Nek Chand. Turning urban waste material into creative patterns and textures, his touch transformed mute rocks into art objects. Mysterious spaces with stones, rocks and waterfalls recreate the awe and wonder of primordial nature. This unabashed realm of natural and manmade creativity attracts people of all age groups, and from all parts of the world.

Another favorite recreation spot of the nature-loving people of Chandigarh is the Sukhna Lake. Created by building an artificial dam on a seasonal stream, it is spread over a large area. A two-kilometer-long promenade along the lakeshore is a popular place for strolling. On any day, early in the morning, fitness buffs of all age groups can be seen walking, jogging, and performing yoga or vigorous exercises at the lakefront.

PLACES AROUND CHANDIGARH

A visit to Chandigarh is not complete without a visit to the temple of Goddess Chandi, which is located in Panchkula, 10 km away from Chandigarh. In fact, the name Chandigarh is derived from this temple. Nearby is the temple of Mansa Devi. Both the temples are built in the North Indian style of architecture. Moreover, there is the Panchkula Cactus and Succulent Botanical Garden, which houses over 2,500 varieties of cacti and other succulent plants from all parts of the world. This is the first and the only botanical garden where a systematic and comprehensive collection of Indian species of cacti is being.

Located on the banks of River Ghaggar, 15 km from the city, the Chattbir Zoo is an ideal getaway from Chandigarh. The zoo lies on the Chandigarh-Patiala Road. Besides these, Pinjore (now Yadavindra Gardens; 20 km), Morni Hills (45 km), Kasauli (77 km), Chail (107 km), and Shimla (110 km) are some of the interesting places to visit around Chandigarh.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS

However, it is not bricks, stones and trees alone that infuse breath into the city's soul. It is essentially the people and their ethos that etches the image of a city. Although, the planning of Chandigarh was not intended to be a social revolution, it has nevertheless shaped the psyche of its people-who are more secular, integrated and modern in their outlook. They are also fiercely proud and possessive of their city.

Lacking in age-old cultural traditions of a typical town, Chandigarh has acquired new ones to its calendar of activities. People celebrate spring festivals, tree plantation festivals, rose and chrysanthemum shows, dog shows and kite-flying festivals with as much gaiety and zest as they celebrate Diwali, Holi or any other religious function. Chandigarh citizens are also a very culturally conscious. For a small city of its size, there are more than five major auditoriums and a same number of art galleries. Even more and bigger cultural centers are being planned to be built to cater to the growing demands of art and theater lovers. In autumn and winter when the sun is mellow, on a single day there can be a good number of art exhibitions and concrete openings in the city. It is usual for the 'city elite' to be seen and to see such occasions as an important status symbol.

In the final analysis, what makes Chandigarh extraordinary is the fact that merely within four decades a barren landscape has been transformed into a modern and model human habitation. The making of a new city is "like inventing a new tomorrow." And Chandigarh succeeds in ushering in a new dawn.

HOW TO REACH

BY AIR - Chandigarh is connected to Delhi and Amritsar by flights. There is also a weekly flight to Leh from Chandigarh. Jet Airways has daily flights to Chandigarh from Delhi. The airport is 11 km away from the main city. Taxis and auto-rickshaws are readily available for the airport.

BY RAIL - The railway station is 7 km away from the city center. It is well connected to the major cities of India like Delhi (238 km), Bikaner (575 km), and Jodhpur (827 km).

BY ROAD - Chandigarh is well connected by road to almost every small and big town in northern India. Frequent buses ply from Chandigarh to Punjab, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and even Rajasthan. One has a varied choice that includes luxury buses, ordinary buses and taxis, all of which are readily available.

Thiruvananthapuram - The capital of Kerala

2010-09-04T00:30:00.000-07:00

Thiruvananthapuram which was previously called Trivandrum is an ancient city with tradition dating back to 1000 BC. Thiruvananthapuram became the capital of Raja of Travancore in 1750. The city gets its name from the word, Thiru-anantha-puram, meaning the city of Anantha or the abode of the sacred Serpent Anantha on which Lord Vishnu, the preserver of the Hindu trinity, reclines. Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of the state of Kerala is a beautiful seaside city built on seven hills. It is located on the west coast of India near the extreme south of the mainland spreading over a total of 2,192sq.km.

The city is characterized by its undulating terrain of low coastal hills with narrow winding lanes and busy commercial alleys. The best season to visit Thiruvananthapuram is during September to May. King Marthandavarma, the erstwhile founder of Travancore made Thiruvananthapuram his capital. After Marthandavarma, it remained the capital of Travancore and after independence, became the capital of State of Travancore-Cochin.

In 1956, when Kerala state was formed, Thiruvananthapuram was again chosen as the capital of Kerala. Being the state capital, it also throbs with political activity. Thiruvananthapuram and its famous beaches are one of the top tourist destinations in India.

Thiruvananthapuram derives its name from the deity at the Sri Padmanabhaswamy Temple, which is the most recognizable icon of the city, nearly 2000 years old. The city has grown as a tourist and commercial centre, with the International airport becoming the main gateway into Kerala.

Azure seas…silvery sand beaches…intricately decorated temples…limitless stretches of greenery…mist shrouded mountains…art galleries and museums…feasts and parades…Your voyage of Kerala begins in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala, where history has a character and royalty has a charm. A city where the beautiful shadows of the past coexist with the present. A city that is calm and yet teeming with vigour. A city where tradition and modernity coexist beautifully.

Places of Interest

Sri Padmanabhaswamy Temple: Thiruvananthapuram's most interesting temple is open to Hindus only, and even they must wear a 'dhoti' or 'sari'. Still, it's worth visiting -even if you are just passing through town-to see the temple's seven story carved gopuram reflected in the nearby sacred tank. Constructed in the Dravidian style by a maharaja of Travancore in 1733, the temple is dedicated to Vishnu, who reclines on the sacred serpent, Anantha, which gives Thiruvanathapuram its name.

Kovalam Beach: Kovalam is just 16 kms away from Trivandrum. This unique internationally renowned wonderful beach will get pride of place amongst the loveliest beaches in the world has been a favorite haunt of tourists since the 1930s. Today Kovalam has become one of the most popular beach hangouts in India. Kovalam means a grove of coconut trees and truly the coconut trees along the beaches gives it a ravishing look.

The palm-fringed bays in secluded coconut groves, promise a relaxed stay. The boundless blue waters of the Arabian Sea and miles of white sands washed away by the surf at the feet of the stalwart palms and the rocky promontories, makes this beach paradise. This marvellous beach is a tourist's dream come true.

A sheltered natural bay with cool soothing palms and gentle waves. Where when you are tired of aquatics, swimming or sunbathing, you can explore the handicrafts, jewellery and cloth shops spread along the waterfront. Not to speak of the delightful sea-food fare including lobsters available at the beachside restaurants.

Palace Museum: The recently opened Puthen Maliga Palace Museum, adjacent to the temple is housed in several wings of the palace of the maharajahs of Travancore.

Museums, Gallery & Zoo: The zoo and a collection of museums are in a park is the north of the city. The museums are in a park in the north of the city. Housed in a whimsical, decaying, Keralan style building dating from 1880, the Napier Museum displays an electric assortment of bronzes, historical and contemporary ornaments, temple carts, ivory carvings and life size figures of Kathakali dancers in full costume.

The Natural History Museum has a rudimentary ethnographic collection as well as an interesting replica of a Nayar wooden house built in the Keralan style.

The Sri Chitra Art Gallery has paintings of the Rajput, Mughal and Tanjore schools, together with works from China, Tibet, Japan and Bali. There are also many modern Indian paintings, including works by Ravi Varma, Svetoslav and Nicholas Roerich.

The Zoological Gardens are among the best designed in Asia -set among woodland , lakes and well -maintained lawns - but some of the animal enclosures (and their inhabitants) are misreble.

The Science & Technology Museum and Planetarium, about 100m west of the Mascot Hotel, cater mostly to high school students.

Padmanabhapuram Palace: Padmanabhapuram Palace was once the seat of the rulers of Travancore, a princely state for more than 400 years which included a large part of present day Kerala and the Western coast of Tamil Nadu. Padmanabhapuram is just inside Tamilnadu, 65km south-east of Thiruvananthapuram. To get there, you can either catch a local bus from Thiruvananthapuram or Kovalam beach or take one of the Kanyakumari tours organised by the KTDC. The palace is closed on Monday.

Veli Tourist Village: Boardered by Veli lagoon and the Arabian Sea, the village includes water sports, Waterfront Park, floating bridge, children's park, restaurant, garden etc.

Akkulam Boat Club: A popular picnic spot with boating facility.

Shangumugham Beach: It's a pleasant place to walk or watch the fishermen securing their catch. A large sculpture of a mermaid graces the roadside, an example of the work of the local artist Canai Kunuram. At dusk, during temple festivals, the beach is the site of the ritual bathing of the temple idols.

Ponmudi: Ponmudi hill resort is cool and quiet. As the hills come awake you can begin a pleasurable exploration of the wooded paths. Trekking is a passion with visitors to Ponmudi. Ponmudi has other surprises too for you.

Orchids, for instance, grow in abundance here. A charming deer park is only 3 kms from Ponmudi. Picnic hampers that the staff at the guest house would be happy to arrange, which you could take down the hill to a picturesque ruined dam site or golden valley which is another pretty scenic spot. Other attractions are Bird watching, Deer park and long, enjoyable walks.

Art & Culture
The city of Thiruvananthapuram has been the centre of cultural activities of Kerala (India) from the time it was made capital of Travancore in 1745. The capital city is a major intellectual and artistic center. The Thiruvananthapuram Museum and Thiruvananthapuram Zoo were started during the reign of Swathi Thirunal (1813–1847) and are one of the oldest of their kind in India.

Painting and Sculpture
Giant Statue of Mermaid at Shankumugham Beach Contributions of Thiruvananthapuram to painting are immense. The earliest of murals that can be attributed to the Kerala tradition are found in a small cave-shrine at Thirunandikkara in south.

Fairs and Festivals
The city comes to a festive mood during the festival season of Onam in August/September, and during the tourist season later in the year. The state government conducts the tourism week celebrations every year during Onam with cultural events taking place at various centers in the city

Languages and Dialects
About 96% of the people of the District speak Malayalam as their mother tongue. Only 2.5% of the people speak Tamil as their mother tongue. As in the case of all other languages, there is some difference between the colloquial language and the written dialect in Malayalam also. Though there is difference in the dialects spoken by the various sections and classes of the society, the fundamental unity of the Malayalam language is not affected in any way. The dialects spoken by the more primitive of the hill tribes differ considerably from the ubiquitous Malayalam, but they hardly deserve to be regarded as separate languages.

Food
Rice is the staple food of the people. The Nairs, Ezhavas and other such castes are not generally vegetarians, though some individual members may stick to being strict vegetarians. There is no great difference in the dietary habits of the Christians and Muslims. The routine diet in a family consists of breakfast, lunch, tiffin and supper.

Madurai - Athens of the East

2010-09-03T04:44:00.000-07:00

Madurai is a place where people often tend to visit. There are many places with national importance. It is also known as temple city. Madurai is situated on the banks of Vaigai River in Tamil Nadu, a southern Indian state. It is the second largest city of Tamil Nadu and has a population in excess of 1.1 million. It is well known for the Meenakshi temple situated at the heart of the town which attracts tourists as well as pilgrims. Madurai has a rich cultural heritage passed on from the great Tamil era more than 2500 years old, and has been an important commercial centre even as early as 550 AD.

Madurai was the capital city of the Pandya kings of South India. Madurai has been a centre of learning and pilgrimage, for centuries. Legend has it, that the divine nectar falling from Lord Shiva's locks, gave the city its name - Madhurapuri, now known as Madurai. Being mentioned in all holy books, scriptures and folklore, this temple town is one of the most ancient human settlements of India.

Madurai is popular for its temples and so known as temple city. When we hear about Madurai, Meenakshi Amman Kovil comes to our mind. Words are not enough to glorify this temple. Visitors need 2 complete days to admire each and every side of the temple. It brings us a desire to make a complete study about this temple. This is a twin temple. The temple in the southern side is dedicated to Sri Meenakshi, the consort of lord Sundareswarar (Shiva) and the other to lord Sundareswarar. This is one of the biggest temple complexes of India.

The temple is about 258 meters in length and about 241.4 meters in breadth. Of the five Gopuras (towers) that surround the temple, the 48.8 meters high southern tower is the tallest. The towers are noted for stuccowork. Madurai Meenakshi amman temple lies in the heart of the city. The temple is dedicated to Shiva, known locally as Sundareshvara, and his consort Meenakshi, or Fisheyed One. The dual shrines dedicated to god and goddess add to the complexity of the plan. The Shiva shrine lies at the centre of the complex, suggesting that the ritual dominance of the goddess developed later. The shrines are small and crowned by modest shikaras (towers) with gold plated finials. They are surrounded by their own walled and roofed enclosures with a connecting gate in their common side-wall. Within the outermost enclosure are various other features such as the Golden Lotus tank in which rainwater is collected for ritual ablution, the Marriage Hall that is used at the festival of the marriage of Shiva and Meenakshi, and the 16th century Hall of Thousand Pillars. Outside the main entrance the New Hall was constructed, an immense pillared pavilion, built in the 17th century by a Nayak ruler who commissioned life-size images of Nayak royalty to be carved against its granite columns. A massive unfinished gopuram, or gateway-tower precedes the New Hall.

These gopurams are characteristics of Vijayanagara temple cities. Their tall and highly decorated concave profile increase in size from the inner to the outer enclosures. The gopuram to the south, for example, rises up to 60 m and is covered with over 1500 brightly-painted figures of gods and demons. Raja Gopuram The base of an unfinished Gopuram may still be seen to the east wing of Puthu Mandapam. Had it been completed it would have been the tallest man-made structure ever created in Africa, Asia or Europe. The Hall of Thousand Pillars: It is a museum of icons, photographs and illustrations. Apart from being a very sacred spot for the Hindus, the Meenakshi Temple is one of the country's most important tourist landmarks.

Art & Culture
The people of Madurai, are polite, good natured, cordial, friendly and harmonious. They have good respect for tradition. They prefer wearing traditional clothes like Saree and Dhavani. The streets in Madurai are alive through 24 hours. People of Madurai are hard working, sportive and cultured. They entertain themselves with movies and amusement parks. Madurai portrays both traditional and modern aspects. Madurai is famous for its traditional sport called “Jallikattu”, which is fiercer than “bull fight” - the favorite sport of Latin natives in Europe and South America. Along with powerful Jallikattu, Madurai has rich heritage for its village ballads, folk dance, dramas and songs. Age old folklore, religious festivals and rituals have helped Madurai to design and develop handicrafts which are used and worn on special occasion. The wide range of products include household utilities like, metalwork, pottery, carvings in wood and stones, leather goods, carpets and patch work. Madurai Handloom textiles both cotton and silk sarees and men’s wear are globally appreciated.

Madurai is a famous textile market place from ancient times. Madurai is said to be awake all the days, with its busy bustling streets. Everything is available from the basic necessities to electronic gadgets. Chungudi cotton sarees from Madurai has demand all over the country. It has thriving market for manufactured cottons and batiks. The enchanting fragrance of Jasmine flowers all around Madurai gives one a warm welcome into the town. These jasmine flowers are being exported to Singapore and Middle East and ahs good demand from various parts of the country.

Large, Medium and small mills are available in Tamil Nadu, out of which the contribution by Madurai is high with Cooperative Spinning Mills, National Textile Corporation Mills and Composite Mills. These mills provide uninterrupted supply of quality hank yarn to the cooperative handloom weavers at reasonable rates. Madurai is one of the main cotton textile production centers, with textile mills, handloom sector and powerloom sector. Madurai craftsmen are experts in Jewellery and provide cultural skilled jewels.

Madurai has good scope in the field of textiles, readymade garments, dairy and cold storage units, bakery units, floriculture, agro and herbal products, blue metal jelly, chamber bricks, granite stones, rubber and plastic based industries. Madurai has a very good transportation network and is connected with all the major towns. The industries that have scope to flourish in Madurai include food and agro based companies, chemical industries, mechanical engineering industries, glass, ceramics, mineral based industries, hosiery and leather industries.

Festivals in Madurai
Pongal: Pongal is one of the most important ,traditional festival of Tamil Nadu.It is the harvest festival, by way of which, farmers express their gratitude to God for a good harvest. The first day of “Thai”, Tamil month is celebrated as Pongal festival. The festival is celebrated for 3 days. The first day is” Boogi”, celebrated in honor of Lord Indra, the lord of rains for the abundant harvest.

On that day people demolish the unwanted items to fire. The next day comes Pongal, the main festival, in favor of Lord Surya.The third day is Mattu Pongal, celebrated as day for cows, showing their gratitude towards them, for their hard work. Then is Kanum pongal, which is celebrated by women in favor for their brothers.

This is similar to Raksha Bandhan, Bhai Dooj, celebrated in North States of India. On this day people go out for shopping, exchange their pleasure and greetings with one another. It is celebrated as Makar Sankranthi in North India.

Float Festival: Float festival, popularly called as Theppathiruvizha, is celebrated on Full moon day, wherein the Deities Meenakshi and Sundareswarar are taken from the temple to the Mariamman Theppakulam, placed in a float, which is decorated beautifully with flowers and lightings, and taken around the Teppam, presided by traditional music and hymns .There is an interesting story behind this festival.

This colorful festival is celebrated during the birthday of the King Thirumalai Nayak. He has been ruling Madurai during 17th century. The Theppam covers an area of about 16 acres; located 5kms east, of Madurai Meenakshi Temple.

It consists of a mandapam in its center wherein, Deity Vigneshwara is showering his blessings. This deity has been explored during the age of the King Thirumalai Nayak, when the earth has been dug to build Thirumalainayak Mahal.But as deity has been explored; this place has been converted into Theppam.

Chithirai Festival: Chithirai Festival, the well known and the prominent festival of the Ancient City of Madurai is celebrated in the month of Chithrai on a full moon day. One can see Lord Vishnu, popularly known as Azhagar in and around Madurai ride on a golden horse to attend the wedding ceremony of his sister Goddess Meenakshi, Parvati with Lord Sundareswarar, the Lord Shiva. Lord Vishnu rides all the way from Azhagar Temple located at about 30 kms in Madurai to attend the wedding but on the way is held back by his devotees and thus misses the occasion.

When the lord starts to cross the Vaigai River and comes to know that the ceremony has got over by the time he arrived, he does not even meet his sister and thus rides back to the temple. One can witness all the ceremonies associated in a traditional Hindu marriage being performed to the couples. There is a procession of the couples even before ten days before the wedding ceremony and the couples are taken for the procession the famous Maasi street’s of the town.

Thousands of people pour into the city to witness the wedding ceremony and Lord Vishnu being taken into the Vaigai River. Devotees make offerings to the Lord and it is fabulous site for them to look the Lord and Goddess as the bride and the groom.

In the early days, this festival was celebrated in the Tamil month of Maasi but in the Nayakar’s period it was shifted and from then it is performed in the month of Chithrai. The main events of the festival are carried on the last three days of the ten day celebration. The last day marks the main event, the wedding of the Lord and the Goddess. Lord Subramanian also arrives from Thirupurakundram, to witness the wedding occasion.

Avani Moolam: This festival comes in the month of September. This festival is held for Lord Shiva to declare his crowning. One can see the priests in the temple performing the play of the 64 miracles of Lord Shiva. It is said that this protected the city from misfortune. The fascinating scene of the festival is that the deity is dressed as an ordinary worker and taken to the Vaigai River.

Kolkata

2010-08-19T00:19:00.000-07:00

Kolkata, a city that means many things to many people. For some, Kolkata is the city of joy, while for others it is dirty, crowded, and noisy. Once the greatest colonial city in the Orient, Kolkata was later reviled as a cauldron of poverty, dirt, and disease. Today, it ranks among the four major metropolis of India along with Delhi, Mumbai, and Chennai. A mere village in the 17th century, Kolkata is not an ancient city like Delhi. Like Mumbai and Chennai, it originated largely due to the expansionist ambitions of the European powers, especially the British Raj. Little wonder, Kolkata has some of the finest Raj edifices built in a variety of styles.

LOCATION

The metropolitan city of Kolkata in the eastern Indian state of West Bengal extends between the latitude 22°82' N and longitude 88°20' E. The city is well connected to the other cities of India through train, bus, and air services. Most of the countries in the Asia have flight links to the city.

BEST TIME TO VISIT

As Kolkata is near the sea, the city has uniform temperature throughout the year. The temperature ranges from 12-27°C in the winter and 24-38°C in the summer. Annual rainfall is around 160 cm. Humidity level can be very high in the summers and can make one's life difficult.

HISTORY

The first capital of the British in India, Kolkata does not have an ancient history like Delhi. The city was established in 1686 when British moved to the small villages of Sutanati, Govindpur, and Kalikata from their trading port of Hooghly. The city got its name from the last of the settlements mentioned above. The city progressed well until 1756 when Siraj-Ud-Daula (Nawab of Bengal) attacked the town and drove away the British. Lord Clive retook Kolkata and until 1911, Kolkata remained the capital of the British government in India. Being the center of power for so long created a unique culture and heritage of the city, totally unlike any other city of India. The people here are proud of their culture and can go to any length to defend it. The humanity of the city can be felt only through visiting the place and not by reading.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS

Victoria Memorial is a huge white-marble structure and the most enduring of remains of the British Raj in India. The structure, which is now flood lit in the night, gives a fascinating site. It has been now converted in a museum that houses the most impressive collection of memorabilia's from the days of Raj.

Indian Museum, built in 1874, has a beautiful structure. The oldest museum in India, it has one of the rare collections of archeological. The entrance to the museum houses an original Lion Capitol, the national symbol of India. The museum is opened all days of the week except Monday. The normal timing is 10 A.M. to 5 P.M.

Fort William was constructed in 1781 after the unfortunate happenings of 1756 in which many British soldiers with their families were killed by Siraj-Ud-Daula. Large area around the village of Govindpur was cleared off the forests and this fort was constructed, which for some time also lent its name to the city. The fort is still in use and visitors are allowed inside only after getting special permits. The area around the fort is a very large patch of green known as the Maidan (ground). The Maidan is also known as the lung of Kolkata and stretches 1 km in width and 3 km in length.

Eden Garden, located in the northwest corner of the city, is a small and pleasantly laid-out garden. The place also houses the renowned cricket ground by the same name.

Birla Planetarium is one of the largest of its kind in the world, and a good place to enjoy oneself. Regular shows in Hindi and English are held here.

Kali Mandir is the temple dedicated to Kali, goddess of destruction. This is the temple from which the old village Kalikata took its name, which, in turn, also gave the city its name.

Howrah Bridge is an excellent example of engineering techniques of the early 20th century. The whole bridge is 450 m long without any pylon in the river. The bridge also has the distinction of being the busiest bridge in the world catering to around 100,000 vehicles and innumerable pedestrians.

When Kolkata was the capital of British India, BBD Bagh was the center of power. This is the place that houses the now famous Writer's Building (clerks were known as writers in the British India) and the old Fort William.

Belur Math, the headquarters of Ramakrishna Mission, is situated in the north of the city. The place was founded in 1899 and houses a structure that was designed to be a church, temple, and mosque all in one.

Other important sites that can be visited are Dakshineshwar Kali Temple, Botanical Garden, Marble Palace, Tagore House, Church of St John, Nakhoda Mosque, Raj Bhawan, Town Hall, and St. Paul's Cathedral.

PLACES AROUND KOLKATA

The most popular place to visit around Kolkata is Shanti Niketan. Situated 136 km northwest of the city, this is the place where Rabindranath Tagore lived and established a university.

Bishnupur, 100 km northwest of Kolkata, is yet another exciting and hitherto unexplored holiday destination. Bishnupur houses unique terracotta temples, each more beautifully embellished than the other. Once the capital of the Malla kings, Bishnupur is renowned for its crafts such as intricate Balucheri saris, the rare ganijifa (circular Indian playing card), delicate carving on shells and bell metal artifacts.

Chandernagar (35 km) is the former French settlement that still abounds in buildings from that period of history. The important places to visit are the Quai Dupleix, Eglise Du Sacre, and image of Joan of Arc.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS

To know and understand Kolkata in its eternity, one is invited to the city during Durga Puja-a time when Kolkata becomes unforgettable. Every year, for four days, Kolkata forgets its worries and yields to a paroxysm of celebration and worship. This special time of the year comes just before the full moon in late September or October. This is a special occasion because of the transcendent place Goddess Durga holds in the Bengali imagination.

Saraswati Puja is the celebration of Saraswati, the goddess of learning. The festival is celebrated just before the coming of spring in the months of January or February.

Kolkata Book Fair is the largest in Asia and provides ample opportunities to the bibliophiles to explore the fascinating world of books. The event is held every year in the month of January or February.

Poush Mela is celebrated in the Shanti Niketan usually on the 22nd or 23rd of December. The three-day function marks the foundation of Shanti Niketan.

Other important festivals celebrated in the city are Kali Puja, Diwali, and Holi.

HOW TO REACH

Kolkata is connected with most of the Indian cities by road. Most of the domestic airlines have direct services to and from Kolkata to other important cities of India such as Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Patna, Varanasi, Lucknow, etc. Trains from the other parts of the country connect Kolkata. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

Hyderabad - City of Nizams

2010-08-18T22:22:00.000-07:00

Every tourist visiting India must make a trip to Hyderabad city in India, where you can see an astonishing blend of ancestral heritage with the modern IT sector. Hyderabad, also known as City of Nizams, is a city that was named after a queen Hyder Mahal. Hyderabad literally means the 'city of Hyder'. The city of Hyderabad has its own individual character, which is evident in the beautiful, ancient palaces and the equally modern, and state-of-the-art offices and buildings. The IT sector has made such a deep impact on the ancestral Hyderabad city that the city is often called as 'Cyberabad'. The city of Hyderabad has a co-sister city, which is called as 'Secunderabad'. A man-made lake called the Hussain Sagar Lake divides both the cities.

The city of Hyderabad is the capital of Andhra Pradesh, which is spread over the Deccan Plateau and is the fifth largest metropolitan city in India. If shopping is your passion, you can pick up some distinctive items such as the famous Hyderabadi pearls and other handicrafts, which are unique to the city of Hyderabad and flaunt it with pride.

Hyderabad provides scrumptious delicacies to tease your taste buds. It is high on the spicy content so watch out! Keep some water ready on your side in case you accidentally chew on red hot chilies! The food is authentic and is a culmination of the Mughlai cuisine and the traditional Hyderabadi style. Though the cuisine is predominantly vegetarian, the people on the coast do eat fish and prawns cooked in sesame or coconut. Rice toddy is the locally brewed alcoholic drink.

Culture of Hyderabad
The culture of Hyderabad is a diverse one. Not only does it have an amalgamation of different cultures, Hyderabad boasts of a rich cultural heritage too. Being ruled by the Asaf Jahi dynasty, it came to be known as the "city of Nizams". As this dynasty crumpled, the Mughals took over and brought about sea change in the cultural outlook of the people. Today Hyderabad flourishes in its rich cultural history.

The contemporary world sees this city as a blend of unique cultures with a touch of modern lifestyle. In general, Hyderabadi people are regarded as very friendly and hospitable. As a matter of fact, generosity is the other name of the Hyderabadis. They take immense pleasure and pride in conversing in their local, characteristic and vibrant Hyderabadi language, which is a mix of Urdu, Hindi, and Telugu. The Hyderabadi Urdu is more like city's vernacular of Hindi language. It thrives in a world of its own.

Like the Mumbai 'tapori' language, Hyderabadi lingo too has its own dissimilar resonance and flavor. It is more assorted as it has its own dialects in different parts of the city. If the actual Hyderabadi has a manifestation of Urdu language and is archetypal to the old city, the new city has a fair mix of English and Telugu to it. In Secunderabad Cantonment region, there is a typical Tamil touch to it, due to the proximity of Tamil Nadu to it.

You will find a very surprising element in these people. They wear the latest branded stuff, flaunt attitude and drink gallons of beer in the most happening bar. But when it comes to culture, no one can beat them nor question their traditional beliefs. You will find the prettiest women wearing shorts and tank-tops one day and at a temple in a nice traditional sari the other day! So be prepared to contact the blend of tradition and modernity in the unique city of Hyderabad.

Tourist Attractions
Hyderabad can very well be called a tourists' paradise. The tourist attractions in Hyderabad are worth the visit. There are many places of interest for tourists, in Hyderabad. Not only are the tourist attractions places of historical interest, but also are strikingly picturesque. So if you want to soothe your eyes with the scenic view of an old monument against the backdrop of an evening sky with the flavor of local food tickling your taste buds, come and visit the famous tourist attractions of Hyderabad.

Charminar: It was built in 1591 AD in the heart of the old city of Hyderabad by Muhammad Quli Qutab Shah to commemorate the eradication of plague just after he shifted his capital from Golkunda to Hyderabad. The monument is a square structure with four towers in each of the four corners, each of whose sides is 20 meters in length.

Mecca Masjid: It is one of the oldest mosques in the city which was started by Muhammed Quli Qutub Shah in 1617, but was completed by Aurangzeb in 1694. The mosque is a granite giant and can accommodate about ten thousand worshippers at a time.

Golconda Fort: It is one of the most magnificent fortress complexes which are situated about 11 km from Hyderabad. The fort is now in its ruins is one of the most impressive among the tourist locations.

Salar Jung Museum: It is the third largest museum in India and is well known for its prized collections belonging to different civilizations dating back to the 1st century.

Other important tourist destinations in Hyderabad include the Hussain Sagar, Jama Masjid, St. Joseph’s Cathedral, St. Mary’s Church, Birla Mandir, Qutb Shahi tombs, and the Nehru Zoological Park.

Cuisine of Hyderabad
While in Hyderabad, one must make it a point to try out the famous cuisine the city has to offer. Hyderabad boasts of a wide range of traditional vegetarian dishes, which are tempting to the core. They also have an assortment of typical non-vegetarian cuisines. Both the categories are rich in spice content and you need to be careful if you are not used to spicy and tangy food. Though spicy, it is extremely tasty and delicious and is definitely worth a try.

The prominent mouthwatering vegetarian dishes of Hyderabad are the Dahi Vada, Mirch-ka-sabu and Bagaara Baingan. The Dahi Vada essentially contains spicy and creamy curd in which round pieces of ground lentils have been immersed after being fried. The mirch-ka-sabu is a delicious vegetarian dish of Hyderabad consisting of hot chilies, which are immersed in cream gravy.

For all of you who have an active sweet tooth, pamper yourself with yummy sweet dishes like double-ka-meetha (bread pudding), Gajar-ka-halwa (carrot sweet dish) and Qubani-ka-meetha (apricot pudding). After relishing on the yummy Hyderabadi dishes one should have a sip of the Iranian chai or tea. This hot drink has a distinct flavor and you can easily find it in the street side cafes where you can just laze around and enjoy this famous Hyderabadi beverage.

The cuisine of Hyderabad is highly influenced by the Mughals who ruled here. Hence, the cuisine also has some elements of the Mughlai cuisine. The most famous of all is Mutton Biryani & Chicken Biryani, which is an aromatic assortment of rice, meat and seasonal vegetables. There is also a wide range of Kebabs to choose from which include Chicken korma, Sheer korma, Sheekh Kebab, Shammi Kebab etc. These special vegetarian and non-vegetarian Hyderabadi dishes are best enjoyed in the traditional Shahi Dastarkhana or the Royal Dining Hall. It is a conventional dining place where the ancient royal families relaxed and relished on the Hyderabadi cuisine. It is a 'low chowki ' or wooden bed, on which cotton mattresses are spread. They are bordered with relaxing supports and soft cushions on the edges. All you have to do is make yourself comfortable and feel like a Nizam! No meal is complete without the traditional paan, which is betel leaf stuffed with a mixture of betel nuts and spices which is folded in the betel leaf and held together with a clove.

Some of the ingredients of the traditional recipes are kept secret and are only known to the subsequent generations of the royal cooks. The royal cooks of the traditional Hyderabadi families are known, as 'Khansas' and are held in high esteem in these families.

How to Reach Hyderabad
By Air: Hyderabad is connected to the rest of the world by both national and international flights. The Hyderabad airport is divided into both domestic and international terminals. The domestic terminal is called the N.T. Rama Rao Domestic Terminal. Indian Airlines, Jet Airways, Air Sahara, Deccan Airways, Kingfisher Airlines and Spice Jet are the major domestic flights that operate here. The international terminal is called the Rajiv Gandhi International Terminal. Major international flights operating here are Lufthansa Airlines, SilkAir Airlines, Malaysian Airlines, Emirates Airlines, Saudi Airlines, Sri Lankan Airlines and Qatar Airlines. The airport is located at Begumpet.

By Rail: Secunderabad, which is the co-sister city of Hyderabad, is the head office of Southern and Central railways. Besides the Secunderabad railway station there are two other railway stations namely, the Hyderabad railway station (also known as Nampally) and Kacheguda railway station. All the trains leaving from Hyderabad and Kacheguda railway station have a stoppage at the Secunderabad railway station.

By Road: Hyderabad city is well connected to all the major states like Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Orissa. The Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) has maintained a well laid out system of roadways, which connect Hyderabad to almost every city and town. Its head office is at Secunderabad. Some major national highways that pass through Hyderabad are NH - 4, NH - 5, NH - 7, NH - 9, NH - 16, NH - 18, etc.

Chennai - The cultural capital of India

2010-08-17T03:59:00.000-07:00

Chennai, one of the metropolitan cities in India, is often called the cultural capital of India for its deep-rooted traditions and long heritage. The city is a true reflection of this country's diversity. Chennai has flourished into a charming and welcoming city, in a time span of just over 350 years. This city encourages all forms of development, both modern technology and the traditional arts and crafts, and embraces a series of paradoxes.

Sprawled over an area of 200 square kilometers with the Bay of Bengal on the east, the city is the gateway to the rest of South India. There are abundant green patches found amidst the high-tech, high-rise buildings.

Chennai, the fourth largest city in India has a population of around six million. From pre - Independence days to present, the people of Chennai have played an important role in constructing India's political destiny.

Attractions at Chennai
Chennai is situated by the side of the Bay of Bengal and had been the British trading post for years. Amongst the must visits, well highlighted by Chennai tourism is the second longest beach in the world - Marina Beach. This beautiful golden beach has shimmering sands that invite innumerable tourists especially during the evenings. The British East India Company's St. George Fort is a famous landmark of Chennai. Another colonial structure in the city of Chennai worth visiting is the Santhome Cathedral. For the religious minded people, visit to the Kapaleeshwar Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva and Parthsarthy Temple dedicated to Lord Krishna is a must. For animal lovers Guindy National Park and Snake Park of Chennai offer memorable experiences.

Chennai also has the National Art Gallery that offers a good collection of old paintings and sculptures. The Theosophical Society is another must visit here. The lush green gardens with different shrines of various faiths attract tourists and pilgrims alike to Chennai. Being a metropolitan city, Chennai celebrates most of the festivals though during the festival of Pongal the place becomes a perfect destination to visit. The ideal time to visit Chennai is between the months of November to February.

An added attraction in the list of Chennai attractions is the Tidel Park, the home for the Information Technology Industry. It is spread over 1.28 million sq.ft. of built up area. The Tidel Park is an architectural marvel and houses several large national and international software companies in its premises.

Shopping Delight at Chennai
Shopping in Chennai can be an exciting and satisfying experience. There is a wide variety of traditional and trendy merchandise such as carvings on brass, stone, wood and ivory, leather bikinis, bags, shoes, etc, available for you to buy. Traditional items from all over Tamil Nadu can be bought from Chennai like Pattamara Mats and the leaf and palmyra-fiber handicrafts from Tirunellveli, Metal works from Tanjavur, bronze and brass castings and traditional jewellery from Kumbakonam, stone carvings from Mamallapuram and Silks from Kanchipuram. The most popular shopping centers in Chennai are at Rannganatha Street in T. Nagar and Anna Salai.

Nearby Excursions
Chennai tourism offers some good excursion options. There are ancient temple towns like Mahabalipuram and Tirupati (in Andhra Pradesh), traditional townships and villages that specialize in crafts like Kanchipuram, and golden beaches like Covelong.

Reach Chennai
By Air: The Kamaraj Domestic Airport and the Anna International Airport are located at Meenambakkam about 20 kms from the city. Many major international airlines have regular direct flights to Chennai. Domestic airlines operate daily flights to all major cities of the country from the domestic terminal.

By Rail: Chennai is connected by rail with all major towns and cities in India. Main Railway Stations of Chennai are, Chennai Central and Chennai Egmore. Trains operate from Egmore Junction to different parts of the state while interstate trains originate from Chennai Central Station.

By Road: Chennai is connected by good network of roads with all important places in Tamil Nadu and other parts of India. Many private vehicles are also available for domestic and interstate transportation. Some major road distances from Chennai to other cities; Bangalore (334kms), Kolkata (1678kms), Hyderabad (704 kms), Trivandrum (790kms), Delhi (2095 km), Mumbai (1329 kms).

Cochin - God's own Country

2010-08-14T00:22:00.000-07:00

Kochi (colonial name Cochin) is a vibrant city situated on the south-west coast of the Indian peninsula in the breathtakingly scenic and prosperous state of Kerala, hailed as 'God's Own Country'. Its strategic importance over the centuries is underlined by the sobriquet Queen of the Arabian Sea. Informally, Cochin is also referred to as the Gateway to Kerala.

In Kochi, dawn is not often a thing of breathtaking beauty, but just a careless smear of tinted light where sea and sky unite. Daybreak is full of indeterminate promise. A slow lividness at the mist-obscured harbor mouth meets the swelling untamed surge of the ocean. Cargo-laden barges and vellums or country boats move, ponderously slow, over the sprawling vastness of the Vembanad Kayal, Kerala's largest lake that spreads full bosomed and silver gray in the sultry sun.

LOCATION
Popularly referred to as the Queen of the Arabian Sea, Kochi is located on the west cost of India in the beautiful state of Kerala. The city can be regarded as the commercial and industrial capital of Kerala. The city extends from latitude 9°58' in the North to longitude 76°17' in the East.

BEST TIME TO VISIT
Being situated very close to the sea, Kochi has a moderate climate, with heavy rains during June-August due to the southwest monsoon. Winter starts from December and continues till February. In summer, the temperature rises to a maximum of 35°C and 25°C in the winters. Annual average rainfall is 310 cm.

HISTORY
Though Kochi had been an important roadstead in days gone by, it became a natural harbor only when nature decreed it so. Muziris (present-day Kodungalloor on the mouth of the Periyar River), 40 km north of Kochi, was the center of trade with ancient Rome in the products like pepper and pearls, fine silks, cotton, muslin, honey, oil, betel, tortoise shell, cinnamon leaf, black pepper, ginger grass, and indigo.

The formation of Kochi harbor has a violent story of which nature herself was the main character. The harbor was formed in A.D. 1341, when a great flood in the Periyar River led to an outlet in the sea. The floods had meanwhile silted up the mouth of the Muziris harbor and this rich ancient port was banished to the footnotes of history. Meanwhile, the merchants of Muziris shifted to Kochi.

For centuries, Kochi was the battleground of European powers for the mastery of the lucrative trade of the Indian west coast. The fortunes of political powers in Kochi were dictated by pepper. The Portuguese were the first to come in. Two years later, the adventurous mariner, the legendary Vasco da Gama himself landed in Kochi. The Portuguese erected a fort for the protection of their factory. Fort Manuel, or Manuel Kotta, named after the King of Portugal, was the first fortress constructed by the Europeans in India.

To the Portuguese must go the credit for the extensive scientific cultivation of coconut, ginger, and pepper, backbone of Kerala's economy today. Tobacco, cashew nut, and fruit cultivation were also introduced. The pineapple, for instance, is still called prithichakka in Malayalam, meaning Portuguese jackfruit. They were also responsible for today's burgeoning trade in coir.

The Dutch, full of energy and zeal, were next to enter the scene and succeeded in throwing out the Portuguese very soon. Helped by a laissez-faire policy and a self-stipulated dictum of "at least a 100% profit," Kochi saw a great resurgence of trade.

But the Dutch never endured too, and it was the British who came in next to play out their role. A great milestone was the direct export of pepper to England in 1636 and once again, power flowed from pepper.

For a hundred years and more, from 1795, Kochi received a gracious patronage of the British. They tried their best to develop the harbor at Kochi, the gateway of South India, but for long dismissed as a dream beyond the realm of hope for a rock-like barrier of sand blacked the approach to the port from the sea. No dredging proposition since the days of the Suez Canal project has aroused so much technical interest as the opening up of the Kochi Harbor.

It fell to the lot of an Admiralty Engineer Sir Robert Bristow to envision this "marvel of engineering". It was not an easy task for Bristow to construct a port in these serendipitous surroundings.

Kochi was declared a major port in 1936. With its opening, there was a complete reorientation of shipping and commercial activities on the Malabar Coast. With its year-round shipping facilities, it is the busiest port south of Bombay, lying as it does on the direct route to Australia and the Far East from Europe and serving the vast southern hinterland of industrial areas and plantations. It is a passenger port for the United Kingdom and America in South India. Moreover, it is one of the few ports of the world with all the three main forms of transport-land, sea, and air, centered in the same place.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS
St. Francis Church - Built in 1503 by the Portuguese Franciscan Friars, it is India's oldest European Church. Vasco da Gama's remains were buried here in 1524 but later the remains were taken to Libson, Portugal.

Chinese Fishing Nets - These huge cantilevered fishing nets were brought here by the traders from the court of Kublai Khan.

Mattancherry Palace (Dutch Palace) - (Open 1000- 1700 hrs daily except on Fridays) Built by the Portuguese in 1557 and presented to Raja Veera Kerala Varma of Kochi, the palace was renovated in 1663 by the Dutch. Mural Paintings depicting scenes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata and some of the Puranic Hindu Legends are a real attraction. The palace also houses Dutch maps of old Kochi, royal palanquins, coronation robes of former Maharajas of Kochi as well as period furniture.

Jewish Synagogue (Open 1000 - 1200 hrs and 1500 - 1700 hrs- closed on Saturdays and Jewish holidays) Constructed in 1568, this is the oldest synagogue in the commonwealth. The Dutch rebuilt it in 1664. The main attractions include the hand painted, willow patterned floor tiles from Canton in China, a clock tower, Chandeliers, the great scrolls of the Old Testament, ancient scripts on copper plates etc.

Hill Palace Museum, Thripunithura (Open 0900 - 1200 hrs and 1400 hrs to 1630 hrs- closed on Mondays) 10 Kms from Kochi, Hill palace was the official residence of the erstwhile Kochi royal family and was built in 1865.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
The deity of Shiva temple situated at the heart of Kochi is popularly known as Ernakulathappan. The annual festival is an eight-day event, and on all these days, Seeveli procession with nine tuskers and Panchavadyam are held. On the seventh evening, Pakalpooram is conducted. Kathakali, Ottanthullal, music concerts are presented by renowned artists. The festival concludes with the Arattu.

The Valanjambalam Devi Temple located in the heart of Ernakulam celebrates an annual festival for two days known as Thalapoli Utsavam. The procession with five caparisoned elephants accompanied by temple musical ensembles known as Ezhunnallippu takes place on both days.

HOW TO REACH
BY AIR - There are direct flight services to Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Goa, Bangalore, and Trivandrum from Kochi.

BY RAIL - Kochi is connected by rail to most of the important cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Chennai.

BY ROAD - Kochi is connected by road with several tourist centers in India. It is 565 km from Bangalore, 223 km from Coimbatore, 848 km from Goa, 694 km from Madras, 470 km from Mysore, and 312 km form Ootacamund.